...ENG/106 October 19, 2015 Debora Aubuchon The Romantic Heart Romanticism and Enlightenment were two viewpoints that culminated in the 17th and 18th centuries. These ways of thinking are varied in certain characteristics and aspects when compared side by side, but they also share some similarities. Many literary works from this era reflected the traits of one or both of these philosophical structures and often reflected or built upon earlier works of the same caliber. As most classical masterpieces do, the particular works that display attributes from the Enlightenment and Romantic philosophies have lent a proverbial stepping stone that - intentionally or unintentionally – led to influence on the modern world. First it is important to note the differences between Enlightenment and Romanticism. These two philosophies have always been at odds, one (Enlightenment) teaching that faith inhibits reason and the other (Romanticism) teaching that creativity and intuition allows individuals to unlock their true potential. Romanticism sought to celebrate people as individuals and encouraged the followers to express themselves, their point of views, and explore the different facets of their personalities. Enlightenment on the other hand saw people as a group and encouraged applicable rules and theories to fit one and all. These differences set the scene for some interesting literary works in the Enlightenment and Romantic era. Classic literary works such as Goethe’s Faust,...
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...political shifts in a region, and Neoclassicism and Romanticism are no exception. This refocusing on new perspectives and inspirations that forged these movements, both separate and in tandem with one another, applied not just to visual art, but to every art form, from music to play-writing, as well as philosophy and science. Romanticisms preoccupation with themes such as man’s relationship with God, nature, and emotions came in direct and deliberate opposition to Neoclassicism’s preoccupation with logic and traditional views on artistic technique. Neoclassical art emerged out of the Enlightenment, primarily in Western Europe. Art, of all kinds, during in this period were informed by Enlightenment ideals, which were largely reactionary against the Renaissance period before it. The Renaissance was defined by its tremendous scientific and artistic progressions. However, toward the end of the Renaissance, resentment was mounting against the scientific and philosophical figures at the head of the movement. Science had deevolved into a show, with alleged scientists performing experiments in a manor that felt more like parlor tricks through repetition instead of making real scientific developments. The Renaissance gave the Western world a promise for technological and social progress, and when that never came to fruition, the Enlightenment wanted to take society to the place it had been previously promised. Thusly, the Enlightenment took to philosophy and the sciences with a new preoccupation...
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...Why did European culture reject rationalism in the 19th century in favor of Romanticism? Culture exists inseparably from human life and reflects all the movements, reforms and changes that happen with people. The end of the eighteenth century witnessed many changes in life of European countries, particularly Industrial Revolution and French Revolution. Certainly, trends in European culture altered together with the changes in people’s outlook and way of life. In the very beginning of the nineteenth century, people changed their perception of the reality. This transfer from Classicism to Romanticism was indisputably the continuation of the processes that dominated in the society of that time. People were tired of the inviolable order that reigned in their life. Almost all countries were monarchies. It meant that life of people was limited and subjected to the kings’ rule. People were oppressed and did not have their needs satisfied. These were the main causes of the French Revolution in 1789 and the Industrial Revolution in England. The aim of people to be free in their opportunities and to raise the living standard drove them in their struggle. Thus, all these events show that people wanted to escape from the established order and, perhaps, to abstract from the daily routine and to pay more attention to their feelings and inner world. The Age of Enlightenment that ruled in the eighteenth century was also called the Age of Reason. The reason was considered the basis...
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...Romanticism and realism Romanticism Romanticism gained fame and momentum as a movement of art in the early 19th century and flourished till the 1850s. It was popular in France and Britain. Romanticism, which emerged as a reaction to the disillusionment with enlightenment involving order and reason after the 1789 French revolution, stressed on emotion and imagination. In romantic art, nature provided an appropriate alternative to the thoughts of enlightenment. In this case, nature was considered as unpredictable, had a great potential for extreme disasters and had uncontrollable power. The terrifying and violent images of nature invented by artists during the romantic period recalled the 18th century aesthetics. In British and French paintings of the early eighteenth century, the presentation of the struggle of man against the power of nature highlights this sensibility. Romanticism, which cannot be expressed using a single technique, attitude or style, is characterized by a highly subjective approach, such as visionary quality and emotional intensity (Tekiner, 2000). The context of romanticism can be equated to a reaction against the enlightenment age. It is believed that there is a big relationship between Romanticism and the French revolution that started in 1789. It can be said that most romantics were basically progressive in their opinions although others had conservative views because nationalism in many countries was associated with Romanticism (Noon, 2003). Realism ...
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...Revolution led to reactionary conservatism in Europe. Reactionary conservatism that focused on upholding tradition contrasts the increase in radicalism that characterized the French revolution. One conservative, Metternich, is comparable to Thomas Hobbes as they both supported monarchy as a way to maintain order. Metternich was Austrian. There was great disunity in Austria during this time period because of various ethnic groups that all wanted independence, reflecting the disunity of the Holy Roman Empire during the Reformation. The conservatives increased censorship that contrasted the liberty and natural rights of the Enlightenment. The type of traditional, autocratic monarchies that the conservatives supported also contrasted the enlightenment support for constitutional monarchy and natural rights. In South America, revolts were inspired by the Enlightenment like the other revolutions were, but the French and American revolutions started in the middle while the South American Revolutions were pushed from below. In 1815, France and England had relatively liberal governments that supported natural rights and had constitutional monarchies. This contrasted the rest of Europe which was characterized by traditional absolutist monarchies. Despite the relatively liberal nature of government in France and England, voting rights were extremely limited, contrasting our world in which most adults can vote. With the rise of nationalism, unified states became more unified while multinational...
