Urban trees or forests are essential landscape elements that have in principle, similar functions as trees in natural settings, through their environmental, economic and social services and products (Fulton and Harcombe, 2002). In Kenyatta University, continued development and reforestation process has occasioned massive land use and land cover change, with introduction of new tree species intended for various purposes within the university. To optimally incorporate conservational aspects into the developmental planning process, there is need to understand the current distribution of trees and assess their potential roles. In this regard, this study sought to evaluate the spatial distribution of trees within the university. The study then assessed their roles and effects and evaluated the linkage between spatial location of the trees and their respective roles within Kenyatta University. In its findings, most respondents agreed that over 50% of the University is under tree cover. Additionally, the perception is that, denser woodlots and tree stands were found concentrated in the Arboretum (37.5%), Along Pathways (20.8%) and Staff Residential Areas (20.8%). Kenyatta University populace is of the opinion that, Grevelia (30.0%) and Eucalyptus (24.0%) tree species predominate; compared to other species such as acacia (16%). Patently, major tree uses are beauty (50%), fruit (4%) and shade (6%). Finally, it was evident that, there exists a significant relationship between location of a tree species and its function and preference for beauty (at P Value=0.034), for shade (at P Value= 0.001) and for flower fencing (at P Value=0.04). It is anticipated that these findings will significantly contribute to sustainable utilization of tree resources within Kenyatta University and further contribute to proper planning of tree locations and understanding of the relationship between trees and their environment in an urban context.