...Effi Briest – Theodor Fontane Welcome to the finest German novel of the 19th Century. In 1919 Thomas Mann said that if one had to reduce one’s library to six novels, Effi Briest would have to be one of them. This was my fourth reading. It is, in fact, the only novel I have read during my teens, my twenties, my thirties and now my forties. I will, no doubt, read it again, because as simple as the plot may seem, and, as discretely as the author may tell it, this is a tale with layer upon layer of hidden meaning. There is no doubt that I share Thomas Mann’s regard of this novel. It is a tale in the tradition of 19th century adulteresses – a German Madame Bovary or Anna Karenina, if you will. Yet, it is from a completely different mould. Effi is a 17-year old girl, sacrificed on the altar of German, specifically Prussian, convention and proprietry. Innstetten, the husband, is a flawed, yet sympathetic character. Effi’s adultery isn’t brazen – in fact, unless you read closely you may miss it altogether. The real strength of this novel lies in the control Fontane has on his material. The structure is tight. The opening scenes between Effi and her parents are mirrored with great poignancy at the finale. There is never any sentimentality or melodrama. Effi’s downfall is reflected in the symbolism of the natural world. I was so struck with this that I’vve included some detail in the following paragraph. Don’t read it, however, if you mind spoilers. Effi is established...
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...Rachel Mases Period 3 Formal Essay: Effi Briest The classic novel, Effi Briest, by Theodor Fontane follows a young woman’s journey through an arranged marriage, exposed infidelity, and guilt-ridden hardship. Effi Briest, a seventeen-year- old living in nineteenth century Germany, struggles through loneliness, depression, fear, and diminishing health through her planned marriage to a nobleman, Baron Geert von Innstetten, as well as after the troubled marriage comes to an end. Throughout the novel, several metaphors are used to emphasize the underlying hardships Effi faces, including the “Chinaman” ghost, Effi’s diminishing health, and the shooting stars. In her husband’s grandiloquent residence, Effi is continuously tormented by a spectral “Chinaman”, believed to be the ghost of a deceased servant who once served in the old home. She consistently discusses the ghost with others as it begins to consume her thoughts and is constantly fearful of the old house along with its dusty, dark corners and eerie, unexplainable creaking. The Chinaman is used in the novel as a metaphor for two aspects of Effi’s acquired life through her marriage to Innstetten: the overwhelming fear and loneliness she now faces as the wife of an ambitious man of the government, and the creeping thoughts of infidelity that ultimately transform into physical actions. Effi becomes exceedingly distressed by what she believes to be the presence of the Chinaman’s spirit, and seeks comfort and support...
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...no surprise that Effi Briest, the ambitious wife of a successful baron, is ostracized after her youthful affair in the novel Effi Briest by Theodor Fontane. While justifications for the former women's actions are convoluted and debatable, Effi Briest's reason for her infidelity is clear and straight forward: the suppression of imagination. Upper-middle class women of Imperial Germany were constantly constrained by social expectations and cultural standards. Creativity was not encouraged or fostered. Without an outlet, Effi of course jumps at the chance to interrupt the monotonous, boring hours of her lonely marriage with the dangerous dreams of a higher romance. On the surface, it may be difficult to understand why Effi risks her 'perfect' marriage for an affair with Major Crampas. The novel begins with admiration for the distinguished Baron von Innstetten, whom Effi quickly marries, and continues to shower with high praise. Innstetten is “very dashing” (9) and the “Bismark thinks highly of him, and the Kaiser too,” (9). Her beau is not only good looking, but extremely respected and raising on the social ladder. For an aristocrat such as Effi, Innstetten fits the mold of an ideal husband. The young 17-year-old is truly living like a “princess” (42), with “something to spoil [her] wherever [she] look[s]” (37). After their honeymoon and experiencing his comfortable lifestyle, Effi “[realizes] what a distinguished marriage [she has] made,” (40). Inarguably, Effi has made the best...