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...Symbolism The period of romanticism is the period after the Enlightenment era and it deals with many concepts and such as symbolism, individualism, myths and emotion. The literature of this period was not just concentrated on the theory of romantics with the thought of love being the center of romanticism even though some of the works may be about love and affection, plenty of works like those assigned deal with different types of romanticism. Williams Wordsworth shows romanticism with his different uses of symbols in his writings and the same can be seen with works done by Leo Tolstoy. The lines that are taken out of the Tintern Abbey, he speaks about the light and darkness and describes them in certain ways. The “joyless daylight” (Wordsworth, 436) represents the truth and the light helps an individual see the truth. Sometimes the truth may not be what the individual wants to see and the darkness that he mentions represents hiding the truth from people and whoever the individual may be making them feel better. The symbolism he uses shows a grim type of romanticism that the period brings into sight. The next piece of literature would be the works from Leo Tolstoy. Like William Wordsworth, it shows a grim type of symbolism in the piece of The Death of Ivan Ilyich. The story gives symbolism that can be analyzed with the five stages of death developed by Elisabeth Kubler Ross. The different stages can be seen throughout the story showing symbols of him going through the...
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...Romanticism, state of mind or scholarly introduction that portrayed numerous works of writing, painting, music, feedback, and historiography in Western human progress over a period from the late eighteenth to the mid-nineteenth century. With its accentuation on the creative ability and feeling, Romanticism developed as a reaction to the disappointment with the Enlightenment significance of reason and structure in the outcome of the French Revolution of 1789. Romanticism can be viewed as a dismissal of the statutes of structure, peaceful, agreement, stability, and admiration that embodied Classicism as a rule and late eighteenth century Neoclassicism specifically. Romanticism was likewise to some degree a response against the Enlightenment and...
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...ROMANTICISM AND REALISM Deborah Christman Western Governor’s University ROMANTICISM AND REALISM Both Romanticism and Realism were art movements that began in the 19th century, during a time of war and revolution. Romanticism focused on emotions, injustice, and extraordinary, while Realism characterized the world without glorification. Both began as a response to historic ideas, but they vary in terms of artistic style and political views. In the first part of the 19th century, a new art movement began—Romanticism. Romanticism arose in retaliation of Neoclassicism, which placed restraints on artists and “rules-driven orderliness”. Romantic artists focused more on perception and impression, rather than on the specific object. They included “passion, emotion, and exotic settings with dramatic action”. Their attention was on the Romantic hero (archetype) who rejected normal life and focused on himself. The subjects in their paintings showed the preposterous and untamed side of humans. (Mindedge, 3.18) To display emotion and style, the artists used somber paint colors and displayed Gothic elements. The color red was used quite often as a sunset or in the person’s clothing, while black and gray were used for the skies to display impending doom. The main goals of Romanticism were to portray the battle between man vs. nature and man vs. himself, and also show certain political issues. The types of media used were oil paints and watercolor. The painting...
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...Romanticism Romanticism began in Germany and England in the 1770s, by the 1820s it completely went through Europe, and even captured the attention of the French. It traveled quickly to the Western Hemisphere. It began in the last decades of the 18th century; it transformed poetry, novels drama painting, and other art forms. It was connected with the politics of the time, connecting with people’s fears, hopes and aspirations. Romanticism was concerned with individualism more than with society. The individual mind and especially the individual imagination were fascinating to the Romantics. Writers became increasingly interested in social causes as the period moved forward. Since Romanticism was such an important movement, its themes were seen throughout history. During the Romantic period, the first horror novel was written, poems were associated with death and gloom and music seems to take a dark path. Lyrical ballad was a collection of poems written by William Wordsworth and Samuel Coleridge. The theme of “Lyrical ballads” was the power of nature creating strong impressions in the mind and imagination. The voice in Wordsworth’s poetry was observant, pensive, and aware of the connection between living things and objects. There was a sense that the past, present, and future all mix together in the human mind. Wordsworth changed the ways of Enlightenment traditions of poetry. He instead turned to the Renaissance and the Classis of Greek and Latin poetry for inspiration. His...
