...GROUP- I SERVICES SYLLABUS GENERAL STUDIES AND MENTAL ABILITY (SCREENING TEST – OBJECTIVE TYPE) 1. General Science – Contemporary developments in Science and Technology and their implications including matters of every day observation and experience, as may be expected of a well-educated person who has not made a special study of any scientific discipline. 2. Current events of national and international importance. 3. History of India – emphasis will be on broad general understanding of the subject in its social, economic, cultural and political aspects with a focus on AP Indian National Movement. 4. World Geography and Geography of India with a focus on AP. 5. Indian polity and Economy – including the country’s political system- rural development – Planning and economic reforms in India. 6. Mental ability – reasoning and inferences. 7. DISASTER MANAGEMENT (Source : CBSE Publications) 1. Concepts in disaster management and vulnerability profile of India / State of A.P. 2. Earth quakes / Cyclones / Tsunami / Floods / Drought – causes and effects. 3. Man made disasters - Prevention strategies. 4. Mitigation strategies / Mitigation measures MAIN EXAMINATION (CONVENTIONAL TYPE) GENERAL ENGLISH (X CLASS STANDARD, QUALIFYING FOR INTERVIEW) 1. Comprehension 2. Precis-writing 3. Re-arrangement of sentences 4. Correction of sentences 5. Synonyms 6. Antonyms 7. Filling in the blanks 8. Correction of spellings 9. Vocabulary and usage 10. Idioms and phrases ...
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...Introduction 1. Impacts of deforestation 2.1. Deforestation contributes to global warming 2.2. Deforestation loses biodiversity 2.3. Deforestation impacts soil negatively 2. Causes of deforestation 1.1. Population growth is an indirect reason of deforestation 1.2. Deforestation is rooted by urbanization and industrialization 1.3. Agriculture leads to deforestation 3. Solutions Conclusion References | 111233345567 | Deforestation: A threat against our planet Introduction Forests play an important role in our lives. Not only do they maintain biodiversity, for example providing food and shelters for animals and plants, but they also provide important sources such as food, woods, and herb medicines for human beings. They, moreover, help control climate and prevent soil from erosion. Forests, however, are under threat by deforestation – an act of clearing trees to exploit resources like woods, minerals, medicines and to create land for agricultural activities or space for building facilities, for instance houses, roads, etc. Deforestation is a pressing problem, and it is killing our planet because of many reasons. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impacts of deforestation on our planet, the causes of deforestation, and some necessary solutions to reduce deforestation. 1. Impacts of deforestation 2.1. Deforestation contributes to global warming Deforestation leads to a lot of problems. One of the most...
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...Controversy in Science Think of one area of controversy in science (e.g. GMO; race and intelligence; vaccination of babies etc.). 1. Describe the nature of the controversy. 2. Select a position/ point of view/ stance and 3. Give three (3) reasons for your stances/position There are many controversy topics within science the topic which I selected is Genetically modified organism (GMO’s), their advantages and disadvantages to the environment. Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) can be defined as organisms (i.e. plants, animals or microorganisms) in which the genetic material (DNA) has been altered in a way that does not occur naturally by mating and/or natural recombination (WHO 2015). GMOs GM foods are developed and marketed because there is some perceived advantage either to the producer or consumer of these foods. They are used mainly in the agriculture industry in the production of seeds resistant to pest and diseases and rearing of animals on specific diets. There are ethical issues concerning their use and production. No matter how crucial their uses are, the limitation of the knowledge of modern science as well as the possibility of unforeseen negative effects in the health and the environment are some of the issues being raised up against their use (Biology Online 2009.) I do not support the use of genetically modified organism due to the unknown effects to the environment (biotic and abiotic factors) due to limited research...
