...Qualification suite covered | Edexcel BTEC Level 3 Diploma/Extended Diploma, Health and Social Care | Assignment title | Life Stages | Unit number and title | Unit 4:Development Through the Life Stages | Assessor | Kelly Ocloo | Learning aims covered | On completion of this unit a learner should:1. Know the stages of growth and development throughout the human lifespan 2. Understand the potential effects of life factors and events on the development of the individual 3. Understand the physical and psychological changes of ageing | Context | The study of lifespan development is about understanding the way we change over time. In this unit you will be able to identify some patterns in the course of human development and a range of factors that will influence how your life turns out. You will also need to make up your own mind about some very deep questions. Will you have a fixed life course where you can predict much of what will happen to you? How far is your life fixed for you by your genetics or by the social and economic environment you grow up in? How far can you choose to control your own life and can you try to ensure a happy old age? | Overall Scenario | As part of your work experience you have been asked to produce a fact file to show your understanding of the different life stages. You have been asked to discover as much information as possible about a family member (Parent, Aunt, Uncle, Grandparents) or a high profile person, to describe the...
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...CERTIFICATE IN HEALTH AND SOCIAL CARE UNIT 4 DEVELOPMENT THROUGH THE LIFE STAGES Unit abstract Knowledge of human growth and development through the life stages is important for learners who are considering careers in the health or social care sectors because it will assist understanding of the needs of individuals at different stages of life, including their potential care needs. It will also help you understand the influence of unexpected events on patients/service users and their families. This unit enables you to gain understanding of different life stages and how people grow and develop. It requires you to reflect on the importance of a variety of factors and major life events on the development of individuals, and to consider the nature-nurture debate. The unit also allows you to gain an insight into the ageing process and to understand both positive and negative perspectives on ageing. Learning Outcomes On completion of this unit you should: 1. Understand human growth and development through the life stages 2. Understand how life factors and events may influence the development of the individual 3. Understand physical changes and psychological perspectives in relation to ageing HOW THIS UNIT WILL BE ASSESSED To reach Pass level, the evidence must show that the learner is able to: P1 describe physical, intellectual, emotional and social development through the life stages P2 describe the potential influence of five...
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...number and title | |Edexcel BTEC Level 3 Diploma in Health and Social Care (QCF) |Unit 4: Development Through the Life Stages | |Learner name | Assessor name | | |Hayley Vincent | |Date issued | Hand in deadline |Submitted on | |9.11.15 |23.11.15 | | | | | |Assignment title |Ageing | |Criteria |To achieve the criteria the evidence must show that the learner is able to: | |reference | | |P4 |Explain two theories of ageing | |P5...
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...[pic] BTEC Level 3 Subsidiary/Diploma in HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE UNIT 4 DEVELOPMENT THROUGH THE LIFE STAGES Name : …………………….. Target Grade ………………. Current Grade ……………… January – April 2014 |Pass |Merit |Distinction |Attempted |Complete | |P1 – Produce a series of posters that|M1 : Write a report that discusses |D1 : As a conclusion to your report, |P1 | | |describe physical, intellectual, |the nature – nurture debate in |evaluate how nature and nurture may | | | |emotional and social development for |relation to the development of the |affect the physical, intellectual, |M1 | | |each of the life stages of an |individual |emotional and social development of 2| | | |individual | |stages of the development on an |D1 | | | | |individual | | | |P2 – Using examples from someone’s | | |P2 | | |life, explain the potential...
