...Applying Ethical Frameworks in Practice Adetutu S. Toyin-oke Applying Ethical Frameworks in Practice Under what circumstances is one allowed to break patient-nurse confidentiality? As a nurse one may think of a few personal situations where they had to break that confidentiality. Ethical framework such as the nightingale pledge and ethical principles stated in nursing textbooks were meant to provide guidelines on how to most appropriately treat people in the healthcare field; however, when ethical framework is applied to nursing practice, a nurse may run into many implications. Ethical implications What are the implications of a breach of confidentiality? Well, the most obvious consequence is that the patient will not be able to trust her nurse or maybe even all nurses in general. In Pamela G. Nathanson’s article, Betraying Trust or Providing Good Care? When is it okay to break confidentiality?, She depicts a story of a nurse who is in an ethical dilemma. This nurse promised two teenage patients “who [were] reluctant to enter into care that no matter what they tell her, she will not divulge any information to the patient's parents or to anyone else (Nathanson, 2000).” However one of these two patients tested positive for HPV. A physician advices this nurse “that not only should she inform Andrea's parents of her diagnosis, but that she should also inform the girls' school since it has become a ‘public health issue’ (Nathanson, 2000).” According to Nathanson, “If confidentiality...
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...nurse, who belongs to the Jain community, considers eating non-vegetarian food and any root-crops is unacceptable, whereas an Indian nurse of Christian or an Islamic religion would perceive it to be just normal to include them in their diet. For the nurse, who follow Jainism it is despicable, but the Christian or Muslim nurse would believe that they are the essential components of their daily diet. Such code of ethics of an individual is developed and refined from the social and cultural background from childhood to adulthood. Every human being initiates to develop ethical standard or character virtually from birth. As they go through developmental phases, they are taught right from wrong, generate empathy for others through interactive observations and understand as to how to behave in a style that is appropriately. They cultivate different perceptions, philosophies, cultural outlooks and distinct ethical concepts, as they go through real life experiences. I attained the basic knowledge of life basically from my parents, church, schools; right from kindergarten, books and from personal reflections. The principles and morals developed over time shaped me as what I am today and help me to interact effectively in society. Some folks follow heroes and heroines as a role model. Specific values, doctrines, political outlooks are formed throughout the developmental stages in everybody’s lifetime. Personal, Cultural and Spiritual Values which Contribute to My Worldview and ...
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...and optimization of health and abilities, prevention of illness and injury, alleviation of suffering through the diagnosis and treatment of human response, and advocacy in the care of individuals, families, communities, and populations. A metaparadigm is a concept that is extremely general, one that serves to define an entire world of thought. "Meta" means "that which is behind," in Greek, and refers to that which under-girds something else, serving as a conceptual basis. In her seminal (1984, cited in Slevin) work, "Analysis and Evaluation of Conceptual Models of Nursing," Jacqueline Fawcett developed the basic four metaparadigms of nursing. More recently, these have been revised by Basford and Slevin (2003) and serve to underpin the entire conceptual universe of the nursing profession. 1. Person * This paradigm refers to the sick individual not as a "patient," but as a "subject," a person in the full sense of the word. This includes families and social groups that have come to define the person as such. This person is unique and autonomous, and should be treated as such. A real person is not a mere object of professional care and surveillance. 2. Health * Like all meta-concepts, health is immensely general. It does not deal with health in a strictly clinical manner. It concerns nurses as medical professionals (rather than as mere adjuncts to doctors). At the same time, it defines "health" in abstract terms, in that health is "negotiated" and...
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...Reihing RN CEN Grand Canyon University NRS – 437V Ethical Decision Making in Healthcare Professor Terri Bond November 10, 2013 Maintaining Patient Confidence: An Overview of Nursing Aspects Maintaining a confidence with another person has always been a sacred trust and duty within the medical community. It was important enough that it is in both the Hippocratic Oath and the Nightingale Pledge. The nursing oath not only looked at the patient’s privacy but the family unit as well. The foundation of trust and respect is built upon the notion that the patient can tell their medical provider whether it is a nurse or doctor anything and it will be kept private. Patients expect the medical community to maintain that duty. There are situations when confidentiality may conflict with other ethical ideals. A breach of confidentiality occurs when a medical professional discloses information that the patient reasonably expects to be private. When a confidence is divulged, it then is reasonable for the patient to assume that anything they have disclosed revealed. It is a sign of disrespect to the patient that the nurse would make known medical information that they would reasonably expect to be consider private. This type of breach can destroy a bond of trust developed between the patient and their clinician. If the patient does not believe their information is confidential, they might not disclose certain aspects of their health history. This withholding of information may have...
