...Nutrition and Exercise and Their Effects on Obesity Management Roland Colburn AHS 401 Literature review Dr. Elder Abstract This study was important because it addressed the issues of obesity and what can be carried out to prevent it. Obesity has become cone of the nations most widespread epidemics and it continues to grow. In this study 20 peer-reviewed articles were chosen on obesity and nutrition, and then the articles were analyzed and broken down into a basic concept of obesity prevention. Most articles contained proper nutrition, exercise, and dietary guidance. After thorough research, it became evident that proper nutrition and exercise were basic necessities in combating the obesity epidemic. Introduction Obesity is one of the leading public concerns within the United States, and for a great reason, almost two-thirds of the population is either overweight or obese, and the numbers are continuously rising.(Carels et al. 2008). Obesity has been linked to many different health issues, including the number one killer in America, heart disease. Obesity has been a growing problem over the past few years, which has led many to try and reduce or reverse the incline in obesity. The programs implemented, as of late, to reduce the number considered obese have failed.(Crombie 1999). American society continues to grow in the obesity rates, which has in turn generated an increase...
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...the number of people globally who were malnourished stood at 923 million in 2007, an increase of over 80 million since the 1990-92 base period. In 2006, more than 36 million people died of hunger or diseases due to deficiencies in micronutrients; accounted for 58% of the total mortality in the same year. Under nutrition contributes to almost 35% of the estimated 7.6 million deaths under-5 deaths; consequently affecting the future health and socioeconomic development and productive potential of the society. The malnourished are unable to live a normal life, are less likely to fulfill their potential as human beings and cannot contribute fully to the development of their own countries. Nutrition is the provision of adequate energy and nutrients (in terms of amount and mix and timelines) to the cells for them to perform their physiological function of (growth, reproduction, defence, repair e.t.c). The World Health Organization defines malnutrition as "the cellular imbalance between supply of nutrients & energy and the body's demand for them to ensure growth, maintenance, and specific functions”. Malnutrition comprises both; Under nutrition and Over nutrition The World Health Organization (WHO) says that malnutrition is by far the largest contributor to child mortality globally, currently present in 45 percent of all cases. Underweight births and inter-uterine growth restrictions are responsible for about 2.2 million child deaths annually in the world. Deficiencies in...
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...PERCEPTION— HEALTH MANAGEMENT PATTERN Death Syndrome, risk for Sudden Infant Energy Field Disturbance Environmental Interpretation Syndrome, impaired Falls, risk for Health Maintenance, ineffective Health-Seeking Behaviors (specify) Infection, risk for Injury (trauma), risk for Latex Allergy Latex Allergy, risk for Noncompliance (specify) Perioperative Positioning Injury, risk for Poisoning, risk for Protection, ineffective Recovery, Delayed Surgical Suffocation, risk for Suicide, risk for Therapeutic Regimen: effective management Therapeutic Regimen: ineffective management Therapeutic Regimen management: readiness for enhanced Therapeutic Regimen: Family, ineffective management Therapeutic Regimen: Community, ineffective management Trauma, risk for Wandering (specify sporadic or continual) NUTRITIONAL— METABOLIC PATTERN Aspiration, risk for Body Temperature, imbalanced, risk for Breastfeeding, effective Breastfeeding, ineffective Breastfeeding, interrupted Dentition, impaired Failure to thrive, adult Fluid Balance, readiness for enhanced Fluid Volume, risk for deficient Fluid Volume Deficient [active loss] Fluid Volume Deficit [regulatory failure] Fluid Volume Deficit, risk for Fluid Volume Excess Fluid Volume Imbalance, risk for Hyperthermia Hypothermia Infant Feeding Pattern, ineffective Latex Allergy Response Latex Allergy Response, risk for Nausea Nutrition: imbalanced, less ...
