...1007/s10734-009-9216-y Groupwork as a form of assessment: common problems and recommended solutions W. Martin Davies Published online: 20 March 2009 Ó Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2009 Abstract This paper reviews some of the literature on the use of groupwork as a form of assessment in tertiary institutions. It outlines the considerable advantages of groupwork but also its systemic associated problems. In discussing the problems, the paper considers issues such as ‘‘free riding’’ and the ‘‘sucker effect’’, issues associated with ethnic mix in groups, and the social dilemma problem—in which students face conflicting demands between altruism and self-interest. The paper then outlines several models of effective groupwork and makes suggestions for implementing groupwork tasks. The paper also looks at the key assessment tasks which are commonly employed—namely, additive, conjunctive, disjunctive and discretionary tasks—and assesses which are most suited to groupwork. The paper considers the related issues of task complexity, recognition for effort, and strategies for minimising issues concerning group size. The paper also briefly considers strategies for implementing incentives for groupwork members, and outlines the issue of penalties for unproductive group members. The paper concludes by providing recommendations for how to maximise the advantages of groupwork while trying to minimise the disadvantages. Keywords Groupwork Á Assessment Á Free-riding...
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...within the broader context of the changing organisation and the global economy. MODULE LEARNING OBJECTIVES By the end of this module, through completion of the assessment, attendance at lectures and participation in seminars you will have gained knowledge and understanding of: the changing nature of the global economy and its impact on management, operations management and organisational aspects of the business, the future for managing human resources the changing nature of the market place, marketing and consumer behaviour Also, you will have developed skills in being able to: think critically, conceptually and contextually, select and apply theoretical academic models, search and select appropriate reading material, use case studies to apply theoretical models to real life present material in both written scholarly essays and oral presentations understand the dynamics of group work reflect upon the learning experience to further develop interpersonal skills 1 MODULE ORGANISATION The Module uses Needle’s Business in Context (5th Edition, 2010) as a linked text. Several of the lectures relate to specific chapters in this textbook. It is strongly recommended...
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...and Communication Contents Executive Summary 1 Terms of Reference 2 Analysis 3 Participation 3 Group work 3 Evaluation of Content 4 Animal texting case 4 My language use & development 5 Recommendations 5 Conclusions 6 References 7 Appendices 8 Appendices 1 8 Appendices 2 10 Appendices 3 12 Executive Summary Firstly, the report analysed participation and group work in two parts. It has expressed that how to be participation in a group and theorises or experiences of group works. Following that, it has discussed evaluation of group study and individual development. These reports recommend that in a group work, people should focus on formal language use, cooperation, communication, information and time and task management. Terms of Reference In this report, it has analysed our group work in this module, also evaluate case of animal testing and personal development of language use. Besides, it gave some recommendations for group work and self-development. It is in order to continue development of our skills and learn the theories or task management with animal testing case. Analysis Participation Participation is important if you work together with other people. Without it, a single idea cannot be called “group work”. For example, when I first work in a group, I am wondering how to join in a group and how to share my idea and experiences to my teammates. Also, utilize some information and translate in...
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...MG1016 – Managing Information with Technology UG study guide for 2012/13 MG1016 – Managing Information with Technology UG study guide for 2012/13 Date last updated: [08/08/12] Date approved by module reviewer: Date checked by PG pathway leader: [10/09/12] Date last updated: [08/08/12] Date approved by module reviewer: Date checked by PG pathway leader: [10/09/12] Introduction You should read this study guide carefully and also ensure that all the links have been followed to other accompanying documents that include, for example, information on coursework submission. Information in this study guide is maintained by Dr Chris Evans (chris.evans@brunel.ac.uk) Policy statements The Business School Student Handbook can be found on the Business School Blackboard Learn site (Academic Programme Office - APO). The Student Handbook is a useful source of information for all aspects of your studies, including policy, procedures, plagiarism, house style for assignments, joint and group work submissions and other important matters. The School assumes that you will familiarise yourself with this information, so you will need to look at these pages carefully at various times throughout your studies. The School also operates within the rules and regulations of the University more generally, and you should also look at what are known as 'Senate Regulations’ under the University’s webpages at: http://www.brunel.ac.uk/about/administration/rules/senateregs/ ...
