...FEASIBILITY OF TWO FRESH WATER SUPPLY TECHNIQUES IN SUDAN 1.0 INTRODUCTION Access to clean water is considered a basic human right and in many countries when sustainable development is considered, water is at the top of the list of priorities (Omer, 2008). The value of water is increasingly felt in areas such as Sudan, where precipitation is inadequate while temperatures are high resulting in dry or arid conditions (Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO), cited in USAID, 2010). Two-thirds of the country is arid and rainfall is less than 400mm annually. Regardless of the fact that about 60% of Sudan lies within the Nile basin, it only draws 18.5x109 m3 from the Nile’s annual flow of 84x109m3 and added to its internal supply of 12x109m3, the water availability falls considerably below the water stress limit of 1000m3 per head (ibid). According to FAO, (cited in USAID, 2010), in Sudan the renewable water resource per capita at 2008 stood at 726m3/person/year and is projected to be 617m3/person/year in 2015. It is low and rapidly dropping every year (ibid) and unless measures are taken, many citizens will be living without a basic human right. Since Sudan cannot rely on rainfall which is sporadic and concentrated in 4 months for most areas (Omer, 2008), water management techniques need to be implemented to ensure availability of potable water. Sudan is bordered by the Red Sea to the east which makes desalination a viable option but the cost implications and negative...
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...GREEN LIFE An Electronics Recycling Service To educate and to serve Marketing Project By students: Ambre Comes Gonzague Cavrot Morgane Wernert Rainer de Sousa Romain Ades Course: Marketing Principles Professor: Girish Prayag Supervisor: Jeanette McDonald Skema Bachelor Spring 2011 Executive Summary Undergraduate students at the Skema Business School at Sophia-Antipolis, France; we have been conducting an on-campus marketing feasibility study to evaluate what would be the chances of successfully implementing a new service to the entire school community, focusing especially on the French student population. Our service concept involves educating our target market about recycling (focusing on the recycling of electronics), motivating our target market to recycle electronic devices, collecting the devices and handling them to recycling facilities. We carried out an initial exploratory research in the form of a focus group and based on it, on our insights and perceptions about the relation between the issue of recycling and our school, and also based on secondary research, we developed a descriptive research in the form of a questionnaire in French composed by closed-ended questions to be answered by 100 francophone Skema students chosen randomly across various classrooms. We obtained a 100% response rate. The analysis of the study results has indicated that despite the fact that practically...
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...Waste Manag (2005) 7:1–7 DOI 10.1007/s10163-004-0119-9 © Springer-Verlag 2005 SPECIAL FEATURE: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Material Cycles and Waste Management is Asia (2) Chun-Chao Lin · Chun-hsu Lin What substances or objects should be recycled? The recycling legislative experience in Taiwan Received: October 1, 2004 / Accepted: October 10, 2004 Abstract The legislative framework of waste management in Taiwan has never been efficient, mainly due to unclear definitions and regulations. In 2002, this system was split into two parts by enacting a new law, the Resource Recycling and Re-use Act (RRRA). However, it then became more complicated and recycling effectiveness was impeded. The causes were mainly the unclear definitions, conflicts about the scope, and issues between the RRRA and the Waste Disposal Act (WDA). This article examines the recycling legislation experience in Taiwan, and proposes two modifications for resolving these problems. The first proposal is merging these two acts into one. The second proposed modification maintains a two-system structure but introduces a new subject, “discards,” into the law. The subject of discards is further categorized as “recyclable resources” or “waste,” which correspond to “recycling operations” and “disposal operations,” respectively. The new structures, interfaces, prerequisites, properties, and comparisons are also explained. Key words Waste · Recyclable resources · Discards · Definition Introduction Finding suitable sites for...
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...South Delaware Coors, Inc Brains On Tap Todd Whitaker, Debbi Danner-Rios, Aleisha Humphrey, Scott Roberts, Eric Puckett 1. What consumer behavior can Larry expect if he introduces Coors to South Delaware? Short-term behavior? Long-term behavior? 2. Who are Coors’s competitors? How does Coors differentiate itself from its competition? Heineken and Anheuser Bush are the main competitors. They differentiate themselves with their brand image. Brand image includes several different areas such as Refrigerated shipping, non-pasteurization, recycling their cans. They are a family owned company who is committed to quality beer. 3. What are the pros and cons of each marketing research report? Manson & Associates will bring an objective third party view to the research, but they won't know the ins and outs of the business like an internal employee might. Manson & Associates have up-to-date knowledge of research and analysis tools, but they can't always communicate or predict the value or outcomes as well as an internal employee might. Manson & Associates can be a costly expense, ($18,549.50) but decreased client headcount and other various efficiencies, that they can take advantage of can effectively minimize costs while maximizing value. Manson & Associates have the ability to contact a high volume of customers, but they don't always represent the client's company as well as the company itself would. Manson & Associates have the ability...
