...enhancing drugs (also known as PED) are legal and illegal substances used by professional athletes to enhance their performance. Performance enhancing drug use by professional athletes is a topic of medical, ethical, and social debate. PED usage by professional athletes has advocates arguing that the negative health consequences reported are grossly exaggerated and they contend that it’s an athlete’s personal decision to accept any potential harmful health hazards. They believe that performance enhancing drug usage is just part of a sport’s natural progression and nothing more than the incorporation of enhanced training approaches and new sport technologies. Additionally, they believe that the use of PED by professional athletes helps them to achieve the highest levels of athletic performance and puts a better product before the public. Opponents of performance enhancing drug use by professional athletes argue that their usage is extremely harmful, and possibly lethal to an athlete’s well-being. Such use makes a professional athlete a fraud, gaining an unfair competitive advantage, violating the competitive spirit of athleticism, and sending an immoral message to youngsters. Opponents further argue that the use of performance enhancing drugs by professional athletes is unethical behavior. PED use is one of the most controversial and talked-about issues in professional sports. The professional sports most impacted are baseball, basketball, and football, which give the PED...
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...Ethics in Sports PH201 Choosing and Using Values April 24, 2012 Competitive sports have a tremendous impact on our culture, influencing the values of millions of participants and spectators. When you look at the definition of sports in the dictionary, it is described as “a physical activity that is governed by a set of rules or customs and often engaged in competitively” ("The American Heritage®," 2003). The fundamental idea of sport is character building, teaching the virtues of dedication, perseverance, endurance and self-discipline. Sports are an important part of life; it can bring people to together. In some cases give people a purpose. This is why it is important that sports are played properly and good ethics and values are shown. It is better to teach this to children, so it’s with them as they grow up. Sports are supposed to help us learn not only from defeat but from victory as well and in team sports we learn the importance of co-competiveness and moral values. This is also true when analyzing sports in real life. People participate in sports for different reasons. Some participate as a recreational thing or a pastime, while others participate in a sport as an industry or a business environment. Sports have been a huge public interest dating back to the gladiator fights and the early ages. The results back then were decided by an emperor, but today we have rules and regulations with umpires,...
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...the future of professional sports and the potential for long-term injury. This is especially true when looking at traumatic brain injuries in professional athletes. Health care professionals are facing conflicting obligations in working for professional organizations and athletes. They have the ethical dilemma of whether to try to get the athlete back onto the field as quickly as possible, as long as they are healthy. That being said, with concussions and the recent findings on CTE, the long-term effects of such injuries could be damaging. Thus, it creates a complex dilemma for leagues and health care professionals on how to avoid this issue. This is especially rampant in the NFL. Although there have been some changes in concussion protocol, helmet-to-helmet hits, the moving of kick-offs by five yards to reduce concussions in the league, protection of defenseless receivers, and others, players still constantly are affected by unavoidable injuries. There is a huge dilemma at play as the NFL and players are making tons of money every year. It is very difficult for athletes to retire to avoid such injuries, as the game that they play may be the only thing that they know. It may well very be their only stable source of income as...
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...Ethical issues regarding the use of Performance Enhancing Drugs in Sports In the history of 20th century sports, specifically in the post World War 2 era, there has been an ever increasing use of performance enhancing drugs in all avenues of sport. Sports have become money making machine for both athletes and big business and the “win at all costs” attitude which has permeated itself into all aspects of professional and college level athletics. Winners make money, losers don’t. The temptation of fame, notoriety and million dollar contracts in all venues of sport is a lure for many athletes. Elite professional athletes are worshiped in today’s society. This paper will elaborate on the use of performance enhancing drugs in the sporting world and the associated sports ethical issues. It is a majority belief in all sporting circles that the “true” spirit of sportsmanship does not allow any aspect of performance enhancing drugs. There are several arguments both in favor and against the use of performance enhancing drugs which will be presented and discussed in this paper. While addressing this ethical issue, we need to define the term ethics. Ethics can be defined as the socially accepted norms and values. These norms and values are varied from society to society and are based on culture and tradition. Ethics also could be defined as the unsaid, un-written and understood laws that prevail in a society. Ethics also cover what is right and what is wrong in society and teaches...