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...BUSM 4192 Introduction to Management Semester 1, 2012 Assessment Task 2: Essay Writing instructions and Marking Rubric This assessment task is an ESSAY. The RMIT College of Business requires you to use a particular style of essay writing which involves both the way the essay is structured and the way that you acknowledge other people’s ideas used in your work. The structuring of an essay is very clearly described in the RMIT Study and Learning Centre Essay Writing Skills Online Tutorial available online at: https://www.dlsweb.rmit.edu.au/lsu/content/2_AssessmentTasks/assess_tuts/essay_LL/index.html Your first step in preparing for this assessment task should be to complete the tutorial. Investing time before you start writing will result in a better essay. Your second step should be mastering the art of referencing. There are many styles of referencing in use in different disciplines and geographical locations. You are required to use the RMIT Business Referencing System. This is available to you via the Library website, in your course site on myRMIT and is uploaded to the assessments folder in the BUSM 4176 course site. This is a 50 page document but reading it through will be enormously helpful for you in this and future assessment tasks. Make sure that you can clearly distinguish the difference between an essay (page 28 of the document) and a report (page 36). Remember this current assessment task is an ESSAY not a REPORT. The critical thinking...
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...The importance of science education for children Published 03/11/2008 Science Communication 17 Comments Tags: Science Education One of the features of wordpress is a list of what web searches have led people to your blog (or at least hits anyway) and they themselves can be fascinating glimpses into what people are interested in or what information on (mostly Tyrannosaurus and Jurassic Park). A recent one was the title of this post and it is a very interesting question (precisely it was “what is the importance of teaching science to children?”). Apart from the fundamental answer (well, everyone should know a bit about biology, chemistry and physics, much as they should know a bit about history, geography, art and maths) it is a good question. What does science bring to the table? It’s hard to put in specific terms, but science as a concept (as opposed to just learning facts and theories, or heating stuff in test tubes) has some nice ideas to offer that would be useful for many people to learn and would be useful throughout their lives. Concepts such as logical deductions and inference, parsimony, and not accepting arguments (or dismissals) based on authority but from evidence, and scepticism would all be handy. Teaching someone how to appraise and evaluate conflicting evidence and any bias in that evidence would be useful ‘life skills’ for pretty much everyone. Let’s face it, it ultimately comes down to trying to spot patterns, work out reasons for them, and to spot errors...
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...to work as a team through loyalty and courtesy (Pornpitakpan, 2000). In additional to David’s presentation skills, I find it easy to give away my attention to his presentation because he has everything a good presentation requires from eye contact, gestures, facial expressions, posture, and voice projection. It seems to me practice presenting like David can be a good personal development for people who are weak with presentation. David introduces us to the RADAR profile as a way of assessing cultural profile of one’s country, it contains three dimensions which are expectation of business relationships, communication, and management. David had us analyse a cultural profile of ourselves and compare to the person besides, in this case they are my groupwork members from one of the International Business Malmanagement (IBM) module. I noticed that we all have similar cultural profile, and that is why we get along better than expected. I also learned from David that there is more to communication than just language barrier and distribution channels, he talked about how direct, formal, and emotions can affect communication across various cultures which never crossed my mind. I can apply this experience to my future career if I ever have to work with people from different cultures, using RADAR profiles to compare then adapt will results me in a win-win situation between both sides. Relevantly in one of my module called Managing Across Culture, we also analyse cultural profile of people...
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...Faculty of Business & Enterprise Higher Education Division Unit of Study Outline HBM222/HBM350N Marketing Planning Semester 1, 2012 Version 1 (19 February, 2012) Table of contents Unit of Study Outline 4 Teaching Staff 4 Unit Aims. 4 Learning Objectives 5 Content 5 Learning and Teaching Structure 5 Lecture Program (Provisional Schedule) 6 Tutorial Guide 7 Resources and Reference Material 8 Assessment 9 a. Assessment Task Details: 9 b. Participation Requirements - Tutorials 9 c. Minimum Requirements to pass this Unit of Study: 9 NB - Your final mark will be the sum of the marks gained in all pieces of assessment noting that to pass this unit you must achieve at least 50% in the final exam. 10 If you score between 43% and 49% in the final exam your maximum mark will be 46%. 10 If a student scores less than 43% in the final exam, your maximum final mark will be 42%. 10 d. Assessment Criteria: 10 f. Extensions and Late Submissions: 11 g. Assessment Results: 11 h. Groupwork Guidelines: 11 i. Email Communication 12 j. Plagiarism: 12 k. Assessment and Appeals Policy and Procedure 12 Ethical Conduct at Swinburne 12 Blackboard Site for this Unit of Study 13 Student Feedback: 13 Safety Standards and Conduct Requirements: 13 Special Needs 14 Appendix 1 - Guidelines for Minor Assignment (situation analysis) 15 Appendix 2 - Marking Guide for Minor Assignment 16 Appendix 3 - Guidelines for Major Assignment (Marketing Plan) 17 Appendix...