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...will be about ageing explaining two theories (Disengagement & activity theory) I will explain what these theories are. Disengagement- This is a theory that older people will need to withdraw from social contact with others. Older people will disengage because of reduced physical health and loss of social opportunities having them withdrawn from involvement. Authors put forward this disengagement theory that older people would naturally tend to withdraw from social involvement with others as they get older; older people would have restricted opportunities to interact with others due to reduced health and social opportunities. Activity theory- It has been argued that older people needed to disengage, but that they also needed to remain ‘active’ in order to prevent disengagement going too far. Bromley said ‘It is not sufficient merely to provide facilities for elderly people. They need to be educated to make use of them and encouraged to abandon apathetic attitudes and fixed habits.’ Too much disengagement would lead to ‘stagnation’ and a loss of mental and physical skills. Elderly people need to stay somewhat engaged in social activity to avoid becoming completely isolated from society. M2- Discuss two major theories of ageing in relation to the development of the individual. I will be discussing two major theories of ageing (disengagement & activity theory) and discuss at which point my chosen celebrity might disengage or stay actively involved with social activities as...
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...P4- Explain two theories of ageing. M2- Discuss two major theories of ageing in relation to the development of an individual. D2- Evaluate the influence of two major theories of ageing on health and social care provision. In this assignment I will be talking about two different theories of ageing. The two different theories of ageing I will be talking about are, disengagement theory and the activity theory. I will also be talking about the impact that one of these theories have had on my individual, (Muhammad Ali). Also I will be talking about the different services that are available to help overcome these theories. P4: Explain two theories of ageing Disengagement Theory: Disengagement theory states that in every society, the elderly undergo a process of adjustment in which they leave important public roles and narrow their social world to family and friends. This process benefits societies by avoiding the potential disruption of its key members dying suddenly. It also enables individuals to die without the stress and strain of fuller participation in social life. http://sociology.about.com/od/D_Index/g/Disengagement-Theory.htm According to Stretch and Whitehouse (2010), the definition of disengagement theory is, a theory that older people will need to withdraw from social contact with others, older people will disengage because of reduced physical health and loss of social opportunities. The disengagement theory was developed by Cummings and Henry in the...
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...M2. Discuss two major theories of ageing in relation to the development of the individual In this assignment I will explaining the two major theories of ageing which are disengagement activity theory according to my chosen celebrity and discuss if she might have any changes as she gets older Disengagement is the theory where the elderly naturally withdraw from all social engagement with others they saw their restraint possibilities. My chosen celebrity is Marilyn Monroe and probably remain socially active for a long time since her career is acting and she will not stop performing until she reaches retirement, so it would still be active and not withdraw from the social activity, however Monroe did not live past the age of 33 and this could not have been certain. She could have stop at any point her career and become a person withdraw from social life. Marilyn Monroe being in an acting career would stay socially active for a long while. As Monroe would be acting she would not have stopped until departure, this would mean Monroe would still be active and less withdrawn from society, however because Monroe did not live past the age of 33 this could not have been certain. Monroe may have stopped her career and became socially withdrawn faster than what was prophesied. Activity theory is a major theory that demonstrates that the elderly need to disengage but at the same time they should remain active to prevent the disengagement of going too far or become uncontrollable. Otherwise...
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...Unit 4: development through life stages Task 1 P4: Explain two theories of ageing Social Disengagement Theory The social disengagement theory is a theory that was discovered in 1961 by William Henry and Elaine Cumming and it claims the beliefs that as people get older and become more fragile (elderly), they would naturally tend to withdraw themselves from social involvement, being less active and restricting themselves from interacting with others. http://www.wisegeek.org/what-is-the-disengagement-theory.htm (Pearson education limited, 2010, pg170). However this is not the case for all ageing individuals as reasons for their disengagement may not be the result of the theory. For example, ill health of an individual may be the reason they become less sociable as it may prevent/restrict them from doing things and interacting with people how they would’ve before. In the case study we learn of Martha and Catherine, two elderly individuals of 80 who out of choice live in sheltered housing due to physical disabilities and as looking after their own home is too stressful, who have taken to the theory in different ways. The social disengagement theory hasn’t yet affected Martha fully or her look on life as she enjoys interacting with others in the home she lives – ‘there are always people to talk to and sometimes we get together to play cards’. Martha says ‘I like to get out and walk in the park as much as possible in order to stay fit’, while however she said she ‘couldn’t cope...