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...Rebecca Gomez Human Enlightenment and Romanticism - (HUM 2234) Mr. Luke Leonard The Optimistic & the Tragic Aside from the values defined by the achievements of man through enlightenment in a moral respect, Romantic Heroism transcended as an essential and cardinal influence within Romanticism and the intellectual behaviorism it represented through literary and poetic context. Measured to the degree in which the protagonist reached a complete and full notion of who he was and his purpose, the romantic hero was a representation of the individualist, egotistical, and pompous protagonist whom attained the very ingenious and artistic visions despite the risk, the cost, family, friends, or citizens. The Romantic hero viewed life as a plethora of incidents to break through and be overcome by an act of heroism through visionary will. This very ideal influenced literary romanticism into its respective areas. In regards to the types of imaginative narratives the Romantic period conceived, there were prominently two – The optimistic version and the tragic version both which have sculpted the poetic and literary realms of Romanticism, emphasizing the artistic and philosophical movement which revolutionized the manner in which humans sought knowledge on themselves and of the world around them. Asserting the distinguished and authentic aspect of the individual mind, the Romantic era conceptualized its own unique...
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...Running Head: ROMANTICISM AND REALISM Romanticism and Realism Western Governor’s University RWT Task 1 February 17, 2013 Romanticism and Realism 1. Romanticism was a period starting as early as the 1760s seen not only in the world of art but also in the literary and musical worlds as well. The movement originated during the French Revolution as a contention to the Enlightenment period that centered on science and logic. The movement ranged from widespread Europe to the United States. During this period of time the Industrial Revolution was beginning and people lived in uprising cities with deplorable conditions of terrible sanitation and poor health. Focusing on Romanticism in the realm of art, the initial paintings consisted of landscapes. The need for open space was a reaction to the closeness of people living together in the city. It was very common to find turmoil and storms taking over the canvas. A great summary of the origins Romanticism can be quoted from The Metropolitan Museum of Art as “In Romantic art, nature—with it’s uncontrollable power, unpredictability, and potential for cataclysmic extremes— offered an alternative to the ordered world of Enlightenment thought.” (Galitz, 2000) Artists of this time period would paint pictures that caused the viewers to feel emotion. There were no distinguished characteristics of how a painting was created. Creations during the art period were original from the artists themselves and had no set technical rules...
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...marking the beginning of modern American Naturalism” (poetry foundation). His most famous piece for writing was a poem called The Red Badge of Courage. This poem was about the Civil War and the fear and courage that goes on during the war (poetry foundation). Romanticism poet Nathaniel Hawthorne was an english writer who was born in 1804 in Salem, Massachusetts (poetry foundation). Nathaniel went to Bowdoin college where he first started his writing career. He eventually wrote many American classics including...
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...The Neoclassical era was known as “The Age of Reason” or “The Enlightenment”. This era started in the mid 1700’s. The neoclassical era was part of the Greek and Roman history. The neoclassical era started as a reaction to the former Rococo period. The Rococo art was whimsical and playful. . The artwork of the neoclassical era was morally uplifting and inspirational. The artwork depicted the seriousness of the time, order, reason, tradition, society, intellect and political events. Neoclassical artists wanted a return to traditionalism and to the perceived purity of the arts of Rome. Neoclassical artists felt this would help the people to return to knowledge and a perfect controlled time. Philosophers of the neoclassical era believed that they would be able to control their destinies by learning from and following the Laws of Nature thus giving the name “The Age of Reason”. “France wished to model the government on the high virtues and moral principles of classical Rome. Therefore, neoclassical artists were commissioned to create paintings and sculptures that depicted inspirational scenes from Roman history. Even architecture and interior design began to reflect the neoclassical period” (Neoclassicism | Art Movement). Neoclassical art emphasized courage, order, solemnity, sacrifice, nationalism, and tradition. Neoclassical art is characterized by classical themes. Sometimes the subject's were placed in archaeological settings with people dressed in classical costumes. Neoclassical...
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...FRANKENSTEIN AND BLADE RUNNER EXAM NOTES Module A: Comparative study of texts and context. Comparative: compare and contrast Context: EVERYTHING, values and perspectives ANALYSING MOVIES Cinematographic Editing Frame composition Colour/group/shade Sound/ music Script/dialogue Acting qualities. EXPLAIN How frank represents the context of 1818 are both warnings to the evil of technology And blade runner context of 1982 BLADE RUNNER CONTEXT Ridley Scott is reflecting values by reacting against them. The biggest link that both are dealing with besides the excesses of sciences. -consumerism -industrialism topics being reflected in blade runner -greed -development at any cost Post war era, out of the Vietnam War. Computer industries booming and Ridley Scott reflects this throughout the movie. Los Angeles is filled chosen as an example of industrialism. Economic rationalism- states that the economy dictates everything that happens in society. The Reagan& the Thatcher administration created a free economy whereby the government had less intervention with businesses this in turn created a great class distinction where the rich became richer and the poor became poorer. This idea is reflected in the movie by the idea of “onworld” and “offworld” lands where only the rich can afford to live away from the dead...
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...Noah Robinson Mr.Passan AP European History Per.2 January 17th, 2014 FRQ-5 Before the time of 1850 in the continent of Europe the people underwent periods of Romanticism and nationalism. These two movements in many European countries had strong ties to each other in many ways that could be seen expressed through highly populated countries across the farthest reaches of the continent. Pre 1850, Romanticism and nationalism can be grouped together because both forms of expression were based on emotion, heroism, and devotion one has in a certain thing, whether it be the arts or a country. Certain people such as Beethoven and Victor Hugo were results of such movements across the European continent, both coming from very well-known and high powered...
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