...Johnson BSHS/332 October 7, 2013 Bradley Leedy Workplace Ethical Dilemma This paper will present an argument of how the process of do not resuscitate (DNR) results in an ethical dilemma for workers in the healthcare field. In presenting the argument, this paper will also address the following three course learning objectives: 1) explain the legal rights of individuals as they interact with health care services, 2) analyze the monitoring systems that ensure human rights, legal aspects, and quality health care, and 3) analyze selected ethical and legal case studies that have promulgated precedent setting decisions. Even though the physician may believe CPR would be the appropriate decision, “many a deserving patient loses out on the opportunity for such treatment” as a result of an DNR order (Thomas, 2002, 412). Decisions about resuscitation have become a matter of concern and highly debatable issue because the legality of a patient’s right to request DNR. The order must be approved in advance by a written statements signed by a physician upon order of the patient or surrogate in cases which the patient cannot give consent. A DNR order must not confused with giving care, whereas, do not resuscitate does not mean do not give care. “It means a different kind of care that can best be achieved through end-of-life protocols and education” (Field, 2007, 294). The process causes ethical dilemmas for health care workers in several ways. For example, in cases which surrogates...
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...What primary relationships do you see between legal and ethical issues faced by nurses in their practice? How would you explain these relationships to others? What would you say are at least two ethical dilemmas that are often faced by nurses in their daily practice? Explain how accountability and responsibility play a role when nurses face with these dilemmas. One of the most well known ethical dilemmas that nurses can face in their career is their patient's belief system. One example is the familiar dilemma of when a patient has a strong religious belief that interferes with sound evidence base medical practice. For example Jehovah Witnesses forbid blood transfusions under any circumstance. Even when it's the difference between life and death, the answer will always be no blood transfusion. Most knowledgeable and experience nurses will attempt to explain the necessity and benefits of the blood transfusions, but it's also understood that it's the nurse's job to support patient's rights. Nurses often face unique challenges because of the amount of time they actually spend with patients and their family. Nurses are typically the ones who actually witnesses the patient's or family's struggle to make crucial decisions. Most often nurses are engaged with the patient and their family more than any other healthcare provider. One key fact to recognize is nurses bring with them their personal values, which at times can be in direct conflict with what their patient wants...
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...RUNNING HEAD: Book Review Dilemmas, Challenges, and Ethics of Humanitarian Action: Reflections on Médecins Sans Frontières' Perception Project’ – Book Review [Name of the Writer] [Name of the Institution] Dilemmas, Challenges, and Ethics of Humanitarian Action: Reflections on Médecins Sans Frontières' Perception Project’ – Book Review Introduction Ethics comprises key organisational elements in today’s world regardless of the job responsibility that describes oneself and this is why its evaluation is done and relevant implication studied in each sector and industry. Whether it is the provision of humanitarian aid or it is the manufacturing of pharmaceutical drugs, there are certain ethical boundaries that are important to be mindful of so that they are not breached as it comes attached with severe negative consequences. In the light of this argument for the purpose of strengthening it, a book edited by Caroline Abu-Sada named ‘Dilemmas, Challenges, and Ethics of Humanitarian Action: Reflections on Médecins Sans Frontières' Perception Project’ will be reviewed. Discussion As obvious from the book title, Médecins Sans Frontière s' also known as ‘Doctors without Borders’ is used as the case study for the purpose of enlightening the audience of the ethical challenges and moral dilemmas in addition to the ethics that revolve around humanitarian action (Kramer, Soskolne, Mustapha and Al-Delaimy, 2012, a299-301). The prominent theme that characterises...
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...Branding 3 Human Resource Management 4 Human Resource Management Functions 5 Staffing 5 • Trends if Innovations: Measuring Quality of Hire in Today's Environment 6 Human Resource Development 6 Compensation 7 / Safety and Health 7 Employee and Labor Relations 7 Human Resource Research 8 Interrelationships of HRM Functions 8 Dynamic Human Resource Management Environment 8 Legal Considerations 8 Labor Market 9 Society 9 Unions 10 Shareholders 10 Competition 10 Customers 10 Technology 10 Economy 11 Unanticipated Events 11 How Human Resource Management Is Practiced in the Real World 11 HR's Changing Strategic Role: Who Performs the Human Resource Management Tasks? 11 Human Resource Manager 12 HR Outsourcing 12 HR Shared Service Centers 13 Professional Employer Organizations (Employee Leasing) 13 Line Managers 14 HR as a Strategic Partner 14 A Strategic HR Example 16 A Strategic HR Audit 16 Human Capital Metrics 17 Human Resource Designations 18 Evolution of Human Resource Management: Moving into Strategic HR 18 Evolving HR Organizations 19 Scope of This Book 20 • A Global Perspective: Cultural Differences in Global HR 22 SUMMARY 23 KEY TERMS 24 QUESTIONS FOR REVIEW 24 HRM INCIDENT 1: HR AFTER A DISASTER 24 HRM INCIDENT 2: DOWNSIZING 25 NOTES 25 PART TWO: ETHICAL, SOCIAL, AND LEGAL CONSIDERATIONS 28 Business Ethics and Corporate Social Responsibility 29...