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...The community health nurse has a primary role to assess the relationship of variables in the community with how they relate to patients and health. Cultural, religious, ethnic, and personal upbringings are variables that are considered to gain a basic understanding of the community framework. The purpose of this paper is to discuss three nursing diagnoses related to AL and his family living in a suburban community in Staten Island, New York. Interventions and outcomes will be expected for each diagnosis and will be integrated into the care plan and educational program specially designed for the chosen family. Family Assessment AL is a 65 year old man with an Italian ethnic background. He is a smoker who has been recently diagnosed with Type II Diabetes Mellitus, mild obesity, and a history of coronary artery disease with one stent last year. His physician stated he is borderline diabetic that could be managed through diet and lifestyle modifications, and could not advance if he is compliant with suggested regimens. He lives in a two-family residence with his wife, and his father who lives in the side apartment downstairs. He has two adult children who live within close range and visit several times a week. Jean Watson’s Theory of Human Caring When caring for a special population group within a community, the nurse must integrate clinical thought to assimilate specifically designed interventions for patients. Nurses must be conscious of their responses and actions that...
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...Family Nursing Diagnoses NUR/405 Family Nursing Diagnoses Community Nursing The community health nurse has a primary role to assess the relationship of variables in the community with how they relate to patients and health. Cultural, religious, ethnic, and personal upbringings are variables that are considered to gain a basic understanding of the community framework. The purpose of this paper is to discuss three nursing diagnoses related to AL and his family living in a suburban community in Staten Island, New York. Interventions and outcomes will be expected for each diagnosis and will be integrated into the care plan and educational program specially designed for the chosen family. Family Assessment AL is a 65 year old man with an Italian ethnic background. He is a smoker who has been recently diagnosed with Type II Diabetes Mellitus, mild obesity, and a history of coronary artery disease with one stent last year. His physician stated he is borderline diabetic that could be managed through diet and lifestyle modifications, and could not advance if he is compliant with suggested regimens. He lives in a two-family residence with his wife, and his father who lives in the side apartment downstairs. He has two adult children who live within close range and visit several times a week. Jean Watson’s Theory of Human Caring When caring for a special population group within a community, the nurse must integrate clinical thought to assimilate specifically designed...
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...not only patients, but communities, families, and other healthcare professionals to promote a healthy lifestyle and high quality life for all of those involved. This literature review will describe health promotion, its meaning for nurses, and describe the health promotion levels. Definition of Health Promotion The W.H.O. describes health promotion as “Health promotion is the process of enabling people to increase control over, and to improve, their health. It moves beyond a focus on individual behaviour towards a wide range of social and environmental interventions.” (WHO,2014). Health promotion is described by Edelman, Kudzma, & Mandle as “The science and art of helping people change their lifestyle to move toward a state of optimal health. The process of advocating health to enhance the probability that person (individual, family, and community), private (professional and business), and public (federal, state, and local government) support of positive health practices will become a societal norm” (Edelman, Kudzma, & Mandle, 2014, Glossary). Health Promotion Purpose The health promotion intent vastly does beyond giving information for a healthier lifestyle. Health promotion focuses on proactive decision-making for all, with specifics to meet the needs of all backgrounds. Nurses work alongside other healthcare team members to meet patients’ needs. It is essential to incorporate patient participation and compliance. “Individuals, families, and communities must be active participants...
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...Some of the intervention for the control of obesity include dieting, physical exercise and lifestyle modification. These interventions need to be transformed into administrable clinical treatments at the young and adult life to avoid the many complications that result in poor health among Hispanic population. The organization lacks school-based, individualized, family and community-level obesity management strategies. According to Holub et al. (2013), these are the fundamental measures for the control of obesity, and their success increases the patients’ quality of life and reduce the risk of chronic diseases development of...
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...associated with food and caring. The giving of food is often considered to represent compassion in the minds of most people. It is not surprising that the issue of withholding artificial hydration and nutrition is such a heavily debated topic. To make a more informed decision, patients and/or family members need to be educated about the benefits, legal, and ethical considerations of dehydration in the terminally ill patient. Literature supports that forced hydration during the end of life is of little benefit and may actually worsen a patient’s condition. Dehydration in the terminally ill can be a very therapeutic treatment. The deterioration of the terminally ill patient coincides with no longer having the ability to take oral fluids or nutrition. Dehydration is usually characterized by thirst, dry mouth, decreased skin turgor, decreased urinary output, and electrolyte imbalance. However, not all patients who are terminally ill and not medically hydrated exhibit these signs and symptoms (Vaz, 2010, p.1). This suggests that dehydration in the terminally ill is different than in the acutely ill patient. Dehydration has potential benefits for the end-of-life (EOL) patient. Benefits of dehydration in the terminally ill include perhaps, the most important issue to families, patients, and caregivers concerning the dying patient which is comfort. Dehydration is often incorrectly considered painful. Printz (1992) reported that “patients in end-stage dehydration experience...