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...P4: Explain two theories of ageing (use examples to fully explain what each of the theories are.) This work I am going to be doing is explaining two theories which are disengagement and activity theory. Disengagement theory: This is a theory that in most societies elderly people go through a process of adjustment. They reduce their social time with their family and friends and vice versa. This theory was formed by Cumming and Henry, because according to them “ageing is an inevitable, mutual withdrawal or disengagement, resulting in decreased interaction between the aging person and others in the social system he belongs to”. Disengagement tends to be required rather than voluntary. It was said that disengagement was popular and this was believed that it explained how people prepared for death at times. They have reduced health and social opportunities. Activity theory: It was proposed in 1972 by Lemon, Bengtson & Peterson. Activity theory challenges that staying mentally and physically active keeps old adults happy and stops disengagement from going to far. It was Bromley that said ‘It is not sufficient merely to provide facilities for elderly people. They need to be educated to make use of them and encouraged to abandon apathetic attitudes and fixed habits.’ If there was too much disengagement then this would lead to lack of progress and defeat of mental and physical skills. Old people need to stay to a certain degree engaged in social activity so they avoid becoming...
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...FOREWORD In a span of only five years, the population of the Philippines grew by 7.7 million – from 68.8 million in 1995 to 76.5 million in 2000. During this period, the population growth rate (PGR) was 2.36 percent per year, which means the population doubling time will be within 29 years if the rate does not decline (NSO, 2001). Side by side with rapid population growth is poverty, which still grips about a third of the country's 15.3 million households (NSO, 2001a). This Country Report is timely in that it revisits the link between population/development and poverty, environment, and resources. The Report has two purposes. First, it intends to review the Philippine population/development situation, including issues of reproductive health and gender equity, from the perspective of goals affirmed in the Bali Declaration, the ICPD Program of Action and other related documents. The report's second purpose is to highlight priority population issues in the context of alleviating poverty and improving the quality of life of Filipinos. To reduce poverty significantly within the coming decade, the Philippines must face the challenge of building the capacities of its vast human capital. Only in this way can Filipino families, especially the poor, meaningfully, responsibly, and productively participate in the development process. CONTENTS |FOREWORD ...
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...BTEC First Award in Health & Social care [pic] Course handbook September 2012 onwards Dear Student Welcome to the BTEC First award in Health & Social care You have chosen this course and this handbook is designed to give you an insight into how the course will be run. The BTEC first award is a 120 guided learning hour course which will give you a vocational qualification. It will give you the knowledge, understanding and skills to help prepare you for employment or to lead on to further areas of study. The course consists of 4 core units for the complete qualification which have specific learning outcomes. Three units have been broken down into assignment tasks which form part of a number of central assignment briefs. In addition, there will be an external examination to assess the remaining unit. The tasks cover different assessment criteria and are designed for you to produce finished pieces of work which also compliment and act as learning tools for each other and produce a complete interrelating body of work. As the course is vocational you will be visiting places of work, meeting and working with practising scientists and learning how to develop science with a set purpose. You will be able to discuss and evaluate the progress and end results of your work. You will also look at a variety of issues within the health and social care sector. The assignment tasks will be assessed and internally verified by your teachers and an external...
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...BTEC First Award in Health & Social care [pic] Course handbook September 2012 onwards Dear Student Welcome to the BTEC First award in Health & Social care You have chosen this course and this handbook is designed to give you an insight into how the course will be run. The BTEC first award is a 120 guided learning hour course which will give you a vocational qualification. It will give you the knowledge, understanding and skills to help prepare you for employment or to lead on to further areas of study. The course consists of 4 core units for the complete qualification which have specific learning outcomes. Three units have been broken down into assignment tasks which form part of a number of central assignment briefs. In addition, there will be an external examination to assess the remaining unit. The tasks cover different assessment criteria and are designed for you to produce finished pieces of work which also compliment and act as learning tools for each other and produce a complete interrelating body of work. As the course is vocational you will be visiting places of work, meeting and working with practising scientists and learning how to develop science with a set purpose. You will be able to discuss and evaluate the progress and end results of your work. You will also look at a variety of issues within the health and social care sector. The assignment tasks will be assessed and internally verified by your teachers and an external...