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...NUR 159 Class Information and Procedures B-1 NUR 159 Class Information and Procedures NUR159ClassInformation 3/10/2014 NUR 159 Class Information and Procedures B-2 CLASSROOM BEHAVIOR Refer to Classroom Behavior in Student Nurses Handbook TESTING INFORMATION AND PROCEDURES 1. Silent Test Reviews: Silent test reviews will be conducted after each test. Refer to Test Security in Student Nurses Handbook for further information on test reviews. Students may also schedule individual test reviews with their seminar leader. 2. Test Make-up Policy: Refer to Test Security in Student Nurses Handbook for further information on test make-up. 3. Make-up of Final Exams: In the event that a student misses the final exam for the nursing course, the student will receive a grade of incomplete or “I” for the course. Refer to the Course Grades policy found in Student Nurses Handbook. 4. Collaborative or Group testing activity: An opportunity to add a maximum of two points to individual test scores may be earned through a group testing activity. Two points will be added to individual student scores if the group activity score is 91 and above. One point will be added to individual student scores if the group activity score is 81 through 90. No points will be added to individual student score if the group activity score is 80 and less. Group testing will be conducted as follows. a. After taking the exam, individual test scantrons will be collected. The students will keep the test booklet...
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...known as the “Philippine Nursing Act of 2002); WHEREAS, in the formulation of the Code of Ethics for Registered Nurses, the Code of Good Governance for the Professions in the Philippines was utilized as the principal basis thereof: All the principles under the said Code were adopted and integrated into the Code of Ethics as they apply to the nursing profession; WHEREAS, the promulgation of the said Code as a set of guidelines, regulations or measures shall be subject to approval by the Commission (Sec. 9, Art. II of R.A. No. 9173); and WHEREAS, the Board, after consultation on October 23, 2003 at Iloilo City with the accredited professional organization of registered nurses, the Philippine Nurses Association, Inc. (PNA), and other affiliate organizations of Registered Nurses, decided to adopt a new Code of Ethics under the afore-mentioned new law; NOW, THERFORE, the Board hereby resolved, as it now resolves, to promulgate the hereunder Code of Ethics for Registered Nurses: ARTICLE I PREAMBLE SECTION 1. Health is a fundamental right of every individual. The Filipino registered nurse, believing in the worth and dignity of each human being, recognizes the primary responsibility to preserve health at all cost. This responsibility encompasses promotion of health, prevention of illness, alleviation of suffering, and restoration of health. However, when the foregoing are not possible, assistance towards a peaceful death shall be his/her obligation. SECTION 2. To assume this responsibility...
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...Applying Ethical Frameworks in Practice Grand Canyon University: Ethical Decision Making in Healthcare Lisa Firkus October 27, 2013 Applying Ethical Frameworks in Practice Care providers strive to provide care that is patient focused that maintains confidentiality and respect. This paper is about the maintenance of patient confidentiality and the trusting relationships that must be maintained between the patient and the healthcare providers. Ethical Implications of Breaching Confidentiality Patients seek care and treatment in hopes of receiving confidential, unbiased, honest, and respectful treatment. They also expect that care providers maintain their personal values and beliefs related to their care. As healthcare providers, everyone has the responsibility to uphold the confidentiality of patients. Patient confidentiality includes information about the patient that is collected based upon what the patient reports and what the physician enters in the medical record. In a situation where confidentiality has been breached, serious implications can arise. A breach in confidentiality can result in a failure to respect patient's autonomy and poses a form of betrayal (Ministry of Ethics, 2012). The betrayal that can result in legal implications such a HIPPA violations but an even greater ramification can be the distrust of the patient and family in the caregiver and the healthcare system. Patients may also question the care provider's true intentions including values...