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...of Professional Wrestling is one of America’s greatest sports and entertainment. The biggest sports and entertainment company, globally, is World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE). Wrestling is the oldest known sport in the world. I would not call WWE or any of today’s pro wrestling a sport. It has gotten away from actual competition and concentrating on the story telling aspect and has become a soap opera. The cultural issue within the global organization that affects this organization’s interactions outside the United States is female wrestlers. It is unethical and has always been unethical in the eyes of society to have women in the ring. Yes, it does sell in the entertainment business, but young children watch the good guys fight the bad guys and then the half-naked females come out and roll around on the mat and show off their skimpy outfits. As with the United States, other countries have issues with women wrestlers. Some cultures across the globe would not allow their women to do that. It is always WWE or other wrestling organizations who promotes their own women wrestlers while that company is on tour in other countries. The women from other countries, such as Iraq would not let their women embarrass themselves because it would disrespect their women to entertain in such a way. There are female amateur wrestlers in Iraq, India and globally because there is competition and it is a sport. It is the exploitation of the sexuality with the women where the ethical issues lie...
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...that happened between Ray Rice and his now wife that happened in the casino elevator but the events that happened after that incident is where the ethical and moral issues come into play. In the article it discusses how the Ravens supported Rice at first but then changed their mind after the video was released. From the article the Ravens said they heard a “softer” version of the events that happened in the elevator. I’m not sure how a story about an NFL player hitting his wife can be made into a “soft” version. I think that the Ravens had known all along of what...
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...Table of Contents 1 The Ethical Issue – Whether to Pay NCAA Football Student-Athletes 3 1.1 The Case For Maintaining the Current System - Not Paying NCAA Football Student-Athletes 4 1.2 The Case For Paying NCAA Football Student-Athletes 6 1.3 Conclusion 11 1.4 References 13 The Ethical Issue – Whether to Pay NCAA Football Student-Athletes Top college football programs make hundreds of millions of dollars in revenues each year, all without having to pay the people who actually play the game. Is it ethical for colleges to not pay their football stars for playing their hearts out on the field, building popular branding images for themselves and their school, and for the collective big-money earnings and prestige that often comes to their schools? Or is indirect payment to these players in the form of a free undergraduate education and college degree through an athletic scholarship sufficient enough? In the 2012 NFL season, 1,947 players played in at least one game. Of those, 62% attended college at one of the five “power conferences” in the U.S., and only one of those players did not attend college at all.[i] Donald Remy, the NCAA chief legal officer has said, “The NCAA’s rules do not force athletes who wish to be professionals to enroll in school,”[ii] yet premier NCAA schools clearly offer the best path to fulfilling these hopeful football players’ dreams. Nevertheless, despite the more opportunistic path of attending a Division...
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...Drug use has reached an all-time high in the sports arena. The need to succeed, be among the elite, financial gain, and the pressure to win are some of the many reasons that drugs are found in sports today. Drugs in sports range from therapeutic drugs, performance enhancement drugs, and recreational drugs. Drugs in sports are found on various levels of competition such as: high school, college, and professional sports. High school athletes' are using enhancement drugs so that they may receive a college scholarship, collegiate athletes' are using drugs so that they make it to the professional level, and professional athletes' are using drugs to make sure that they stay among the elite. Drug use in athletics have led to suspensions of players, athletes being banned from that particular sport, and ultimately death. There are many reasons for using drugs in sports, with performance enhancement being one of the top reasons, but no one will ever understand why athletes risk their career and lives. A concern for the public is the fact that athletes assume these risks just to be among the top competitors of sports. Drugs are a danger to the health of athletes. Drug use to enhance performance is unethical, and using drugs is illegal in today's society. Drugs in sports is unethical because the focus of winning and succeeding overshadows the real reasons for playing sports such as the love for a sport, natural talent and ability, and hard work to be among the elite. Athletes are thinking...