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...CHAPTER II CONCEPTUAL LITERATURE This chapter presents the studies which relates to the present and the background regarding the aspects of the research the information gathered. The study of Villoso (2007) which is “Casino Filipino: It’s impact to the Tourism Industry as perceived by the resident of Tagaytay City” aimed to determine the acceptability of Casino Filipino and its impacts to tourism industry as perceived by the residents of Tagaytay City. They find out the cultural, economic, and social impacts of Casino Filipino to the tourism industry as perceived by the residents of Tagaytay City. They used the descriptive form of method research to gather the needed information. They asked 150 residents of Tagaytay City. Questionnaire was used as the main tool in gathering needed information. In cultural impacts, the highest mean of score they got is in the preservation and restoration of heritage site, next is the acceptance of tourist values, revival of traditional arts and crafts. In economic impacts, the highest mean of score they got is in the better employment opportunities, next is the improved community infrastructure, and improvement of small businessess. Last is the social impacts, the residents respond by giving highest score in increasing public service, benefits to the residents, improved the communication skills is also considered. All of the three impacts as we can see is respectively agreed by the respondent. Coccossis...
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...International Journal of Applied Engineering Research. ISSN 0973-4562, Volume 8, Number 16 (2013) pp. 1871-1878 © Research India Publications http://www.ripublication.com/ijaer.htm Case Study of Solid Waste Management at a College Campus Abhilash Krishna, Krishna Nandanan, Pradeep Kumar S.S. and Srihari K.S. Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Amrita School of Engineering, Coimbatore, India. Abstract This paper examines the technical, economic and environmental aspects of the waste management techniques practiced at an educational campus in South India. It encompasses the entire spectrum of waste collection, segregation, reuse, recycle, incineration and landfill. An in-depth analysis of this process has been done as it helps to both emulate and improve this complex yet essential practice. The study involves interaction with people directly associated with this process by which a clear understanding of the technical and management aspect of the entire process can be obtained. It has also provided a substantial amount of raw data regarding the amount and types of waste generated, labour, cost and other related aspects. Appropriate suggestions and justifications had been put forth to improve the efficiency of the system. Keywords: Bio-degradable waste, compost, non bio-degradable waste, waste management. 1. Introduction A sample population of 8000 people in a 450-acre college campus had been considered. The college campus is located in a nondescript village...
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...room rental with fully equipped office facilities & furniture. It is located in the developing business hubs of Kowloon East district – Kwun Tong where is proposed to develop as another business core district by the government (Policy Address, 2011-2012). With the growing demand of office space, it is important to utilities and extends the flexibility of the design of the office space; to provide necessary services and facilities to adapt the needs and expectation of business clients through analyzing the planning strategies and key feasibility issues, result in generating sufficient revenue and profit to the business center. 2. Methodology The methodology for carrying out this feasibility study has three main components. The first one comes with studying academic theories, the Hospitality Concepts (Ransley & Ingram, 2004) and the Three Product Levels (Kotler, 1994) are applied in this facilities planning project in order to measure the feasibility of business center development. Besides that, in order to illustrate the planning of the business center development, the existing companies in the market are used; the examples are Compass Office, OneStart Business Center and Vantage Business with reference of their office facilities, meeting equipment and service provided. Thirdly, the use of market research data in terms of web-based searches, press searches and research report to support the appropriateness for the market, the demand characteristics, market supply and competition...