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...TRADITIONAL LECTURE-BASED TEACHING WITH E-LEARNING: A CASE STUDY Nicholaus Thomas Andrade Hall Department of Information Studies, University of Sheffield Western Bank,, Sheffield, S10 2TN, United Kingdom José Miguel Baptista Nunes Department of Information Studies, University of Sheffield Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN, United Kingdom ABSTRACT The objectivist nature of lecture -based teaching is often perceived to be unsuited to encourage deep learnin g and the acquisition of contextualised transferable skills. On the other hand, collaborative and active e -learning is seen to be an approach capable of fostering these highly desirable outcomes in the learning process. However, given the pragmatic needs and constraints of teaching and learning in Higher Education (HE), lectures are still the prevalent mode of imparting knowledge to students. In order to try and improve the learning experience of students undertaking a course in Information Systems, the research team, with considerable experience in online learning, tried to combine objectivist lectures with a moderate constructivist learning process facilitated by a WebCT online resource. This paper presents the design and development of such an e -learn ing environment and discusses how e -learning can be applied to complement and support traditional on-campus teaching. The e -learning resource aims at providing students with content materials, self-assessment facilities, case-study materials and infrastru ctures for online learning...
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...Task 1.1 Draw on the content from module 1 and 2 to conduct a critical analysis of the two job related attitudes: job satisfaction and organisational commitment as they manifest in this case. Work related attitudes are thought of as an important measure of tendencies that an employee may have towards: another person, event, product or process (Marr 2002). The most commonly analysed attitudes at work are: Job satisfaction and organisational commitment. Job satisfaction being the degree to which individuals feel positively or negatively about their work (Wood et al 2013) and can be thought of as an emotional state resulting from a self evaluation of job experiences (Locke 1976) Organisational commitment is the sharing of beliefs and values of an organisation (Meyer & Allen 1991). Hulin (1991) noted considerable overlap between the two attitudes: job satisfaction and organisational commitment, the only difference being their targets, the target of job satisfaction being the satisfaction of one position and the target of organisation commitment being the organisations success (Hulin 1991) In the “Geeks of Chic’ case study there are many work attitudes displayed which indicate different levels of job satisfaction and organisational commitment. Organisational change through the amalgamation, downsizing, remuneration, promotion and hiring processes has been the contributing factor to the varying attitudes and commitment. The local government team is made of 6 people the leader:...
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...Support Material GCE Psychology OCR Advanced GCE in Psychology: H568 Unit: G544 This Support Material booklet is designed to accompany the OCR Advanced GCE specification in Psychology for teaching from September 2008. Contents Contents 2 Introduction 3 Scheme of Work - Psychology : H568 : G544 5 Lesson Plans - Psychology : H568 : G544 27 Other forms of Support 35 Introduction Background A new structure of assessment for A Level has been introduced, for first teaching from September 2008. Some of the changes include: • The introduction of stretch and challenge (including the new A* grade at A2) – to ensure that every young person has the opportunity to reach their full potential • The reduction or removal of coursework components for many qualifications – to lessen the volume of marking for teachers • A reduction in the number of units for many qualifications – to lessen the amount of assessment for learners • Amendments to the content of specifications – to ensure that content is up-to-date and relevant. OCR has produced an overview document, which summarises the changes to Psychology. This can be found at www.ocr.org.uk, along with the new specification. In order to help you plan effectively for the implementation of the new specification...