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...the blood1. – Affects individual, family and community – Affects young and old alike Ecological Health Model Albright (2014, p 65) Diabetes Spectrum; Diabetes Prevention and Management; The Thrill Is Not Gone2. Affects individual, family and community • Individual Effects – Body • Short term – – – – – – – – – – – Increased thirst Frequent need to urinate Fatigue Blurred vision Tingling or pain in the hands, feet and/or legs Cardiovascular Disease Stroke Blindness Amputation Kidney failure-dialysis Digestion • Long Term Individual Effects Con’t.. – Daily Life • • • • • • Glucose testing Diet modification Increase activity level More frequent eye exams Teeth/gum exam Foot care DIABETES DATA American Diabetes Association (ADA) ; http://www.diabetes.org/ retrieved 4/29/141 Affect on Family • Emotional Stress – Meal Planning – Medicine management • Communication Stress – Caregiver perceived as a nag – Encourage to exercise – Eat Properly • Financial Stress – Increase out of pocket expenses Average Out-Of-Pocket Expenses (OOPE) for Families with Members Who Have Diabetes According to Level of Income in US Adults Aged 16-64 years, 2001-20082 Income Level Poor ( 400% FPL) *FPL: Federal poverty level Albright (2014, p 65) Diabetes Spectrum; Diabetes Prevention and Management; The Thrill is Not Gone.2 2010 OOPE ($) 2,400 3,600 4,300 5,100 % of Income 17 12 8 5 % Havng OOPE > 10% of Total Family Income 48 42 30 11 Affect on...
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...Running head: FAMILY HEALTH ASSESSMENT Family Health Assessment Thresiamma John Grand Canyon University Family-Centered Health Promotion NRS-429V Stout, Kimberly March 11 2012 Family Health Assessment Introduction A comprehensive family assessment provides a foundation to promote family health (Edelman & Mandle, 2011). 1987 Marjorie Gordon purposed 11 functional health patterns to use for guidance in order to facilitate nurses to have a frame work for the family assessment in. Gordon’s 11 functional health patterns help organizes basic family assessment information. This standardized format will guide nurses to complete the family assessment using system approaches, which will identify a patient’s developmental stages and risk factors. Once the functional and dysfunctional behaviors are identified for an individual or within the family history, planning begins in order to achieve the goal with the nurse and the family involved. This will help nurses to create interventions to modify influencing factors to promote positive changes. The 11 functional health patterns are health perceptions and health management, nutrition and elimination, activity and exercises, sleep and rest, cognitive and self perception, role and relationship, sexuality and reproduction, coping stress, value and belief (Koshar, n.d.). Nursing diagnosis and assess these 11 functional health patterns. This paper will discuss the 11 functional health pattern assessments and how it...
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...eligibility statement, which will provides information about family size and income. The information submitted by each household is compared with USDA's Income Eligibility Guidelines and some of the changes are children whose families receive benefits from the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) or State programs funded through Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) are categorically eligible for free meals. Children who are participants of Head Start or Even Start programs are automatically eligible for free meals, without further application or eligibility determination. Foster children who are the responsibility of the State or placed by the court and children who are experiencing homelessness are also automatically eligible for free meals. Adults also who receive food stamps, Social Security Income (SSI), or Medicaid benefits are already eligible for free meals. The changes that where made was all Institutions under this programs must submit accurate monthly claims for reimbursement to their administering agencies. Reimbursement is not allowed for meals or snacks that are served to children or an adult who is not enrolled for the care. My comment is that they should review and evaluate the leadership and management within the food and nutrition services in certain counties of operation that are not doing well on this program. In most communities that they have school districts, food and nutrition services department should develop recommendations that would...