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...1.Das Bild der Frau zu Paulas Geburt 1876 Zu Zeit von Paulas Geburt beherrschten patriarchalische Strukturen die gesellschaftl. Ordnung in Deutschland. Vereinzelt gab es Frauenvereine, die ein wachsendes Verlangen nach Gleichberechtigung äußerten. Der Mann allerdings war immer noch Vormund der Frau, deren Bedürfnisse nach beispielsweise Berufstätigkeit/ oder Ausbildung von ihm beliebig eingeschränkt werden konnten. Paulas Familie war anfangs unterstützend, allerdings hielt auch sie an dem traditionellem BIld der Frau fest. Persönliche und künstlerische Entwicklung in Worpswede Jedoch bringt die Zeit in Worpswede Paula zunehmende Selbstbehauptung und Eigenständigkeit im künstlerischen Sinne, im Persönlichen hält sie aber auch am alten Frauenbild fest. Und so entstehen große innere Konflitke zwischen freiem Künstlertum und konventionellem Rollenverhältnis, die sie in Worpswede nicht lösen kann. 3.Ihre Aufenthalte in Paris Die räumliche Entfernung durch die Parisaufenthalte von den stagnierenden Worpsweder Künstlern und von ihrer Familie birgt für Paula M-B auch eine künstlerische Entfernung. Erste Versuche der Loslösung von den bürgerlichen Konventionen scheitern an der Heirat und ihrem Wunsch nach einer männlichen Unterstützung. Doch Paulas Wunsch einer künstlerisch anregenden Partnerschaft scheitert, denn sie erkennt, dass ihre kreative Zukunft in Paris liegt. Hier erfährt sie auch erste Erfolge. Nach ihrer Entscheidung für Selbstbestimmung und gegen die...
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...The Green Grid is an association of IT professionals seeking to dramatically raise the energy effi ciency of datacenters through a series of short-term and long-term proposals. This is an update to the very fi rst white paper published by the Green Grid in February 2007 called “Green Grid Metrics: Describing Data Center Power Effi ciency” to refi ne the nomenclature and intent of that paper. In that paper, The Green Grid proposed the use of Power Usage Effectiveness (PUE) and its reciprocal, Datacenter Effi ciency (DCE) metrics, which enable datacenter operators to quickly estimate the energy effi ciency of their datacenters, compare the results against other datacenters, and determine if any energy effi ciency improvements need to be made. Since then PUE has received broad adoption in the industry but DCE has had limited success due to the misconception of what data center effi ciency really means. As a result, this paper re-affi rms the use of PUE but redefi nes its reciprocal as datacenter infrastructure effi ciency (DCiE). This refi nement will avoid much of the confusion around DCE and will now be called DCiE. In the long term, The Green Grid is developing metrics to measure data center productivity as well as effi ciency metrics for all major power-consuming subsystems in the datacenter. To promote these metrics and drive greater datacenter energy effi ciency for businesses around the world, The Green Grid will publish future white papers that provide detailed...
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...Practices Act. Discuss with your Learning Team the compliance issues associated with the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act. The challenge for many companies is how to identify and reduce the FCPA risks posed by employees and non-employees who may not understand the many nuances of anti-corruption and anti-bribery laws and policies. . Compliance programs have not been spared (though decreases in compliance budgets have not been as steep as many anticipated, and some companies have allocated more money to this area). The combination of tighter legal requirements and tighter budgets has forced compliance offi cers to rethink processes of risk assessment and mitigation with an eye toward becoming both more effective and effi cient in program design and resource allocation. Compliance professionals typically are tasked with managing delivery of training and certifi cations—in one form or another—across the enterprise. For many companies, the process requires multilanguage versions of compliance messaging and document delivery across the globe. Program managers that depend on manual approaches to bread-and-butter compliance functions such as the annual code of conduct certifi cation or confl ict of interest disclosure can quickly fi nd themselves overwhelmed. A growing number of compliance teams now recognize that managing compliance risks effectively in a resource constrained environment requires the use of smart technology. While valuable...