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...Is it important that the organization’s ethical values support your ethical values? Explain. Ethical values according to “Businessdictionary.com” (2013), is “The set of established principles governing virtuous behavior” (Ethical Values). An organization sets ethical values for employees to follow and ensure the facility sustains a good reputation. However, it is vital for an organization’s ethical values to support or mirror the values of its workforce, and it is even more important for management to live by the organization’s ethical values. According to Silva (1998), “Values and ethics are not only central to an organizational culture but also to positive organizational performance” (Organizational and Administrative Ethics in Health Care: An Ethics Gap). In today’s society is becoming more important for an organization to make ethical decision and be socially responsible consequently ethical values are going from an option to a legal priority. Organizations have the daily dilemma of doing what is ethical and what will bring more profit to the corporation. In making these decisions organizations sacrifice their ethical values for profit leaving their employees and customers with negative views of the organization. According to Brimmer (2007), four factors to include when creating a values-based culture include shared core values, common language, commitment at the top, and moral courage” (The Roll of Ethics in 21st Century Organizations). Values an organization...
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...there are not or cannot be ethics in business, or that business in some sense is unethical. In some sense, it is not surprising that some thinks this way as there are countless scandals involving undesirable business activities happening nowadays. Examples of notable scandals as according to (Garrison et al. 2008) includes Enron, WorldCom, Global Crossing, and Tyco International. As according to (Crane and Matten,2007), unethical business practices such as exploitation of workers, pollution of the environment, bribery, and deception of consumers has been going about business today. Thus as according to (Watson 1994), majority of businesses do require the maintenance of basic ethical standards such as trustworthiness, teamwork, and truthfulness. Without it businesses would not be able to proceed smoothly as consumers no longer trust vendors while employees refused to comply with employers. In short, as according to (Crane and Matten 2007), business ethics is the study of right or wrong in activities, situations, as well as decisions within a business environment. In this report, a study based on Toyota's business ethics in which includes dilemmas faced, overcoming it, as well as best practices. Toyota is an appropriate choice as it is undoubtedly a multinational...
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...duty to do the right thing, or be socially responsible, but this is especially true in healthcare where the very foundation is preserving life and doing no harm. This report will consider environmental, ethical leadership, organizational viability and legal aspects pertaining to Metropolitan Hospital and make recommendations for a corporate social responsibility (CSR) strategy in each area. A.1. Environmental Considerations and Recommendations Healthcare has a tremendous impact on the environmental footprint. Consider the amount of waste the healthcare industry produces; the EPA estimates that hospitals produce 7000 tons of waste per day (Sustainable Healthcare, n.d.). This waste includes regulated medical waste (infectious, biohazardous or red bag waste), solid waste, hazardous waste, recycling, pharmaceutical waste and construction or demolition debris. Some of these wastes have a direct effect on global warming by releasing harmful greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. Harmful greenhouse gases (GHG) that hospitals produce include carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide and fluorinated gases such as sevoflurane, isoflurane and desflurane. Incineration and landfill disposal of solid waste causes carbon dioxide to be emitted into the atmosphere. Methane, with six times the global warming capacity of carbon dioxide, is also a by-product of landfills. Nitrous oxide and fluorinated gases are common anesthetic gases used every day in the hospital (Tracking and managing, n.d.). Of...