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...Analysis of an Ethical Dilemma Part 1 Grand Canyon University April 26, 2013 Analysis of an Ethical Dilemma Part 1 Voluntary and assisted euthanasia have been and will continue to be one of the most controversial ethical debates in the medical field. Euthanasia stems from the Greek language: eu meaning good and thanatos meaning death. The practice of voluntary euthanasia is when the patient requests to die but someone else has to perform the act, for example removing the patient from all life-sustaining equipment or giving a lethal injection. Where as the definition of assisted suicide is a physician prescribes a lethal dose of medication and the patient on his or her own will have to perform the act of consuming the medication to cause death. There are many ethical implications that arise from either option. “In the balance are crucial issues: personal autonomy, dignity, compassion, ending suffering, protection of the vulnerable, promotion of good palliative care, and redefinition of the role of the physician in death and dying” (Van Norman, (2012). It is imperative for nurses to be conscious of their obligations professionally, educated on the laws surrounding the issue, who the stakeholders involved are, the impact on social values/morals, and the ethical theories and principals involved. Nursing Obligation According to the American Nurses Association nurses are never allowed to have any part in euthanasia, such actions would be a direct violation of the...
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...Applying Ethical Frameworks in Practice Grand Canyon University NRS-437V Ethical Decision Making in Health Care Practicing Ethical Framework Ethical framework plays an important role in the moral decision making process in health care to determining ethical dilemmas and solution to it. The protection of the patient’s confidentiality is the keystone of effective health care. However it is very important to have a balanced approach with the need to use this information with other contexts. Maintaining the confidentiality of the patient’s information is the responsibility of everyone involved in health care. Sometimes many groups have rightful reasons for seeking access to the patient data which includes law and enforcement agencies, medical professionals, policy makers, researchers etc. There are also certain situations where a health care provider has to breach the confidentiality for the best interest to save a young person or to avoid a serious harm. This paper explores the situations which are ok to break the confidentially with the help of the article “Bioethics on NBC’s ER: Betraying Trust of Providing Good Care? Ethical Implications of a Breach of Confidentiality All medical professionals are required to maintain the strict confidentiality of patient’s health care data. The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 protect the security and privacy. Breach of confidentiality is unethical or illegal according to Hippocratic oath and American Medical...
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...Applying Ethical Frameworks in Practice Ethical dilemmas are situations that nurses frequently encounter in their profession. It can involve two or more different courses of action that can’t both be acted on, placing the agent in an uncertain position (Purtilo & Doherty, 2011). Ethical dilemmas place the agent with two different courses of action that leading to two very different outcomes. Ethical dilemmas include one’s own personal values, beliefs and sense of right and wrong. When a nurse is faced with this sort of dilemma, they will need to examine their own beliefs and values. The ethical dilemma being presented in the paper is a six year old who a minor. The physician must legally get consent from the child’s legal guardian to proceed with medical care. The person who has primary custody of the child is not the child’s biological mother and is citing her religious beliefs to denying treatment. However, the biological father lives in another state and wants to seek treatment. It is the custodial mother’s right to deny treatment, and the biological father’s right to want to seek treatment, hence both choices that can end in two very different outcomes. When a difficult case like this arises and a decision must be made quickly, it is vital that a decision that is the most ethical and the best approach to solving the ethical situation at hand. The decision making model that will be used and discussed in the paper to solve this ethical dilemma process that includes...
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...Personal Ethics Reda Rodich Grand Canyon University Personal Ethics Ethics is a theory or system that includes the study of moral philosophy which includes the specific moral choices to be made by a person or the members of a profession, or moral principles and values that have standards of right and wrong actions and behaviors. The Code of Ethics for nurses, adopted by the American Nurses Association has set forth standards of practice that are essential in the ethical practice of nursing (ANA, 2001). To practice nursing ethically, nurses must be sensitive enough to recognize when they are facing seemingly obscure ethical issues in everyday work. Practice of virtues such as wisdom, honesty, and courage reflect a morally good person and promotes the values of human dignity, well-being, respect, health, and independence. Moral integrity is the foremost quality that an ethical nurse can have. A person with moral integrity is described as honest, truthful, trustworthy, courageous, and wise. One of the greatest challenges in the nursing profession is how to integrate personal values and beliefs with the patient’s values and beliefs that they are caring for. The nurse’s spiritual and moral beliefs come into play while interacting with the patient (Brydie, 2007). This can be a useful tool in promoting the well-being of the patient and to help them to better cope with their disease process. In other words, treat others as you would want to be treated. By completely acknowledging...