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...CAse Study REPORT PUE DATA CENTER EFFICIENCY MEASUREMENT Introduction One of the metrics used for measuring datacenter efficiency is Power Usage Effectiveness, or PUE. PUE compares the power consumption for the entire facility with the power consumed by the core IT components—servers, storage and network equipment. This ratio illustrates how effectively the power being consumed translates into net compute capacity. Mathematically, the calculation is straightforward: For example, if one watt is being consumed by the servers and one watt is being consumed for the supporting cooling, power back up and other administrative use, the ratio would be 2.0—which is where most datacenters operate. The theoretical ideal PUE is 1.0, where the only energy consumed is for computation. The value of this metric is that it focuses on the non-value added use of power, which in a datacenter is anything that doesn’t compute or store information. PUE = Total Facility Power/ IT Equipment Power Below is an Example to calculate the PUE: Having a facility that uses 100,000 kW of total power of which 80,000 kW is used to power your IT equipment, would generate a PUE of 1.25. The 100,000 kW of total facility power divided by the 80,000 kW of IT power Total Facility Power is defined to be “power as measured at the utility meter”. IT Equipment Power is defined as “the load associated with all of the IT equipment”...
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...Numerous empirical studies have sought to evaluate the relationship between market structure and performance. The traditional structure-conduct-performance approach (SCP) alone seems hard to reconcile with the true development of the relationship. There are two main stream of hypothesis that studies the relationship between. On one hand, the collusion hypothesis, widely known as SCP (Bain, 1995), stipulates that as a result of market concentration which facilitates the collusion between firms of the industry, greater benefits like higher firm profits arise. On the other hand, Demsetz (1973) provide an alternative reasoning for the positive relationship between concentration and profitability. The efficient structure hypothesis suggests that market structure is dictated by the efficiency of the operating firms. The most efficient firms reap higher profitability and market share which eventually lead to higher market concentration. This review will present some literature findings which are either in favour of or against Demsetz view of efficiency hypothesis. Efficient-structure hypothesis stipulates that bigger market share is the outcome of efficient operations of the firms. It is subdivided into two forms of hypothesis. Under X-efficiency hypothesis, firms with superior management or production processes operate at lower costs and eventually gain more profits. Following-on higher market shares may result in higher market concentration. On another hand, scale-efficiency hypothesis...
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...B TECH SEM V (MECH) ALLOCATION OF TOPICS FOR INNOVATIVE ASSIGNMENT Roll No. | Chart preparation | Model preparation | ppt + animationpreparation | Programpreparation | 10BME01 | | Centrifugal pumps | | 10BME07 | | | | 10BME17 | | | | | 10BME02 | Run-off-river hydropower plant | | 10BME03 | | | 10BME08 | | | | 10BME04 | Fish friendly turbine | | 10BME10 | | | 10BME11 | | | 10BME31 | | | | 10BME05 | dam based hydropower plant | | 10BME14 | | | 10BME16 | | | | 10BME06 | | Reciprocating compressor | | 10BME30 | | | | 10BME42 | | | | | 10BME09 | | dam based hydropower plant | | 10BME33 | | | | 10BME34 | | | | 10BME43 | | | | 10BME53 | | | | 10BME58 | | | | 11BME151 | | | | | 10BME12 | Canal based hydropower plant | | 10BME21 | | | 10BME32 | | | | 10BME13 | | selection and design of Centrifugal pump | 10BME45 | | | | 10BME15 | Hydropower Plants in Gujarat | | 10BME18 | | | 10BME19 | | | | 10BME20 | | selection and design of hydro turbines(PT/FT/KT) | 10BME22 | | | 10BME23 | | | 10BME35 | | | 10BME24 | Bulb turbine | | 10BME25 | | | 10BME39 | | | | 10BME26 | | Centrifugal compressor | | 10BME28 | | | | 10BME36 | | | | | 10BME29 | Strait power turbine (turbines inspired from shark) | | 10BME40 | | | 10BME41 | | | | 10BME37 | Design and selection of PAT for water supply network of NU | 10BME61 | | | 10BME38 | | *Cut...