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...educational, and socio – demographic implications can bring serious impact on access to quality healthcare in the organization. Labor shortage will stay an important component that can affect as well the access to quality care. Socio – demographic changes linked with chronic illnesses can have an effect on the aging population, which may reduce the quality of life, increase costs for healthcare and rise resource allocation. In point of fact, both labor shortage and socio – demographic changes are exactingly dominant in the admittance to quality care in the United States. Besides, the demand for registered nurses and changes in science is already exceeding supply in U.S. nation, including more implications associated with other ethical dilemmas. Healthcare Labor Shortage People have to realize that progresses in medical technology, increasing expenses and market forces provide to the financial decline of many rural healthcare organizations. In reality, small rural healthcare suppliers, particularly hospitals, cannot meet the costs of the equipment and practitioners needed to treat the range of modern syndrome and injury. In fact, coronary bypass surgery, complex trauma care, artery repair, and other compound procedures will call for enthusiastic remedial teams, utensils, equipments, and facilities as imperative demand. In reply to research library database a coalition stated, “The Center to...
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...Ethical Dilemmas in Global Health Care: Cosmetic Surgery on Children Grand Canyon University NRS-437V November 13, 2011 Ethical Dilemmas in Global Health Care: Cosmetic Surgery on Children Nationally and internationally public awareness and concerns regarding cosmetic surgery on children is increasing (Kitiparnchai & Then, 2011). The United States of America had over 36,000 cosmetic procedures on children just in 2009 (Kitiparnchai & Then, 2011). These elective cosmetic procedures include: rhinoplasty, breast augmentation, otoplasty, liposuction, tummy tucks, and westernizing eye surgery (blepharoplasty) for Asian children (Kitiparnchai & Then, 2011; Ouellette, 2009). Blephroplasty widens the eyes of Asians, and is even performed on newborns (Ouellette, 2009). There is no specific law that blocks the use of plastic surgery on children (Ouellette, 2009). The American Academy of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery code of ethics states merely that surgical operation should not be performed if it is not calculated to improve or benefit the patient (Ouellette, 2009). The Australian Medical Association position statement on body image and health states that “ patients under 18 years of age should not have procedures to modify or enhance physical appearance, unless it is in their medical and or psychological interest” (Kitiparnchai & Then, 2011, p. 514).There is no explanation by either of these entities on how we should determine if it is in their medical and or...
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...Analysis of an Ethical Dilemma Part Two NRS-437V Ethical Decision Making in Health Care Grand Canyon University Today’s world is filled with endless controversial arguments, ethical debates, and a constant clashing of varying perspectives and outlooks. This is especially relevant to posthumous reproduction, which has sparked many disputes in the global world. Even in our own social circles, the viewpoints on posthumous reproduction tend to be varied. Additionally, posthumous production raises many moral, legal, and ethical concerns. Currently, hospitals do not have a strong ethical stand on posthumous reproduction, but recently they have been forced to develop policies regarding consent, and other legal practices. The following are four interviews done by the writers’ involved four different individuals, a hospital administrator, spiritual leader, healthcare colleague, and a friend. The writers also came to a resolution of dilemma based on research. The information presented is based on the ethical dilemma of a child dying, the parents desire to harvest the child’s eggs for the opportunity to conceive another child or treat any potential genetic anomalies. One of the researchers interviewed the hospital administer where she works. Regarding "posthumous reproduction", the administrator stated that the hospital offers this advanced technology to spouses of patients who meet criteria. The administrator agreed...
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...Comprehensive Strategy Assessment April 2nd, 2016 MBA 6024 Organizational Strategy Date: 04/03/2016 To: Terri Bell, Vice President of Strategy From: CC: Vincent DeFazio, DM Subject: Comprehensive Strategy for Procter & Gamble Executive Summary Procter and Gamble (P&G) which began as a soap and candle company, has now become one of leaders in the Global Household and Personal Industry products. P&G has now grown to a company with ten core categories: Baby Care, Feminine Care, Family Care, Grooming, Oral Care, Personal Health Care, Hair Care, Skin and Personal Care, Fabric Care and Home Care (www.us.pg.com). Their products reach consumers in over 180 countries. This paper will look into the company’s main strategies and some of the struggles they are encountering. Also included in this paper are the company’s internal strengths and weaknesses, external opportunities and possible outside treats. Furthermore, it will recommend some strategies that will help continue to grow the company. Strategy Assessment Procter and Gambles emphasizes five core strategies that set them apart from their competitors: products, operations, social responsibilities, employees, and stakeholders. They strive to manufacture products that not only satisfy the consumer but are also helpful in improving the environment. In 2015, seven of their ten core categories were leaders in the industry and the other three were number 2. Operations strategy is classified into three categories:...