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...Drugs in Sports, the Ethical Choice In May 28, 2002, former Major League Baseball player Ken Caminiti admits to Sports Illustrated in the article “Caminiti Comes Clean” that he used steroids during his 1996 National League MVP (most valuable player) season with the San Diego Padres and he estimated that half of the players in the big leagues were also using steroids. He later died of a heart attack at age 40 where it was ruled by the New York Medical Examiner that drugs are a factor in his death. In October 5, 2007, track star Marion Jones admits to use steroids during the 2000 Olympic Games where she won three Gold Medals and two Bronze Medals. She was later sentenced to six months in prison for lying to the court and stripped off of all of her medals. Throughout history, there have been many stories of athletes using performance enhancing drugs, but none more than in the last 20 years. As technology advances in science as well as the media, more drugs has been engineer to enhance performance as well as the test to detect such drugs, as the results get to the hands of the media, the entire world would be at noticed in a manner of minutes. The fact is that performance enhancing drugs have existed since the time of the ancient Greek during the original Olympic Games from 776 BC – 393 BC. The question is why should we care? If most athletes are using it, is it a plain level field? And why is the government involved? Should the government be involved? Let’s examine the issue and conclude...
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...Steven N. Blair, an Exercise Scientist and Professor from University of South Carolina, and Dr. Gregory A. Hand, Dean of West Virginia University School of Public Health. The ethical dilemma which arose regarding this company was its omission from their website and initial marketing efforts to disclose who their funders were. It turns out that Coca-Cola had made a substantial investment to the nonprofit organization and the schools of which the founders are affiliated with. When questioned, Dr. Blair stated it was an oversight and was corrected. The fact that GEBN is funded by Coca-Cola to promote their findings seems extremely unethical and makes me think that Coca-Cola is an ethically decoupled organization, putting sales over the well-being of its customers. I am going to apply Kidder's Ethical Checkpoint to identify a possible solution: Checkpoint 1: Recognize that there is a moral issue GEBN’s oversight not listing their funding sources may have been a true oversight on their part. However, when reading the article, it shows that the website for GEBN is actually registered and administered by Coca-Cola. Coca-Cola who has a clear interest in their results supporting the notion that exercise alone could reduce your weight without reducing calories. As such, the oversight now has more ethical considerations depending which entity was responsible for the oversight. Checkpoint 2: Determine the Actor Dr. Blair admitted to the mistake and stated that the website...
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...Northwestern football players are determining their fate through this secret ballot and their decision to form the first union amongst college athletes—a decision that has the ability to change the landscape of American college sports. If granted the right to unionize, the Northwestern football team will actually have the ability to bargain over their conditions and it is expected that this could ultimately lead to requesting salary compensation for their efforts. In light of these recent historic discussions, it is critical to analyze not only the ethical, but also the economic impact of such potential situations. My research paper has been structured to shed some light into the challenging and complicated discussions that continue to occur around this topic. Specifically, I have broken my research and analysis into three key topics. First, I explore whether or not there is an underlying issue with the current state, from an economic perspective. Specifically, I answer various questions around whether or not there are economic impacts currently or projected in the future, with not paying college athletes. Before diving into the specifics of this topic, it is critical to determine if there is an actual problem and if there is, define the underlying issues leading to the concern. Additionally, this portion of my research discusses...
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...newly technology, the data mining. The ultimate goal of data mining is to obtain knowledge from the large database. It helps to discover previously unknown patterns, most of the time it is followed by deeper manual evaluation to explain and correlate the results to establish a new knowledge. It is often practically used by government, bank, insurance company and medical researcher. A general basic idea of data mining would be introduced. In this article, they are divided into four types, predictive modeling, database segmentation, link analysis and deviation detection. A brief introduction will explain the variation among them. For the next part, current privacy, ethical as well as technical issue regarding data mining will be discussed. Besides, the future development trends, especially concept of the developing sport data mining is written. Last but not the least different views on data mining including the good side, the drawback and our views are integrated into the paragraph. 1. Introduction This century, is the age of digital world. We are no longer able to live without the computing technology. Due to information explosion, we are having difficulty to obtain knowledge from large amount of unorganized data. One of the solutions, Knowledge Discovery in Database (KDD) is introduced. KDD works by select the source, pre-process followed by data mining, some unknown patterns are able to be discovered. After that the result allows us to investigate further base on the results...
