...Elderly and in Prison Rhetorical Analysis Countless of elderly people pose little to no risk of committing a crime at this age. Therefore, elderly people currently serving a prison sentence should have it shorten. One editor, a writer of an organizer with Release Aging People in Prison/RAPP, Laura Whitehorn, wrote "Elderly and in Prison," published in January 5th, 2017 in the New York Times, and she disputes that elderly in prison have a diminutive to no risk of committing a new offense. Whitehorn begins to state and build her evidence with facts and statistics over the New York State prison, and successfully employs emotional appeal; in addition, toward the conclusion of her editorial speech, she demonstrates how it is possible and how reasonable it is and even so the government chooses not to do so. In her editorial speech, Whitehorn first sets her argument by describing how elderly are not a considerable threat and she thoroughly explains and backs up the prior Brennan Center for Justice Speech, the original speech, as to how there would be a positive outcome even though there must be an intervenience as she states, "... fewer and shorter prison sentences will surely improve public safety rather than damage it." However, she also examines the proposal as a whole as she says, "But...
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...Parole for the Elderly Tynesha Wilson CJHS 430 November 17, 2014 Christopher Abreu Parole for the Elderly There are many arguments for and against confining the sick and elderly adults in jail. Some of the arguments include but are not limited to the cost to house these inmates (elderly and sick), monies used to house these inmates could be used to fund other programs, where will these inmates go once they are released, the reduction of overcrowding in the prison system, may increase crime and the homeless population, etc. Should the elderly be released just because a large amount of money is spent just to house them or should those elderly inmates remain incarcerated because they did the crime and should have to do the crime? Elderly inmates cost up to three times more than the average prisoner, primarily because of their greater medical needs. It is estimated that the Department of Corrections will spend over $900 million on medical expenses in this year alone due in part to the number of elderly inmates housed within the prison system (Beiser, 2003). The more money spent to house the elderly in the prison system the more programs that will eventually have to be cut in order to pay to house them. Monies are constantly being taken away from schools, hospitals, and other government funded programs in an effort to continue housing elderly and sick inmates. If the non-violent elderly and sick inmates were released the funds used to pay to house them could be used...
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...Brinkley Donna M. Davis July 30, 2012 Prisons in America face many problems today. One such problem is the amount of elderly inmates. Elderly inmates represent the fastest growing segment of the federal and state prisons. The aging inmate population has created new challenges for the American corrections system. The population of aging and elderly prisoners in the United States prisons exploded over the past three decades, with nearly 125,000 inmates aged 55 or older now behind bars, according to a recent report published by the American Civil Liberties Union. This represents an increase of over 1,300 percent since the early 1980s. (Graying in Prison). Some contributing factors to the increase in elderly inmates are, get tough on crime reforms of the 1980s and 1990s, mandatory minimum sentences, three strikes rules and truth in sentence laws established in recent decades are keeping more offenders in prison for longer periods of time. Inmates are living longer and this also contributes to prison overcrowding. (Elderly Prisoners, 2012). In passing some of these laws, such as the three strikes laws, the courts and the Criminal Justice System did not think about the aging inmates and the problems that go with it. As people age, generally they develop health problems and within the prison system, this is no different. Prisons aren’t geared to the needs and vulnerabilities of older people. In the prison environment, there are a number of unique physical...
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...Aging Offenders in the Prison System Daniel Trombley American Military University Professor Spivey CMRJ316 Corrections and Incarceration August 10, 2013 An aging offender or an elderly offender is an individual over the age of 55 who breaks the law or is in prison (Newman). It is also a term that can refer to the concept of an aging prison population or to the unnatural pressures of being incarcerated that accelerate the aging process. Oddly, the number of elderly individuals committing crimes and being sentenced to prison is increasing and that creates problems for the correctional facilities in terms of health care as well as mental and physical issues that the inmates themselves have. Unfortunately, little seems to have changed in the past 30 years regarding elderly inmates. Health care is absolutely a major concern. In many countries including the United States, elderly inmates do not qualify for state funded healthcare. The United States National Institute of Corrections identified that inmates over 60 years old cost three times more than those of a younger age to house in prison. (Aday, 2003) Issues such as chronic health conditions or ailments require constant care as well as continual medication to ease the physical or mental problems. Certain administrative bodies of these institutions claim that medical care for the elderly prisoners is the most costly problem of the aging prison structure. A survey...
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...arguments for and against confining the sick and elderly adults in jail. Some of the arguments include but are not limited to the cost to house these inmates (elderly and sick), monies used to house these inmates could be used to fund other programs, where will these inmates go once they are released, the reduction of overcrowding in the prison system, may increase crime and the homeless population, etc. Should the elderly be released just because a large amount of money is spent just to house them or should those elderly inmates remain incarcerated because they did the crime and should have to do the crime? Elderly inmates cost up to three times more than the average prisoner, primarily because of their greater medical needs. It is estimated that the Department of Corrections will spend over $900 million on medical expenses in this year alone due in part to the number of elderly inmates housed within the prison system (Beiser, 2003). The more money spent to house the elderly in the prison system the more programs that will eventually have to be cut in order to pay to house them. Monies are constantly being taken away from schools, hospitals, and other government funded programs in an effort to continue housing elderly and sick inmates. If the non-violent elderly and sick inmates were released the funds used to pay to house them could be used in other places such as to help pay teachers, police officers, etc. Not all elderly and sick prisoners can be released back into...