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...The Future Challenges Facing Health Care in the United States Gregrey McDaniel Professor: Manuel Johnican, PhD Strayer University HSA 500 11 June 2011 Identify and describe at least three of the most difficult issues facing health care in the United States today. One of the most difficult issues facing the United States health care system is combating diseases. Even with mortality rates continuing to decrease and with life expectancy rates continuing to increase, these trends are masking concerns with specific diseases, injuries, and population groups. The diseases that still give us a formidable challenge include many varieties of cancer, some kinds of infectious diseases, and influenza. The second difficult issue is health disparities. These disparities are widespread. Differences in how patients receive treatment and the access to treatment are measurable through financial, physical, and attitudinal indicators. Disparities affect all groups of our population. These disparities are related to race, sex, language, genetics, age, and income. We all could benefit from a more efficient system which removes or minimalizes disparities. The third difficult issue facing the health care system in the United States is paying for health care. In the United States, we have had insurance as the biggest payer of health care for many years. There has been evolution in the types of insurance and how they manage aspects of the business. Insurance companies have been held...
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...ETHICAL DILEMMA CJS/211 September 1, 2014 Michael Raneses ETHICAL DILEMMA EBOLA VIRUS Ebola virus appeared in Sudan, Zaire in 1976. The very first outbreak of the Ebola virus was named Sudan Ebola virus and it infected over 284 people, killing 53% of its victims. Another strain of the infection came infecting 318 people; this strain was called the Zaire Ebola virus. It had the highest mortality rate of 88%, and at this time the researchers were not able to pin point where the Ebola virus had originated from. The third subtype of the virus is known as Reston-Ebola and was identified in1989 when it infected monkeys that were being imported to Reston, Virginia from Philippines. The virus also has infected some of the patients, but the patients did not develop the Ebola hemorrhagic fever. The fourth subtype had occurred during 1994 when an ethnologist was during a necropsy on a dead chimpanzee. The ethnologist accidentally infected herself while she was performing the necropsy on the chimpanzee. Ebola has become more prevalent in Africa, where there is an outbreak. The Ebola virus is worsening in West Africa and the director of the Center of Disease Control and Prevention urge traveling warning to any person that may be going any of the three West Africa countries that have been hit by the outbreak. Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone the disease have killed all together more than 700 individuals this year alone. This outbreak can become a “global pandemic”...
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...Unit I: Question 1 Review the ethical cycle (page19). Discuss a decision you have made (at home or in the workplace), and describe the steps of the cycle in relation to your decision making process. Now review the section on rationalizing unethical behaviors (page 25). What is the relationship between the ethical cycle and the three simple ethical tests used for business decisions? Question 2 List and discuss in depth the three teleological frameworks and the three deontological frameworks. What are the advantages and disadvantages of each? Of these six frameworks, with which one do you most associate? Question 3 Discuss the eight ethical principles in the Global Business Standards Codex. Using these principles, describe an example of a company that does follow one of these principles, and then describe an example of a company that does not follow one of these principles. Question 4 Review Table 2-1 in the textbook, which relates to the myths about business ethics (page 23). Select three myths, and discuss why they represent a general misunderstanding about business ethics. Question 5 Examine the three simple tests identified by the Institute of Business Ethics (page 25). Use these tests, and discuss a decision you made dealing with ethics. Unit IV Question 1 What part should the government take in ensuring that corporations are environmentally “friendly”? Fully discuss your answer. Question 2 Discuss the concept of environmental sustainability. Discuss the challenges...
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...Ethics in Healthcare Jessica Christian Medicolegal and Ethical Issues 2/3/13 According to our book, Health Care Ethics, ethics is the branch of philosophy that seeks to determine how human actions may be judged right or wrong (p.1). Also the study of ethics is a branch of philosophy that implies that the human mind is the fundamental means by which actions may be judged. According to Google the definition of ethics is the moral principles that govern a person’s or group’s behavior or the moral correctness of specified conduct. If I were to define ethics according to what I believe, I would have to say that ethics are honesty, respect, fairness and consideration. To be ethical means to take every single aspect into consideration and to be fair in making decisions, especially when you are involving another human being. Another way of being ethical is respecting someone’s rights and doing what is right for them based on their situation. Ethics are different in every society, for example, “Whistle blowing”, pointing out peer who are doing wrong is normal in America and there are even hotlines set up in the workplace to call. Although in France it is considered to be a bad thing to single your peers and it is frowned upon by many. According to the website www.ucl.ac.uk, Ethics in healthcare deals with the choices we make and our actions in relation to those choices. It deals with the choices made by both clinicians and patients and the duties and obligations of clinicians...
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