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...Demystifying T 20 The Milken Institute Review The Merriam-Webster dictionary defi nes a derivative in the fi eld of chemistry as “a substance that can be made from another substance.” Derivatives in fi nance work on the same principle. These fi nancial instruments promise payoffs that are derived from the value of something else, which is called the “underlying.” The underlying is often a fi nancial asset or rate, but it does not have to be. For example, derivatives exist with payments linked to the S&P 500 stock index, the temperature at Kennedy Airport, and the number of bankruptcies among a group of selected companies. Some estimates of the size of the market for derivatives are in excess of $270 trillion – more than 100 times larger than 30 years ago. When derivative contracts lead to large fi nancial losses, they can make headlines. In recent years, derivatives have been associated with a few truly notable events, including the collapses of Barings By René M. Stulz Financial Derivatives Third Quarter 2005 21 Bank (the Queen of England’s primary bank) and Long-Term Capital Management (a hedge fund whose partners included an economist with a Nobel Prize awarded for breakthrough research in pricing derivatives). Derivatives even had a role in the fall of Enron. Indeed, just two years ago, Warren Buffett concluded that “derivatives are fi nancial weapons of mass destruction, carrying dangers that, while now latent, are potentially lethal.” michael...
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...Shaving 20 per cent from its inventories converted Australia’s largest pie maker from a believer in the effi ciency of bar codes, to a champion for the global GS1 standards. So much so, that Patties Foods has become a pioneer in the use of a new supply chain technology. Logistics is big business for Patties. The company behind the iconic Four’n Twenty, Herbert Adams, Patties, Great Australian Pies, Wedgwood and Nanna’s brand, Patties dispatches around 200 pallets of pastries daily from its eastern Victorian factory. At the other end of the supply chain, the company receives truckloads of fresh produce and ingredients every day from dozens of suppliers. Better information demanded by purchasing, planning and production Managing such large volumes of perishable goods means timely, accurate information about ingredients and orders is vital to the pastry manufacturer. Inspired by a GS1 Australia case study, Patties called in GS1 Australia’s Professional Services team in 2003. The time was right, according to Patties General Manager Purchasing and Supply, Joe Rettino. “The retailers had mandated the use of GS1 bar codes on shipping containers and we wanted to make sure we were compliant,” he said. “We could also relate to the experiences of other businesses who had been assisted by GS1 and could see potential benefi ts for us.” As part of GS1 Australia’s ‘Supply Chain Review’, the Professional Services team studied Patties’ operations, scoped a...
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...1. Introduction The Global Derivatives Market how it is work a- Fundamentals and Market Characteristics 2.1 Basics of derivatives Derivatives are totally different from securities. They are financial instruments that are mainly used to protect against and manage risks, and very often also serve arbitrage or investment purposes, providing various advantages compared to securities. Derivatives come in many varieties and can be differentiated by how they are traded, the underlying they refer to, and the product type. Definition of derivatives A derivative is a contract between a buyer and a seller entered into today regarding a transaction to be fulfilled at a future point in time, for example, the transfer of a certain amount of US dollars at a specified USD-EUR exchange rate at a future date. Over the life of the contract, the value of the derivative fluctuates with the price of the so-called “underlying” of the contract – in our example, the USD-EUR exchange rate. The life of a derivative contract, that is, the time between entering into the contract and the ultimate fulfi llment or termination of the contract, can be very long – in some cases more than ten years. Given the possible price fluctuations of the underlying and thus of the derivative contract itself, risk management is of particular importance.1) Derivatives must be distinguished from securities, where transactions are fulfilled within a few days (Exhibit 1). Some securities have derivative-like characteristics...
