...Animal testing has been recognized as one of the most controversial bioethical issues within the 20th to 21st century. Bioethics can first be defined as the study of the ethical and moral implications of medical research and practice. The major issue that has risen over the last century is whether or not animals should be tested in scientific or commercial purposes. Is it ethical to perform specific experimentations on various animals, if that animal is faced with life and death situations? Some individuals in our society say yes while others say no. Animal testing has remained to be a global issue for a very long time now and people wonder if this issue will ever come to an end. Animal testing has been researched and experimented with more...
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...the people who are involved in making decisions about health issues. Recently, Pfizer has had some problems (they failed to take over the British company AstraZeneca, much to the chagrin of many) and scandals that are usually associated with pharmaceutical companies like animal testing, testing drugs on children to mention but a few. In 2012, it also paid about $60 million to settle charges of bribery. A lot of multinational/global companies make very good case studies on ethics and Pfizer is one of those. Using your research of the company complete the following questions; 2.1: Explain how Pfizer’s objectives are affected by ethical considerations . (M1). You are required to explain Pfizer’s corporate objectives and how they are affected by ethical considerations. Consider; response to ethical pressures, implementing ethical practices, public image, UK Law, EU Law, mission and vision of the organisation along with corporate objectives, ethical considerations, etc. 2.2: Using the explanations from the 2.1, evaluate the implications for Pfizer and their stakeholders to operate ethically . (M1, D1). Give explanations on Stakeholders and their interests and evaluate the implications: good or bad/ pros and cons for Pfizer to operate...
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...Assessment activity 37.1 P1, P2, P3, M1, M2 and D1 P1 -In this assignment I will be explaining how Next deal with the ethical issues of the 21st century and how they run their factories in foreign countries. Firstly I will be explaining what Next’s ethical viewpoint is, as a company Next work hard to pursue a code of ethical standards throughout their global supply chain, seeking to ensure the integrity of any product carrying the Next trademark and the health and safety of all workers involved. Next identifies and engages with suppliers whose practices are consistent with Next’s own code of ethical standards. Through Next’s international team they work closely with Next’s suppliers to help achieve ethically correct working standards. There are 10 key principles to Next’s code: * No child labour * No forced labour * Freedom of association * Healthy and safe working conditions * Reasonable wages and benefits * Equal opportunities * Employment security * Respectful treatment of employees * Effective management system Secondly I will be explaining the aims and objectives of the business- The primary objective of Next is to deliver long term returns to shareholders through a combination of a steady growth in earnings per share and payment of cash and cards in store or online. Next believes this objective is best achieved by continuing of the following strategies: Improving and developing Next product ranges, success in which is measured...
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...a discount which would save the company money by not having to buy more supplies. The Body Shop also created a company with strong values that customers stood by which was the reason their success. Legal- the Body Shop avoided animal testing and used all natural ingredients to avoid any lawsuits. They knew the products were safe since people have been using them for years. Ethical- Anita Roddick, owner of The Body Shop, reflected her personal ethical beliefs into her work. She was against animal testing and made a great effort to make sure her company and the suppliers also felt the same way. She also wanted her employees to fit a certain image and hired accordingly, some could argue this can cause some ethical problems. Philanthropic- The mission statement of The Body Shop is “To dedicate our business to the pursuit of social and environmental change” and the entire company was based around this. They contributed a part of their earnings to environmental change. Roddick shared her information about certain products with other companies in hopes of reducing animal testing. She preached to her customers about animal rights, environmental causes and spread her message. Some tensions arise from the components of corporate responsibility. Anita’s ethical and philanthropic values were reflected in her hiring procedures. This can cause some legal actions taken by applicants who thought they were given and unfair advantage. Some other tensions could arise between the economic and...
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...The Body Shop Cosmetics: Evaluating The Influence of Social Media in the Business of Socially Conscious Cosmetics Mbalia Albatul Kamara CAPELLA UNIVERSITY MBA60004 Introduction The cosmetics industry persists because of the female demographics’ need for and quest for a youthful appearance. Thus the use of the Internet to advertise a company’s products and share information with its consumers has made the business industry very accessible to people around the globe. And it has also influenced the means to which companies market their products and communicate with their customers. As such there is no truer industry where digital communications and social media interactions between the customers and their preferred brand is of utmost importance than within the cosmetic industry. According to Richardson, Gosnay and Carroll (2010), E-marketing allows companies to more specifically attract new customers, to adapt to the needs of their customers and most importantly strengthen their brand and reinforce the relationships with existing and new customers. Therefore access to social networks such as YouTube, Facebook and twitter has broaden the scope for digital interactions; these networks allow companies to build their own fan pages for customer interactions where they can ask questions, give feedback, and comment on the company’s activities (Schmidt & Birkhoff, 2013). This paper will examine the cosmetic company: The Body Shop (TBS) and explore the efficacy of...