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...INTRODUCTION I. History of the Study The first washateria was opened in 1936 in Fort Worth, Texas by Noah Brannen. Most washaterias in the United States are fully automated and coin operated and generally unmanned operating 24 hours a day. The first UK launderette was opened on 9 May 1949 in Queensway (London). UK launderettes are mainly fully automated; coins operated and are a combination of manned and unmanned. Some may be manned during fewer hours than the opening time each week. They are generally found only in urban and suburban areas and have been common features of urban life since the 1960s; in the last two decades there has been a decline in the number of launderettes to approximately 3000 nationally. Rapidly rising utility charges, premises rent and lower purchase cost of domestic machines have been noted as principal reasons for the recent decline. High initial launch costs, specifically around commercial washing machines and dryers have also been commented on as reasons for fewer new entrants into the market. Furthermore, machine updates can be prohibitively expensive which have held back premises investment. However, most UK households have bedding such as duvets and comforters which are far above the capacity of domestic machines, making launderettes the only source of cleaning them. Many UK manned operations have added value services such as ironing, dry cleaning and service washes which prove popular to busy professionals...
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...Case Study of Solid Waste Management at a College Campus Abhilash Krishna1, Krishna Nandanan2, Pradeep Kumar S.S.3, Srihari K.S.4 Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Amrita School of Engineering, Coimbatore, India. abhilash.krishnadbz@gmail.com1,krishna_92@hotmail.com2,sspk1992@gmail.com3,srihariks12@gmail.com4 ABSTRACT This paper examines the technical, economic and environmental aspects of the waste management techniques practiced at an educational campus in South India. It encompasses the entire spectrum of waste collection, segregation, reuse, recycle, incineration and landfill. An in-depth analysis of this process has been done as it helps to both emulate and improve this complex yet essential practice. The study involves interaction with people directly associated with this process by which a clear understanding of the technical and management aspect of the entire process can be obtained. It has also provided a substantial amount of raw data regarding the amount and types of waste generated, labour, cost and other related aspects. Appropriate suggestions and justifications had been put forth to improve the efficiency of the system. Keywords - bio-degradable waste, compost, non bio-degradable waste, waste management. 1. INTRODUCTION A sample population of 8000 people in a 450-acre college campus had been considered. The college campus is located in a nondescript village in South India. In such a populous community, generation of large amount of wastes...
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...Ban the Bag or Bag the Ban: An In-depth Look Into Austin’s Ban on Single-Use Bags In today’s day and age, the topic of environmental sustainability and the protection of the environment are found at the basis of a multitude of political debates and arguments. The way we, and our government, view the protection of the environment and the impact we have on the world around us has shaped the types of policies that governments in the U.S. have passed. One of these policies which has been implemented in a variety of cities around the United States, including Austin, is the ban on single-use plastic and paper bags. This ban has been hotly debated, and there are many people who view it as beneficial and many others who see it as unnecessary and imposing. Either way the impacts of this policy are far-reaching in how it can affect customers, businesses, and the environment. In this paper, I will show the conflicting arguments in this ongoing debate, focusing on the bag ban implemented in Austin in early 2013. We will begin by looking at the two opposing sides to the argument. There are many groups of people who advocated for the implementation of a city ordinance banning single-use bags in Austin and who continue to support it. The Austin City Government, led by Mayor Lee Leffinwell, and the Austin Resource Recovery, formerly known as the Solid Waste Services (SWS) Department, were the main proponents who pushed the ordinance into effect. In addition, the Zero Waste Advisory Commission...
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...www.elsevier.com/locate/worlddev World Development Vol. 30, No. 9, pp. 1539–1560, 2002 Ó 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved Printed in Great Britain 0305-750X/02/$ - see front matter PII: S0305-750X(02)00058-X Women in Sustainable Development: Empowerment through Partnerships for Healthy Living CLAUDIA MARA VARGAS * I University of Vermont, Burlington, USA Summary. — This article seeks to take partnerships seriously. Specifically, it is concerned with the nature, opportunities, and challenges facing women’s nongovernmental organization (NGOs), which seek to make real contributions to sustainable development. It uses a case study of COFERENE, a successful women’s NGO in Costa Rica, to explore the nature of partnerships, the contextual factors that shape them, the successes that can be realized from their wise use, and the potential problems that may arise. There are lessons, both optimistic and cautionary, to be learned from COFERENE’S experiences. This article analyzes these lessons. In synthesis, partnerships are complex and demanding, though there are cases in which women’s NGOs have used them effectively to foster sustainable development. Ó 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. Key words — geographical focus: global, country specific: Costa Rica, sustainable development, partnerships, culture, nonprofits A woman said that her father was a street sweeper. If some people consider this a humble job, her opinion was that a person who has the job of...