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...15, 2013 Diabetes and Adolescence Article First Guo, Jia ; Whittemore, Robin ; He, Guo-Ping (2011).The relationship between diabetes self-management and metabolic control in youth with type 1 diabetes: an integrative review. http://ehis.ebscohost.com.library.gcu.edu:2048/ehost/detail?vid=8&sid=feb187e3-959a-463b-b132-6fdc0a76dfec%40sessionmgr12&hid=5&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZSZzY Abstract: guo j., whittemore r. & he g.-p. (2011) The relationship between diabetes self-management and metabolic control in youth with type 1 diabetes: an integrative review. Journal of Advanced Nursing 67(11), 2294-2310. Abstract Aims. The purpose of this integrative review was to describe the relationship between diabetes self-management and metabolic control in youth with type 1 diabetes and to explore factors which affect this relationship. Background. In the past 15 years, research has indicated that youth with type 1 diabetes face considerable self-management challenges and are at increased risk for poor metabolic control. To enhance the development of behavioral interventions for youth with type 1 diabetes, the relationship between diabetes self-management and metabolic control needs to be more clearly elucidated. Data Sources. Research studies that examined the relationship between diabetes self-management and metabolic control in youth with type 1 diabetes were included (n = 18). The electronic databases searched included OVID, MEDLINE (1996 to present)...
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...the profession and field of study that deals with the economics and management of the home and community. Home economics is a field of formal study including such topics as consumer education, institutional management, interior design, home furnishing, cleaning, handicrafts, sewing, clothing and textiles, cooking, nutrition, food preservation, hygiene, child development, and family relationships. It prepares students for homemaking or professional careers. Home Economics is also known as Family and Consumer Sciences. It is study at all levels of education concerned with training for effective home and family living. This includes educating the individual for family life; improving services and goods used in home; and conducting research to discover the changing needs of individuals and families and the means of satisfying those needs. (Colliers Encyclopedia, V.12). In the 1800s, home economics classes were intended to ready young women for their duties in the home. Classes were first in the United States, Canada and Great Britain, followed by Latin America, Asia and Africa. International organizations such as those associated with the United Nations have been involved in starting home economics programs around the world. (Wikipedia.org, 2013) Home economics is taught at the junior secondary level while senior secondary school introduces students to the rudiments of Home management and Food & Nutrition. A modern and well equipped laboratory that provides opportunity for...
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...GRADE 8 – 9 Published by the Curriculum Development Centre P.O. Box 50092 Lusaka (c) All rights Reserved. No parts of this syllabus may be produced, stored in a retrieval manner, transmitted in any means without the prior consent of the copyright owner. Phototypeset and printed by Printpak (Z) Ltd. P R E F A C E This Home Economics Syllabus is proposed in conformity with the Educational Reforms. It incorporates the following components: Food and Nutrition, Home Management, Health Education, Needlework and Crafts. Through this syllabus the learner is taught to prepare well balanced appetizing meals for the family with minimum equipment, limited time and money; to maintain and manage the available resources of the home; to provide clothing for the family; and to maintain the good physical and mental health of the members of the family. The content encourages practical experiences and creativity along with knowledge. The family is the smallest unit of the community. By improving family life, the syllabus aims at improving the community as a whole. Chairman EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL OF ZAMBIA DIRECTOR CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT CENTRE LUSAKA I A C K N O W L E D G E M E N T S The members of the Home Economics Working Committee were: Mrs. G.M. Allen Inspectorate HQ, Lusaka Ms. A. Kabwe Inspectorate HQ, Lusaka Mrs. P.M. Phiri Inspectorate HQ, Lusaka Mrs. M.Y. Mulenga Curriculum Development Centre, Lusaka Mrs. C.N. Kalaluka Curriculum...
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...dated between 2003 and 2013. The areas of dietetics include: . education: nutrition education/community nutrition . food production . management: foodservice/nutrition . research: foodservice/nutrition. . medical nutrition therapy (MNT) For each area of dietetics, locate two trends and one challenge. One resource could be used to address several areas of dietetics. A minimum of five referred resources must be used. You can use referred journal articles from the internet as long as they contain the entire journal reference and not just the URL. Using the table below, list two trends and one challenge for each area of dietetics. Each trend and challenge must be listed as a complete thought. Write using complete sentences. Document references used. You can use an APA or AMA reference style. Keep the format of your references consistent. Print or photocopy the title page or key information as evidence to support the trend or challenge. Type or word-process the assignment. Staple printed/photocopied information to your typed/word-processed materials and submit for course points. Use the following template: Dietetics Trends and Challenges |Area of Dietetics |Trend or Challenge (list) |Reference (Document; minimum of 5 referred resources) | |Community Nutrition & Nutrition | |...
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