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...………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 1 Table of contents ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 2 1. A brief description of the technology and an explanation of the associated science (Mariella Velasquez) ………………………………………………..……………. 3 2. Psychological considerations and sociological effects (Mariella Velasquez) …………. 3 3. The historical development and context of the technology (Wesley Rupe) …………. 13 4. Political and legal influences (Mark Young) (Not Complete) 5. Economic questions and considerations (Jawad Rana)………………………………….…… 21 6. The technology in its cultural context, media influence (Charles Taiwo) (Not Complete) 7. Implications for the environment (Charles Taiwo) (Not Complete) 8. Moral and ethical implications (Layli Stroia) ……………………………………………………..… 30 Outline A brief description of the technology and an explanation of the associated science Definition: What is Genetic Engineering? Genetic engineering (GE) is the process of manipulation of an organism genome to create a new DNA. The new DNA might be implanted in a totally different DNA species. It is widely used to create hybrids (some species are not able to naturally breed), correct genetic flows in any type of being. It is applied in fields such as agriculture, industrial, medicine and pharmaceutical. (Aldridge, 1996). As Primrose explained, gene manipulation involves the creation and cloning of artificially created DNA (recombinant...
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...have there origins in ethics, ethical behaviour, by individuals and business go beyond legal requirement and are discretionary, that is to say we can choose to follow them or not. Businesses have not always behaved ethically and many still do not. This unit examines what pressures there are on businesses to behave in an ethical manner. Learning outcomes On completion of this unit you should: 1 Understand the meaning and importance of ethics in the business world 2 Understand the implications of businesses operating ethically 3 Know the social implications of business ethics 4 Understand ethical concerns facing different communities. Context: You have been asked to research and draw up a report explaining business ethics for an organisation that is about to be floated on the stock exchange. The report will demonstrate an understanding of ethical business behaviour; the implications of it and why it is increasingly seen as such a serious issue for more and more businesses. P1 explain the ethical issues a business needs to consider in its operational activities. • Begin by explaining your own understanding of the term “ethical issues” explaining some of the examples given below. • You must explain how these influence an increasing range of business activities. Operational activities: definitions of business ethics; ethical activities; values of businesses; professional ethics; individual ethical behaviour Ethical issues: corporate governance;...
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...have there origins in ethics, ethical behaviour, by individuals and business go beyond legal requirement and are discretionary, that is to say we can choose to follow them or not. Businesses have not always behaved ethically and many still do not. This unit examines what pressures there are on businesses to behave in an ethical manner. Learning outcomes On completion of this unit you should: 1 Understand the meaning and importance of ethics in the business world 2 Understand the implications of businesses operating ethically 3 Know the social implications of business ethics 4 Understand ethical concerns facing different communities. Context: You have been asked to research and draw up a report explaining business ethics for an organisation that is about to be floated on the stock exchange. The report will demonstrate an understanding of ethical business behaviour; the implications of it and why it is increasingly seen as such a serious issue for more and more businesses. P1 explain the ethical issues a business needs to consider in its operational activities. • Begin by explaining your own understanding of the term “ethical issues” explaining some of the examples given below. • You must explain how these influence an increasing range of business activities. Operational activities: definitions of business ethics; ethical activities; values of businesses; professional ethics; individual ethical behaviour Ethical issues: corporate governance;...
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...services and products for livestock and poultry. From its humble start IDEXX grew from a small workshop on the Maine coast to their current size of over 6,000 employees in 60 countries throughout the world. IDEXX was incorporated in 1983, and continued to grow, eventually expanding global operations to their European headquarters in Hoofddorp, The Netherlands. IDEXX is split into three main lines of business, Companion Animal Group, Livestock and Poultry Diagnostics, and Water. Additionally. IDEXX also created SNAP tests for the detection of antibiotic drug-residue found in dairy milk, as well as optical spectrum (OPTI) point-of-care analyzers. These analyzers measure blood gases, electrolytes, acid-base balance and more parameters. IDEXX is always working to maintain their status as the market leader in veterinary diagnostic and research projects. The purpose of this paper is to examine IDEXX’s high potential for impacting health and society through its divisions, as well as their impact in the technological, economic, environmental, political, legal and ethical areas. As large multinational company IDEXX’s potential influence is vast and their responsibility to societies has grown. Using the STEEPLE analysis we will examine these topics and discuss how IDEXX is currently impacting these areas, and explore what strategies IDEXX can employ to improve their company through Human Resources Management (HRM). Social IDEXX Laboratories still has a very small, family run business...
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...valuable and sacred, as a religious doctrine in the Ten Commandments: “Thou shalt not kill.” Moreover, when people talk about ethics, they will think about rules to differentiate right and wrong. It might be wise maxims of Confucius or religious beliefs. The most general way to define “ethics” is that “moral principles that govern a person's or group's behavior” (American English in Oxford Dictionary). Bioethics is a pretty young interdisciplinary study, which is considered with ethical questions related to the relationships among human beings, animals, and environments in the late twentieth century. Based on this, bioethics derived three main subdisciplines, which are medical ethics, animal ethics, and environmental ethics. Although each sub-discipline has particular study area in bioethics, there still are overlaps of ethical considerations and approaches. This makes it difficult to easily discuss ethics questions such as stem cell research, xenotransplantation, the ethical status of animals and the ethical status of the environment. Further discussion about the vital issue of moral status solutions is necessary at the same time. In the rapid development of the natural sciences and biotechnology has greatly promoted better living conditions and improve the living standards of people around the world. On another hand, there are opposite consequences, like water and air pollution, nuclear waste, tropical deforestation, as well as large-scale livestock farming, as well as special...