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...Question 3 India’s market is enormous in terms of population and its geography. Despite of India’s large population, India has not been the choice for foreign beverages companies to expand their business. In addition to the deterrents imposed by government through its austere trade policies, rules and regulations, the citizen’s demands for carbonated drinks are very low. The averages of them buying carbonated drinks are three bottles a year. There are ways for PepsiCo and Coca-Cola responses to the sheer scale of operations in terms of product policies, promotional activities, pricing policies and also distribution arrangements. Product policies are the guidelines developed by an organization or government to manage the activities within the organization or country. As for this case, India had set a limit of sales for foreign beverage companies in order to make sure that the local beverage companies are able to compete with foreign beverage companies. The sales of soft drinks for foreign companies like Coca-Cola and PepsiCo concentrate to local bottlers could not exceed 25 percent of the total sales for new venture and Pepsi Foods Ltd. was required to process and distribute local fruits and vegetables. India’s government also mandated that Pepsi Food’s products are promoted under the name of “Lehar Pepsi”. As for Coca-Cola, this company had once entered India’s market but had failed to maintain in the market. But in May 1990, Coca-Cola has decided to reenter India’s market...
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...MP A R Munich Personal RePEc Archive Measurement of Efficiency of Banks in India Varadi, Vijay Kumar, Mavaluri, Pradeep Kumar and Boppana, Nagarjuna University of Hyderabad, India August 2006 Online at http://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/17350/ MPRA Paper No. 17350, posted 17. September 2009 / 09:11 Measurement of Efficiency of Banks in India 1 - Varadi Vijay Kumar , - Mavaluri Pradeep2 - Boppana Nagarjuna 3 Introduction: The opening up of the financial sector in 1990 followed by RBI’s reform program4 which intended to create an viable, competitive and efficient banking system in India had resulted in entry of many private banks both Indian as well as foreign banks and increase competition among the commercial banks in India. Between the years 1991-97 there ware a greater inflow of 21 foreign banks and 9 private banks in the Indian banking. In 1998 the Cash Reserve Ratio (CRR) was raised to 9% (effective as March 2000) with government securities given a 2.5% risk weight to begin reflecting interest rate risk. On-site supervision of banks was introduced in 1995, and CAMELS system of annual supervision was introduced in 1997, and in 1998, RBI judged that this system can fully met 14 of the 25 Basel Core Principles of Supervision and was implementing compliance with the other 11 core principles. In this process, by 1997-98, most of the financial market was liberalized. In 1999, Vasudevan committee made an initiative to the beginnings of a strategy...
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...1. Analyze the organizational environment that Sonoco operates in. Given this context, what are the strengths and weaknesses of Sonoco’s organizational structure? 2. How successful has Hartley been in transforming Sonoco’s HR function to be strategic? What else should Hartley have done? Provide the rationale for your answers to these questions. 3. What is right HR structure for Sonoco – centralization or hybrid? Why? Evaluate the different options (pros and cons). * the secretary of Homeland Security, tell reporters that he “ had no reports ” of things viewers had seen with their own eyes. It seemed he might have been better informed if he had relied on CNN Homeland * Security, Enron, and Home Depot represent only a few examples of an endemic challenge: how to know if you ’ re getting the right picture or tuning in to the wrong channel. Managers often fail this test. Cluelessness is a fact of life, even for very smart people. Sometimes, the information they need is fuzzy or hard to get. Other times, they ignore or misinterpret information at hand. Decision makers too often lock themselves into fl awed ways of making sense of their circumstances.rather than his own agency. * Reframing requires an ability to think about situations in more than one way. We then introduce four distinct frames — structural, human resource, political, and symbolic — each logical and powerful in its own right. Together, they help us decipher the full array of signifi...
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