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...a PEST analysis Tools and Techniques Undertaking scenario planning ➜ Main Reference Schoemaker, P.J.H. (1995). Scenario planning: a tool for strategic thinking. Sloan Management Review, 36(2), 25. Learning Objectives After completing this chapter you should be able to: • Define what constitutes the general environment • Evaluate the role of scanning and monitoring in detecting environmental trends • Apply scenario planning to decision making in uncertain environments • Evaluate PEST as a framework for analysing the macro-environment • Explain the use of SWOT analysis • Evaluate the relationship between the general and the competitive environment 37 Introduction In the previous chapter we looked at what strategy is and introduced a number of different perspectives on strategy formulation. We addressed the importance of values in determining why an organization exists, and looked at how an organization’s values, its vision, and its mission guide individuals’ behaviour by signposting what is important to the organization. We explained the importance of an organization being willing to change the assumptions that underpin its theory of the business if it is to adapt to changes in its environment. We also introduced a strategic management process which involves strategy analysis, strategy formulation, and strategy implementation. We noted that this essentially linear approach is useful for exposition but may not always accurately replicate...
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...OF CONTENTS Declaration List of Tables List of Figures Appendices Abbreviation CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION 1.0. 1.1. 1.2. 1.3. 1.4. 1.5. 1.6. Background of the Study The Conceptual Basis of Social Security Schemes The Kenyan Contextual Basis of Social Security Problem Statement Research Questions and Objectives Research Hypotheses Importance of the study 1 3 10 19 22 22 23 CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW 2.0. Introduction 2.1. Review of Theoretical Literature on Financial Viability of Pension Schemes 2.2. Review of Empirical Literature of Studies on the Solvency of Pension Schemes 2.3. Models for Evaluating the Financial Viability of Pension Schemes 2.4. A Summary of the Knowledge and Research Gaps 25 25 46 60 68 REFERENCES APPENDICES i Electronic copy available at: http://ssrn.com/abstract=1784297 GLOSSARY CAC CALPERS CAPSA CBS C-D CEO CGE CSR DB DC E.T.I EME ERISA FMA GASB GDP GSP INPFRS INSS IPD IRA IRBS KNAO KNBS LUPFUND NSE NSSF NYSCRF OECD OSFI PBGC PLC PPF PPR PROST PRPOPS PSPS PSSS RBA SAM SIPO SOX SSNIT SSS Commonwealth Authorities and Companies Act CEO California Public Employees Retirement System The Canadian Association of Pension Supervisory Authorities Central Bureau of Statistics Cobb-Douglas economy Chief Executive Officer Computable General Equilibrium Corporate Social Responsibility Defined Benefit Defined Contribution Economically Targeted Investments Emerging Market Economies Employee Retirement Income Security Act Financial Management and Accountability...
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...format from the Productivity Commission website at www.pc.gov.au. If you require part or all of this publication in a different format, please contact Media and Publications (see below). Publications Inquiries: Media and Publications Productivity Commission Locked Bag 2 Collins Street East Melbourne VIC 8003 Tel: Fax: Email: (03) 9653 2244 (03) 9653 2303 maps@pc.gov.au General Inquiries: Tel: (03) 9653 2100 or (02) 6240 3200 An appropriate citation for this paper is: Productivity Commission 2009, Annual Report 2008-09, Annual Report Series, Productivity Commission, Canberra JEL code: D The Productivity Commission The Productivity Commission, is the Australian Government’s independent research and advisory body on a range of economic, social and environmental issues affecting the welfare of Australians. Its role, expressed most simply, is to help governments make better policies, in the long term interest of the Australian community. The Commission’s independence is underpinned by an Act of Parliament. Its processes and outputs are open to public scrutiny and are driven by consideration for the wellbeing of the...
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