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...Genetic testing is currently available for more than 1000 conditions, and it is increasingly considered an integral component of mainstream health care (Burke, 2004). Furthermore, many genetic tests are now being marketed directly to consumers. The increased availability of genetic testing may result in a wider distribution of the benefits of testing, such as decreased uncertainty, the chance to avoid passing on a gene mutation to future generations, increased psychological well-being, and greater awareness of available treatments or risk-reducing strategies, but it may also contribute to an increase in the risks associated with genetic testing, such as decreased individual and family well-being; increased depression, anxiety, guilt, stigmatization, discrimination, and family conflict; and unnecessary or inappropriate use of risk-reducing options (Riper & Gallo, 2005). Money is maybe the most important driving force in the modern era of biotechnology. Genome and genetic findings have been given also financial value. The possibility to test for genetically-based individual susceptibility provides new ideas for marketable products. In an industrial worker, a metabolic polymorphism that causes an increased risk for cancer would create an avoidable financial burden in industry and insurance companies. The involvement of such financial aspects brings along several ethical implications in genetic research. The first aspect is the motivation of scientists that...
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...Genetically Modified Animals Animals with special characteristics and traits have been cross breed through sexual reproduction for many years, but with the increasing of technology, scientists can now create animals directly from gene modification. Genetic modification is described as the science used to change the characteristics of an organism genetic component and manipulate the deoxyribonucleic acid structures using technology. “Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is nucleic acid that carries hereditary information about traits of an organism and carries the instructions for all the characteristics that organism inherits, it consist of two chain of nucleotides twisted into a double helix” (Starr, C., Evers, C. A., Starr, L. 2013). Genetically modified animals are made from embryonic stem cells carrying two copies of gene one from the male and the other from the female. Scientists cut and join DNA from different sources then transfer it into the organism so it has the modified genes and from that procedure, a new set of genes is created. Manipulating the DNA and transforming certain gene to create a new life is called recombinant DNA (rDNA) technique. Scientists use recombinant DNA technique to modify the chemical inside the nucleus of a cell which carries genetic instructions from one organism to another and to improve specific characteristics of an animal or to introduce a new trait that is resistant to diseases and may enhance the growth of animals. In addition, the changes introduced...
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...rise to many ethical as well as social reactions from the public opinion, non-governmental organization, and the media. This paper aims at providing some insights into this dilemmas, ethical concerns, and the tradeoffs which have been expressed concerning biotechnology over the last decade. It will focus on a few major objects from different sectors that have raised the general attention. A large part of the public opinion agrees and is optimistic about the ability of biotechnology to help and change the quality of life. However, there are visible differences that have been pointed out by global support that aims at moderating the biotechnology use. The Reasoning of Opposing Perspective on Ethical Issues within the Field of Biomedicine The regulation and development of biotechnology has triggered many discussions from various academic fields like the law, economics, politics, and even the history. Specifically, however, the science of genetic engineering of plants, animals, human beings, and all living cells has brought about ethical concerns and various issues to the forefront. Technology has made possible many advancements in biomedicine such as the cloning of the sheep- Dolly, the genetically engineered tomatoes, and the cloning of the human embryo. All these advancements have seen different reactions all in the name of ethics. The classical division existing between the society and science doesn’t seem to revolve when biotechnology is viewed through an ethical lens. Indeed...
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...|BTEC Assignment Front Sheet | | |Learner Name: | | |Qualification: |BTEC Level 3 Extended Diploma Business | |Units Covered: |Understanding Business Ethics |Unit Numbers: |37 | |Assignment Issue Date: |w/c 11/05/15 |Assignment Due Date: |w/c 01/06/15 | |Duration (approximately) | | |I certify that the work submitted for this assignment is my own. I have clearly referenced any sources used in the work. I understand that | |false declaration is a form of malpractice. | |Learner’s signature: | |Date: | / / | Assessor’s signature in this grid indicate which criteria have been awarded |Unit No. |Criterion |Assessor Signature |Criterion |Assessor...
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...composed of cells from two or more species. Specifically, human-animal chimeras are research organisms whose tissues and organs contain both human cells and their own types of cells. In many experiments, human stem cells are injected into an embryo of another animal in order to create human organs. Xenotransplantation still has yet to be tested, especially in regard to immune rejections, but it provides hope for those who are in desperate need of an organ transplant (Agnew). Chimeras are not only limited to organ transplantation. Besides organ transplants, chimeric organisms are excellent for testing possible treatments...
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