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...what they do as an essential thread of contemporary health care provision. The main essence of practice oriented discipline is the application of the theories on your activities of daily living. Nursing exist to provide nursing care for clients who experience illness, as well as for those who may experience potential health care problems. Nurses deal with peoples human condition and their responses to health and illness. Nurses help in monitoring the living experience of people as they deal with health and illness while caring for them. Nurses who care for patients in primary health care settings may have to structure their encounters in more creative ways to increase their understanding of the daily life processes and the integrated patterns of their clients responses to health and illness within an context of limited time. Conducting comprehensive assessment, medical histories, performing daily activities such as blood pressure monitoring, administering medication and carrying out treatments. The on-going relationships with nurses’ prompts clients to share their experiences in more relative dialogues, allowing more details, meaning and history that make their health and illness experiences more understandable and allow for more congruent plan of actions. 2.2 Nursing as a health- oriented discipline Nurses practice in a growing variety of settings and nursing roles continue to expand as the focus of nursing care expands. Current nursing philosophies and theoretical...
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...language and behavior that has instilled how things ought to be and society has accepted. (Purtilo & Doherty, 11/2010, p. 6) I am a practicing Catholic, which deeply influences how I respect life and how I contribute to the community in which I live. Christian values and morals are guiding principles, which help us lead our community and make it strong. As stated in the Bible, “In order for God’s word to take root, believers must do more than merely listen to it. They must act upon it.” (King James, 1:17-18) Simple guiding principles such as these lead us in life, community and our professions. When we provide care we are not only using our clinical skills we are using moral ethical thought to assist us in what is right or wrong for our patients. Has the physician really listened to what the patient is stating their desires are? We are with our patients continuously listening and adapting the care we provide. Secondly, God has provided the gift to conceive and ending life during development prior to birth is a well-known societal controversy today. “Human life must be respected and protected absolutely from the moment of conception. From the first moment of his existence, a human being must be recognized as having the right of a...
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...of Missouri—St. Louis. Faculty and staff are dedicated to providing nursing education that prepares graduates as professionals to practice in generalist nursing roles, advanced nursing roles, and as nurse scientists in all health care systems. All academic programs reflect the faculty’s beliefs about nursing, clients, health, environment, and nursing education. The faculty believes that nursing is a profession and an academic discipline possessing a scientific body of knowledge that requires critical thinking, problem solving, and informatics. The primary function of nursing is to educate and assist the client to promote, protect, maintain, restore, and support health, or, to provide for a peaceful death. As a profession, nursing encompasses moral, ethical, legal, and scientific dimensions. Nurses are accountable to society for their practice and responsible for functioning within economic, legal, and moral/ethical parameters. Nursing practice is both theory and evidence based, using theories from nursing and other related disciplines. Nurses synthesize and apply knowledge from the arts, sciences, and humanities in nursing practice utilizing interpersonal communication to meet the complex and multidimensional needs of the client in a variety of health care settings throughout the metropolitan area and beyond. Through leadership and strategic partnerships, this knowledge is further integrated into nursing as research is conducted, disseminated, and used to guide nursing practice...
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...The foundations of Human Development in the Social Environment Gerald Aiello December 2, 2013 BSHS-325 University of Phoenix Bonnie Evans-Miles Human behavior is categorized by the bio-psycho-social dimensions of human development. These dimensions are biological, psychological and social factors. The building blocks of biology is in the genetic and hereditary make up of an individual. These hereditary genes can be found in the deoxyribonucleic acid or DNA. The social aspect of human behavior can be developed by the culture of the individual’s family or community. Some of the aspects of behavior a person has cannot be controlled by the individual and must be recognized to understand behavior. Some aspects of behavior are not categorized in this model. An example of this is moral or ethical behavior. The diversity of the human population, such as people from different ethnic and cultural backgrounds, can be understood using the strength perspective. This tool can help a person to understand the other person’s ability to communicate with verbal and nonverbal gestures. It recognizes the diversity of these populations and their resources. As a human service worker develops, they can become proficient in the cross culture communication. This assists in communicating with different families, groups, individuals, or communities. To be proficient in communicating with ethnically diverse populations some key skills of listening and observing are required. This...
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