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...life. The environment provides a substantial foundation of resources and space to live for human beings; the economy promotes social development and improves the quality of life for people. Thus, human beings make garbage and give it back to the environment; the economy brings a number of severe environmental problems. As a result, most people are debating the relationship between environmental protection and economic development. Guo and Ma (2008) believe economic development and environmental protection contradict each other because economic development is accompanied by environmental deterioration (p.95). However, Metzler, Lecbner, and Hays (2002) contend that economic development and environmental protection can coexist because of the first ecological industry in America (p. 20). In this essay, I will first introduce sustainable development to show the relationship between environmental protection and economic development. Then, I will argue that environmental protection and economic development through sustainable development are not mutually exclusive and provide some solutions in the three aspects of poverty, industrialization, and agriculture. In order to combine environmental protection with economic development, the concept of sustainable development was presented. According to the World Commission on Environment and Development (1987), “sustainable development is development which meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations...
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...Who is most responsible for environmental degradation? Name: Yichang(Kathy) Chen Course: YUELI DY Instructor: Ben Collins Nowadays, environmental degradation has become the current greatest issue all over the world. Many scientists warn that if environmental degradation can not be prevented, one day the earth will suffer destructive disease such as natural diseases and the end of earth without any early warning. A great number of environmental problems now have a serious effect on our world. As globalization is booming, which causes the earth’s natural problems to change into international issues, all nations will suffer great damage and need to keep a watchful eye on environmental degradation. There are some urgent problems which are now affecting the world, and which we need to solve quickly, are acid rain, air pollution, global warming, hazardous waste, ozone depletion, smog, water pollution and so on. It is easy to see that environmental degradation is a serious issue for the whole international community. If we want to solve it, the most principle point we need to research is what causes it. As we know, human beings and nature itself need to carry on the responsibility of environmental degradation as two main parts in the world. Although environment can be changed over time by natural process, it is not ignorable that human activities have great impacts on environment. According to many scientists, compared with natural process, human...
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...to over-production of those agricultural products that were subsidised. Due to the fact that was produced more than could be sold, there was creation of "mountains" and "lakes" of surplus food and drink, which often had to be resold at a loss on world markets.The CAP has been altered several times in order to reduce costs and tackle over-production but there has been only limited success. The CAP have undergone major changes in the past several years. Since 2005 farmers are no longer subsidised, but instead receive a lump-sum called the Single Farm Payment (SFP). Over time agricultural priorities have shifted, with concern over food safety, quality, environmental, plant health, animal health and welfare standards. However, Throughout its lifetime, the CAP has come under heavy criticism, therefore i Will try to analyse in my essay main arguments for and against Common Agricultural policy From the beginning of the European Union, EU policy has given emphasis to the agricultural sector. Personally I think that the greatest advantage of CAP is that European Union looks after its farmers. Since the establishment of Common Agricultural policy in 1962 it aimed at ensuring...
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...means electronic, photocopying, recording or otherwise without prior permission of the author or publisher. Correspondence related to the syllabus should be addressed to: The Pro-Registrar Caribbean Examinations Council Caenwood Centre 37 Arnold Road, Kingston 5, Jamaica, W.I. Telephone: (876) 630-5200 Facsimile Number: (876) 967-4972 E-mail address: cxcwzo@cxc.org Website: www.cxc.org Copyright © 2006, by Caribbean Examinations Council The Garrison, St Michael BB11158, Barbados CXC 07/G/SYLL 06 Content RATIONALE ........................................................................................................................................... 1 AIMS ........................................................................................................................................................ 1 CAREER CHOICES ............................................................................................................................... 2 SUGGESTED RESOURCES ................................................................................................................. 3 – 4 CANDIDATE REQUIREMENT ............................................................................................................ 5 SUGGESTED TIMETABLE ALLOCATION ....................................................................................... 5 ORGANIZATION OF THE SYLLABUS...