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...lot of financial, economic, management and HR practices need to be addressed in setting up a club club (Keighley, 2010). In this light, the paper will dwell on the economic side detailing the mandatory resources, and procedures. With this knowledge one can smoothly run a successful tennis club. The most emphasized aspect to a club is hiring a professional management team for the club (Sprecher, 2016). Coaches and managers with proficient qualifications should be hired to drive the business aspect of this venture. A coach is instrumental in nurturing talent and lessening negative experiences (Perris, 2000 ). The study further analyzes budgeting for initial set up cost, recurrent expenditures, cash flows and profitability of the club. It accounts for resources such as salaries of administrative stuff, purchase of equipment, maintenance of facilities, organization of competition, petty cash and consultation services. Therefore we cannot overlook the need for sponsorship, endorsement, talent scouting, income generating activities and premise location (Norman, 2013).The study doesn’t fall short in identifying ethical and discipline issues regarding tennis and its players. Lastly the study highlights the importance of priming and visualization in promotion of player’sperformance. Literature review Limited researches have been done to establish the criteria of setting up tennis...
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...Pay for Play: An Ethical Analysis of the Student-Athlete Compensation Dilemma Group 2: Julie Burnett Christopher Fincham Revati Kailasam Catherine Kondo Teresa Seim Ethics and Professionalism in Accounting Andrew Dill ACG 6835 Fall 2013 Introduction The college sports industry is a large industry in America which is estimated to produce $797 million dollars for the 2012-13 season (NCAA). Of these millions, not one penny will go to any of the 400,000 plus college athletes under NCAA rules (NCAA). This however, was not always the case. Prior to the formation of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) in 1906, student groups frequently hired players without the stipulation that they must also be students at the university (NCAA). Due to these circumstances and poorly regulated play that often led to injuries, the NCAA was established to provide a safe and fair ‘playing field’ for student-athletes. However, today this regulatory board is not seen as beneficial by all members of society, and is especially negatively scrutinized by top performing student-athletes. In 2005, NCAA Football had an estimated total attendance of over 43 million compared to the NFL of over 17 million, while NCAA Basketball had estimated total attendance of over 30 million compared to the NBA of over 21 million (Humphys, 2008). Despite having more viewers, college athletes received no pay while professional players earned millions. This has prompted college athletes to argue...
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...Ethics - Ethics Imagine a 15 year old student in philosophy class. After discussing why should you or shouldn't you judge other societies, and getting in depth with ethics, the teacher decides to tell a story to the class. She says"..there is a tribe in the Amazon(Brazil) were they show love and respect by cutting body parts.It would be a good sign if your father cuts a finger of a son...." she then asked the class ".... if you end up in the Amazon, would you stop a father cutting a sons finger because in your society is wrong.... Ethics - Ethics Ethics is a topic in which many people or groups of people tend to disregard. There can be many reasons supporting the decisions that business firms or individuals make. In many cases, money or monetary gain can influence people to do unethical things either in the workplace or in everyday life. Ethics can be defined as beliefs that distinguish right from wrong. These beliefs are normally passed down from family so you make the right decisions in the future. Morals are also on the same line as ethics when talking about doing the right thing.... Ethics Officer - ... A code of ethics also helps to empower employees to report unethical behavior witnessed by coworkers or executives within the corporation. Ethics Administrative Agency Another proposal is that the government needs to form an organization that will strictly investigate any serious claims of unethical behavior. Many people may argue that the government already over regulates...
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