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...is a law that prison should abide by attending to special needs inmates, it will be heartless to mistreat or not tend to an inmate because of something he/she cannot control....
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...disorders may exist in one person ( Health Grade, 2013). The causes of these disorders are unknown; however major factors that contribute to these disorders are a person’s descent, chemical imbalances in the brain, childhood experiences, illnesses, stress, and prenatal exposures while one is still in their mother’s womb. Psychological disorders are serious and can be very detrimental to that person that has it as well as society. One psychological disorder that will be discussed in this paper is anxiety disorder, more specifically obsessive-compulsive disorder. This paper will discuss the relationship between human development and socialization, along with how this relationship affects obsessive-compulsive disorder. Throughout history Elderly Offenders Behind Bars While Reducing the Cost Over time offenders that have been sent to correctional institutions in the United States are sometimes forced to live out the rest of their lives behind bars, in the end causing overcrowding in facilities, increase numbers of aging prisoners and tax payers millions of dollars (Aday, 1994). In 2008 alone, the cost for correctional systems for federal, state, and local systems was $75 billion, much of it spent on older inmates (Warner, Schmitt, & Gupta, 2010). This is money that could have been spent on more beneficial projects like...
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...male and female. With all of these offenders to house, feed and protect from others and themselves. The system is large and separated between federal, state and privately owned prisons. With that said, the system has evolved through trial and error. Some prison systems are agricultural and are found mostly in the southern states where inmates work on farm systems. These systems were products of the pre-civil war days of slavery where the inmate works in the cotton fields, hoe squads and planting vegetables for the prison. Some states have abandoned this method because negative reactions from farm organizations, whose members argue that competition from state prisons, were unfair with the free labor from prisoners. Correctional functions prisons provide essential medical, dental, and mental health services. Correction clients may also have access to legal books and or services to aide in their legal research and to prepare legal documents. Some institutions even offer various programs in literacy, parenting skills, adult continuing education and provide library services. In addition to what might be considered the "traditional" institutions, there are many other alternatives that corrections may choose to use. Some of these options include Pre-trial Release, Parole, Probation. Some prisons offer on-the-job-training through institution job assignments. All in all, corrections encompass a large part of our criminal justice system. The inmates are entitled to medical...
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...18 marker There are a number of psychological methods that can be used to gain control in a situation that needs order, such as a prison or in this case, an uncooperative group of elderly people. These include techniques such as token economy programmes and anger management programmes; also ECT can be considered. Token economy programmes are a form of behaviour modification based on the principles of operant conditioning. It was originally created as a behaviour modification method; however it is now just usually used to maintain good behaviour in prison settings. It can be applied to the nursing home situation as it will encourage cooperative behaviour because they will be gaining tokens for good behaviour, which will eventually result in a reward. For example if the elderly people cooperate with the rules and do not be disruptive for a day, they will receive a token. If they receive 5 tokens they will be rewarded with something such as being able to stay up later to watch their chosen programme on a chosen day. The residents will also receive more privileges and treats than they normally would have, if they cooperate with the guidelines of the programme. The nurses might try and reward cooperative behaviour and completely ignore undesired behaviour, as it may be the attention which the residents are looking for. Token economy programmes may be preferred over punishment because the nurses may be inclined to remove privileges and even basic needs or desires. This has been...
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...cuts faced by all levels of government, and explain how to justify to the tax-paying public an increase in expenditures on prison treatment and rehabilitation programs. To respond to this assignment, the student undertook desk research, wrote and submitted this paper. Keywords: prison treatment, rehabilitation programs, cost, expense, investment Introduction: The context for extra spending Many sections of the United States government over the past several years have experienced severe budget cuts due the Great Recession. Some education departments have experienced double digit percentage cuts, leading to layoffs among both faculty and administrative personnel. Hospitals, public transportation, and many other government departments have experienced layoffs, working hour reductions, cuts in pay, and cuts in resourcing. With these cost-reduction measures imposed in many government departments, it would be difficult to persuade the tax-paying public that anything currently deserves an increase in spending. If most parts of society must cut back on budgets and services, why should the public tolerate extra spending to help those who have actively broken the law? Many would argue that preference should be given to extra spending for law-abiding citizens. This paper explores how to justify to the tax-paying public an increase in expenditure on prison treatment and rehabilitation programs, and finds that the most effective method is to demonstrate to the public that increased...