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...lightning and got me thinking about probably the world’s biggest problem, overpopulation. The photograph I saw was called Architecture of Density and it was taken by photographer and artist Michael Wolf. The photograph portrayed a massive building in Hong Kong that looked as if it was built to house thousands of people using the least amount of space possible. The apartment building seemed to be designed to have people crammed together with no room to move. Although Wolf’s main focus of his picture was to show viewers that the culture of Hong Kong starts in the homes of the people, I saw Wolf’s photograph as a look into the far more complicated issue of overpopulation, whose effects are currently felt worldwide and are slowly getting worse. Human overpopulation on earth is the leading cause of many of the planet’s problems. Overpopulation is defined as “excessive population of an area to the point of overcrowding, depletion of natural resources, or environmental deterioration”, (Answers). The problems caused by the overpopulation of humans range from the extreme of global warming/climate change, pollution, water shortages, desertification and depletion of other resources to other smaller problems such as deforestation, species extinction and overcrowding. However unfortunately, few governments or government officials around the world are willing to look at the big picture and instead try to solve the smaller problems such as global warming and climate change by looking at...
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...as the Fattening group, including authors Larson & Story and Freeman, believes that the accessibility of industrially produced foods has a negative impact on peoples' health, especially for the low-income. Understanding the health implications of highly accessible industrially produced foods can help guide policy making and personal choices to decrease obesity and food-related disease incidence in the United States. The Necessity camp, including authors Blake Hurst and James McWilliams, agree that highly accessible industrially produced foods are the way of the future and that they make feeding the nation a more attainable goal. Their argument relies on the assumption that without industrial produced foods, the current state of agriculture in America would not be able to supply enough food to meet the demand. This Necessity group argues that it is through technological advancement that food can become both cheaper to produce and healthier in the long run, and the processed foods industry, which makes use of many of these...
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...the twenty-first century. In the present overview, I take a historical glance at how humans supported such extraordinary population growth first through the invention of agriculture and more recently through the rapid deployment of scientific and technological advances in agriculture. I then identify future challenges posed by continued population growth and climate warming on a finite planet. I end by discussing both how we can meet such challenges and what stands in the way. Keywords: Population growth, Agriculture, Domestication, Genetic modification, Technology Background Today we have enough food to meet the world’s needs. Indeed, we have an extraordinary global food system that brings food from all over the planet to consumers who can afford to buy it. The food price spike of 2008 and the resurgence of high food prices in recent years have had little impact on the affluent citizens of the developed world who spend a small fraction of their income on food. By contrast, food prices have a profound impact on the world’s poorest people. Many of them spend half or more of their income on food. During the food price crisis of 2008, there were food riots in more than 30 countries. Unrest in the Middle East and North Africa tracks with the price of food, as is dramatically illustrated in Fig. 1. Spiraling food prices drive the world’s poorest into chronic hunger even in a world of relative plenty. Does this mean we need worry only about poverty, not about the...
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...Sustainability Review Test 1 1) Kenneth E. Boulding—“Economics of the Coming Spaceship Earth” * English (1910-1993), Professor at U. of Michigan, U of Colorado * Economist, educator, peace advocate, Quaker, systems scientists, interdisciplinary philosopher * We are approaching a closed system and how it is going to be tough for us * Neither receivers inputs nor outputs * i.e. self-contained * Today we are in an open mind approaching a closed one * Morals are keeping us in the open for now * Econospherethe total worth of everything we have * Fossil fuel is buried sunshine * Shift from Cowboy Economy—people believe that there are unlimited shits, i.e. like the wild west to Spaceship Economy * Spaceship Economywe have only brought enough food/resources for the people we are carrying and must make it last for as long as we can * Stresses resource management * Doesn’t really consider environmental impact as much as more about conservation * Focuses more on population vs. environmental impact * Entropy (?) * Spaceman Economy living within our means, don’t worship production vs. costs… more conservation concerned * Fracking is a good example of us still in a cowboy mode although we are shifting toward Spaceman * Reference to Ethics—ethics, it is us, it is a plural term… we have an ethical obligation to think of future generations * Solutions at the end...