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...associated with emission of radiation which is detrimental to the environment and its inhabitant. They sites are characterize by contamination and pollution of the environment of which are at the center of adverse public attention and concern. Uranium mining regardless of its effects, their economic importance to the world at larger as an alternative source of energy generation now and in the future have pave the way for uranium mining to continue operating. Uranium (U-238) that is mined is mostly used in nuclear reactor to produce nuclear energy. However, uranium and the daughter products are radioactive and, to an extents, detrimental to human health and the environment. Hence, a comprehensive review starting with exploration and feasibility studies and processing and/or operation, to commissioning and then to closure, decommissioning and remediation/rehabilitation of the environment, understanding is a vital criteria realize sustainable development with the prime on employee and public safety, safety and security, transport, waste management, threat assessment and to prevent undue burden on future generation. 2. URANIUM MINING OVERVIEWS 2.1. RADIATION MANAGEMENT PLAN IN URANIUM MINING Radiation management plan are drafted to covers all the relevant aspect of a comprehensive radiation management plan in detail for the protection of the workers, the environment and for sustainable development. RMP for uranium mines are designed to address: Sources of Exposure- It contain sufficient...
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...Department of Computing, Engineering, and Technology The Life cycle (Environmental and Economic) Assessment of Complex Building Construction Project A Critical Reference Report Project Management and Control ENGM91 Assignment 1 Name: Manoj Rajendran Student ID: 149142740 1. Introduction Environmental issue has become economically important from the civil construction project. Especially in complex building project. As the construction field in need of resources like steel, cement, and power generation, it could definitely affect the eco-friendly system. Hence the sustainability of environmental and economic assessment should be conduct in entire life cycle of building construction project (Chan-joong Kim, 2015)The economic, social development and environmental protection are the major aspects of sustainability in building industry, which represents the impact of using raw material. Moreover the developed countries like Europe and USA has the findings that building operation contributes more to greenhouse gas emissions (B. De Meester, 2008). The usage of energy intensive elements is right from the start of the building which gives more importance to the development of environmental sustainability. But it is highly concern that...
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...Chapter 2: Executive Summary Name of the Business The name of the company is Confianza Archiving Solutions. Confianza is the Spanish word for “trust,” the most basic requirement and expectation of an offsite file management company. The company aims to assure the safety and confidentiality in handling clients’ materials. Contents with vulnerable and sensitive information will be given due professional care. Confianza provides clients the peace of mind in knowing that their data is safeguarded. Location The proposed business will be situated at Lot 15, Barangay Ususan, Taguig City. The location is a warehouse and lot. Taguig is best suited to cater the necessities of the organization. It attests to be a better area for safe-keeping client media compared to the more congested places of business around the metro (e.g., Makati, Pasig). The accessibility to airports, recent construction of the C-5 highway and other upcoming road projects like the C-6 makes it an ideal and suitable place in conducting business. Descriptive Definition of the Project Confianza Archiving Solutions will provide file management to various sectors especially those with “paper-heavy” operations. Services include file storage, prompt document retrieval, and responsible disposal for obsolete/sensitive records—all with the continuous assurance of secure and safe facilities, state-of-the-art tracking and inventory systems, and punctual logistics. Confianza is a closely held...
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...Strategic Management Report – an External Environment Analysis Hsinyin Tan Strategic Management Report – an External Environment Analysis This essay will provide two aspects of environmental assessments undertaken on 800 Super Holdings Limited (800): a macro-environmental PESTEL analysis, and an industry analysis using Porter’s Five Forces of how 800 fairs in today’s competitive environment. 800 Super Holdings Limited 800 is a home grown company with humble beginnings in 1986 before its IPO offering and listing on the SGX-Catalist on 15 July 2011. An established integrated environmental solutions provider, 800’s business lies in waste management (WM) and recycling, cleaning and conservancy; and horticultural services. With its broad range of services, 800’s customer base is diverse and ranges from municipals to the industrial, institutional and commercial sectors (800 super, 2015). 800 has posted healthy profits year after year, with FY2014 revenue increasing 17.9% to S$115 million and net profit after tax improving 57.1% to $9.1 million (Chairman Statement, 2014); as of HY2015, revenue has already increased 95.4% to S$12.3 million, pushing current net profit to S$4.6 million (800 super, 2015). 800’s recent prominent deals include a Ministry of Home Affairs S$38.6 million three-year contract for cleaning and horticultural services in the East and West regions (shareinvestor, 2015). Winning two out of eight integrated public cleaning (IPC) seven-year contracts in the...
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