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...Assignment 1.3.2 - Sentencing For a Consumer Crime AC6440 - Business Crime and Ethics Behavior Professor Dawn Taylor Adrienne R. Daniels 20 May 2014 The defendant, David Robinson is a first time offender and has been convicted by a jury of running a sweepstakes telemarketing scam over the telephone. The con artist, acting alone, scammed 2,000 elderly victims within the United States out of $100,000 dollars. The scheme involved telling victims over the age of 55 that they would be eligible for winning a trip to Hawaii, but that they first had to pay $50 to the scammer. There was no trip and no one won. As it relates to the violation of 18 U.S. Code § 1343 - Fraud by wire, radio, or television it states that the defendant found guilty is subject to punishment up to 30 years in prison and carries a fine up to $1,000,000. The punishment can be either one or both. As it relates to the violation of 18 U.S. Code § 2326 - Enhanced penalties, it states that the defendant found guilty is subject to punishment up to 10 years in prison. (Legal Information Institute, n.d.) Sentencing guidelines state the following information as listed below: §2B1.1. Larceny, Embezzlement, and Other Forms of Theft; Offenses Involving Stolen Property; Property Damage or Destruction; Fraud and Deceit; Forgery; Offenses Involving Altered or Counterfeit Instruments Other than Counterfeit Bearer Obligations of the United States (a) Base Offense Level: (1) 7, if (A) the defendant...
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...Introduction History of A&O Financial Services Incorporation: A&O Financial Services Inc. was founded by Christian Allmendinger, Adley H. Abdulwahab, Brent Oncale (former owner and founder of A&O), and many other people. A & O Financial Services, Inc. offers loan and financing services. It offers personal loans, commercial loans, car financing, and mortgage lending services. The company is based in Stockton, California. A&O Incorpration’s address is 1350 West Robinhood Drive, Suite A2, Stockton, CA 95207, United States. A&O Financial Services Inc. provides services by the finance industry. The finance industry encompasses a broad range of organizations that deal with the management of money. Among these organizations are credit unions, loans, banks, credit card companies, insurance companies, consumer finance companies, stock brokerages, investment funds and some government sponsored enterprises. A&O Financial Services Inc. works in Financial industry which means that they were receiving deposits from many depositors for the aim of investing them in safe investments for a definite period of time, and then to return back the money along with an additional amount of money as a return. Definition of Fraud: In criminal law, a fraud is an intentional deception made for personal gain or to damage another individual. The specific legal definition varies by legal jurisdiction. Fraud is a crime, and also a civil law violation...
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...there is an overcrowding of inmates in our prisons and part of that reason results from the lack of probation and proper treatments. The biggest percentage of the prison population lies with the drug addicted and mentally ill/elderly. To fix this issue we can go about it in a few different ways, in the end it will take a variety of angles and time to eradicate the issue all together. The central theme of this issue begins when we first understand that in order to fix this issue changes will need to be made. As of right now the prisons are overpopulated by 30 to 40 percent and this is largely due to the length of sentencing and the overlook of the prisoners care. To begin, there needs to be a faster release of criminals. To achieve this, the prisoners that would serve life sentences and have reached the age where it is impossible for them to do harm can be released...
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...After reading “the Innocent Man” by Pamela Colloff’s who write a long journalism about Michael Morton, who was found guilty for murdering his wife Christine was sentenced for fifteen years in prison. Later founding that Michael was Innocent after reinvestigating his case, capturing DNA testing and finding new evidence was able to help prove his innocence. The theme of this essay a widow husband who seek to fight for his freedom in prison and staying connected with his son. Michal son Eric gave him a reason to have hope that they would one day reunite and his son would know for himself that he did murder his wife. The point of view of this essay although a man is falsely accuse for a crime he did not commit he is self-determined to fight. Tomorrow is not promised in society careless mistakes can cause someone’s life to be more self-aware and appreciate life. In Colloff’s essays states “I didn’t just want to get out,” Michael told me. “I wanted to know exactly happened to me” Michael had questions going through his mind a man who works, establish a family, and tries to live a norm life got to fighting for his Innocence. After reading “A life Worth Ending” by Michael Wolff’s shares his personal experience about his mother final illness and personal issues that he struggled with health care system. His mother faces a condition call dementia which is a disorder which mentally caused by the brain or injury. The mother started losing her memory as she aged. The theme of this essay...
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...February 18, 2014 Prisoners with Special Needs There are many inmates in prisons that have different special needs. Some of these needs are based on whether the inmates are male or female. Males have some special needs to take care of their selves that females do not and vice versa. Then there are those who suffer from a mental illness. Their special needs are much different than those who have basic needs. People who suffer from substance abuse have needs in the area of addiction. All these different kinds of people with diverse needs effect the jails and prisons in various ways. If people were not cared for properly there would be negative repercussions. There are programs in prisons that allow these prisoners to be cared for properly. There are many special needs prisoners, one that many are familiar with are the mentally ill, and substance abusing. In 1955 there weren’t any mental institutions being built, and there were forty that were shut down about a decade ago. As of today there were more prisons opening up, and many people seemed the most qualified to care for and house these patients. Today prisons have taken on the lead role of caring for mentally ill patients, housing 45,000 in prison to 3,000 in mental institutions. Rehabilitation programs are lacking in the mentally ill category, therefore mentally ill prisoners usually return to prison. There are many inmates in prisons that have different special needs. Some of these needs are based on the sex of...
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