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... : B.Admin Name of Assignment : Academic essay Topic/Instruction: : Critically reflect on the article provided, and write an academic essay in which you discuss the effects of genetically modified food on South Africans and the economy Name of lecturer : Ms Lutasha Ndesi Name of tutor : Gaynor Godlo Due Date : 6 May 2015 | Marking Criteria | Mark Allocation | Mark Achieved | 1 | Presentation | 2 | | 2 | Introduction and Conclusion | 5 | | 3 | Structure ( Paragraph development: Topic, Supporting and Concluding sentences) | 8 | | 4 | Language | 20 | | 5 | Content | 50 | | 6 | Quotations | 10 | | 7 | Reference List | 5 | | | Total Mark | 100 | | Declaration 1. I know that plagiarism is wrong. Plagiarism is to use another’s work and pretend it is one’s own work. 2. Each contribution to, and quotation in this work that I have taken from the work of other people has been attributed and has been cited and referenced. 3. This submission is my own work. 4. I have not allowed, and will not allow anyone to copy my work with the intention of passing it off as their own work. Signed: …………………………………………… Date: 6 May 2015 1. Introduction Genetically modified food is a widespread problem all over the world. Many years genetically modified foods have been...
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...Sustainability Review Test 1 1) Kenneth E. Boulding—“Economics of the Coming Spaceship Earth” * English (1910-1993), Professor at U. of Michigan, U of Colorado * Economist, educator, peace advocate, Quaker, systems scientists, interdisciplinary philosopher * We are approaching a closed system and how it is going to be tough for us * Neither receivers inputs nor outputs * i.e. self-contained * Today we are in an open mind approaching a closed one * Morals are keeping us in the open for now * Econospherethe total worth of everything we have * Fossil fuel is buried sunshine * Shift from Cowboy Economy—people believe that there are unlimited shits, i.e. like the wild west to Spaceship Economy * Spaceship Economywe have only brought enough food/resources for the people we are carrying and must make it last for as long as we can * Stresses resource management * Doesn’t really consider environmental impact as much as more about conservation * Focuses more on population vs. environmental impact * Entropy (?) * Spaceman Economy living within our means, don’t worship production vs. costs… more conservation concerned * Fracking is a good example of us still in a cowboy mode although we are shifting toward Spaceman * Reference to Ethics—ethics, it is us, it is a plural term… we have an ethical obligation to think of future generations * Solutions at the end...
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...1: Practice Essay Industrial agriculture has shaped American society greatly through intensive farming. To keep up with the supply and demand, farmers must resort to extreme measures to ensure their farms are operating not only to the standards of the FDA, but also to the standard of the companies they are supplying. During the 1970s, there were thousands of slaughter houses that balanced production, while more recently there are only thirteen that controls the majority of the meat processed in the United States. Industrial production of meat and grains have proven to be economically and environmentally unsustainable. Large number of animals raised on limited land, usually inside of confined animal feeding operations or CAFO, are being used...
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...natural resources that we need to survive. The first billion took from the dawn of humanity until 1830. The second billion took only 100 years -- from 1830 to 1930. Three billion more arrived in the next 60 years. The next billion will take only 13 years unless there is a tremendous effort to slow world birthrates. The ideal population of the United States was what it was around 1950, when factors like housing, jobs, and pace of life, crime, and pollution were at comfortable levels. Some say there is a connection between runaway population growth and human suffering. It has been said that while recent environmental victories are very important, they will become meaningless if demand on the earth's resources continues to escalate as it has in the last century. In this essay we will cover concerns such as 1. The human footprint, 2, Renewable energy sources, 3.Water and Agriculture and go over possible solutions. Global Population Concerns The Chair of the National Academy of Sciences Panel on Global Warming calls population growth the driving force in global warming. Birth control and family planning are not available to all men and women. Dr. Nafis Sadik,...
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