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...The Study Skills Handbook Second Edition Stella Cottrell © Stella Cottrell 1999, 2003 Illustrations © Stella Cottrell & Palgrave Macmillan Ltd 1999, 2003 All rights reserved. No reproduction, copy or transmission of this publication may be made without written permission, except as stated below. No paragraph of this publication may be reproduced, copied or transmitted save with written permission or in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, or under the terms of any licence permitting limited copying issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency, 90 Tottenham Court Road, London W1P 9HE. Any person who does any unauthorised act in relations to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages. The author has asserted her right to be identified as the author of this work in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. First edition 1999 Second edition 2003 Published by PALGRAVE MACMILLAN Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS and 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10010 Companies and representatives throughout the world PALGRAVE MACMILLAN is the global academic imprint of the Palgrave Macmillan division of St. Martin’s Press, LLC and of Palgrave Macmillan Ltd. Macmillan® is a registered trademark in the United States, United Kingdom and other countries. Palgrave is a registered trademark in the European Union and other countries. ISBN 1-4039-1135-5 A catalogue record for this book is available...
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...Teachers’ College of Jamaica The effects of the Cooperative Learning Strategies on students’ performance in Science By Jason Smith-Samuels SJTC20102990 A Research Proposal submitted to the department of Professional Studies in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Bachelor of Education in Primary Education. Table of Contents Chapter 1: Introduction………………………………………………………………………….4 Background and Statement of the problem……………………………………………………4-5 The purpose of the study………………………………………………………………………5-6 Research questions……………………………………………………………………………6 Operational Definitions………………………………………………………………………6-7 Delimitations……………………………………………………………………………………7 Limitations…………………………………………………………………………………….7 Significance of the study……………………………………………………………………7-8 Theoretical base……………………………………………………………………………….8-9 Chapter 2: Review of literature….…………………………………………………..………10-14 Chapter 3: Methodology and procedure……………………………………..…………………15 Role of the researcher…………………………………………………………..………………16 Population and sample………………………………………………………………………16-17 Description of action plan………………………………………………………………….17-18 Data collection………………………………………………………………………………18 Data presentation analysis……………………………………………………………………19 Methods of verification………………………………………………………………………19 Ethical issues…………………………………………………………………………………19 Time line……………………………………………………………………………………..20 Summary…………………………………………………………………………….………21 List of references……………………………………………………………………………22-25 ...
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...present the seven most commonly reported such problems of online group learning, as identified by both researchers and practitioners, and offers practical solutions to each, in the hope that educators may be encouraged to “take the risk”. Keywords Online collaborative learning, CSCL, Group learning, Group work, Free riders Introduction The importance and relevance of social interaction to an effective learning process has been stressed by many theorists, from Vygotsky (1978), through advocates of situated learning such as Lave and Wenger (1991), and many other recent researchers and practitioners. Indeed, the academic, social, and psychological benefits of group learning in a face-to-face environment are well documented (see, for example, Johnson & Johnson, 1977, 1984; Slavin, 1987; Tinzmann et al, 1990; Bonwell & Eison, 1991; Felder & Brent, 1994; Panitz & Panitz, 1998; Burdett, 2003; Graham and Misanchuk, 2004; Roberts, 2004, 2005). Online group learning, sometimes referred to as computer-supported collaborative learning (CSCL), if implemented appropriately, can provide an ideal environment in which interaction among students plays a central role...
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...Implications of Personality Dimensions Cultural Dimensions Individualism–Collectivism Power Distance Uncertainty Avoidance Masculine–Feminine High Context–Low Context Monochronic Time–Polychronic Time Barriers to Cultural Understanding Gender Dimensions Generational Dimensions Balanced Diversity GroupWork: Personality Preferences GroupAssessment: Identifying Cultural Dialectics ISBN: 0-536-56665-8 63 Working in Groups: Communication Principles and Strategies, Fourth Edition, by Isa N. Engleberg and Dianna R. Wynn. Published by Allyn & Bacon. Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. 64 Part I Basic Group Concepts HETEROGENEOUS GROUPS When you read or hear the word diversity, you may think about race or about people from other countries. The concept of diversity, however, involves much more than country of origin, skin color, or ethnic heritage. When discussing group communication, we use the term diversity in its most general sense—the quality of being different. The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language defines diverse as “made up of distinct characteristics, qualities, or elements.”1 The homogeneous–heterogeneous dialectic is particularly applicable to the study of group membership. As we note in Chapter 1, the prefix homo comes from the Greek language and means “same” or “similar”; hetero means “different.” Thus, a homogeneous group is composed of members who are the same or similar, and a heterogeneous group is composed of members who are not the...
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