...Confucian Humanism Magdalena A. Villaba If one word could characterize Chinese civilization, it would be Humanisn. Humanism is taken to generally mean- that man and his activities are given great importance. Thus, it is said that one of the characteristics of Chinese thought is this- worldliness- in other words, greater attention to life in this world. Humanism’s emphasis is on man’s self- dependence rather than dependence in heaven or the ancestors. In fact, it was a humanism that professes the utility of man and heaven. It is in this sense that humanism has dominated Chinese thought from the dawn of history. Humanism is an outgrowth of historical and social change. To understand Confucius, it is necessary to realize what sort of a world he lived in. He is criticized as having been too much interested in the orderly arrangement of affairs, but it must be remembered that he was trying to bring order out of something close to chaos. To hold his revolutionary ideas and to talk to them as he freely did in a world where these were extremely dangerous gave life adventure enough. Chinese history starts with the Shang dynasty. This civilization suffered a setback when in 1122 B.C., according to traditional chronology, the Shang were conquered by a coalition of relatively rude tribesmen. The conquerors were led by the Chou people who established the Chou dynasty. The invaders pushed their conquest to cover a considerable portion of North China, but it was impossible for them to administer...
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...Zeng Zi, as a Confucian, he canonized filial piety (Xiao) which is the essential part of Confucianism as well as the foundation of virtue. For this reason, there is a need to know more about Confucianism. According to Confucianism, role ethics (especially family roles) has been placed in the very central place of morality. Filial piety remains the most important value regulating the behavior of children towards their elderly parents. It means respecting elderly parents is an obligation as well as the social norm in the Chinese community. As regard to the quotation above, Zeng Zi first mentioned that “We inherit our parents' body”. There is a very famous sentence from The Classic of Filial Piety (Xiao Jing, 孝經) , say, “Our body, hair and...
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...Parents love you most in the world. So you must good relate with your parents. More filial piety and more communicate with them. Then they would be satisfied. Everybody says that daughter is parents’ small cotton-padded jacket. And the relationship with daughter and father is the best in the family. However, I have the best relationship with my mother. My father plays an important role in my family. He is very strict demands on himself. At the same time, he is also strict with me and my mom. In the house of clean and beautiful, he has high standard. In other words, we must achieve his standard in the house. If you couldn’t achieve it, he would be angry. I remember on one occasion, my desk were messy, then he was angry that sweep fall things which on the desk on the floor. And he commanded me clean these things. At last, I cried when I cleaned the room, because I not dare to quarrel. Though this course, I know that why I would follow my father’s thinking to do that he has a power that have ability to influence my behavior and thinking. My father has coercive power to make me follow him. If I don’t follow him, he would be punished me. And he has referent power, because I want to be like him to become an able person. Even in ordinary conversation, I only talk about philosophy with my father, such as the meaning of life. Because when I talk about some interesting things in my life to my father, he always displays the lack of interest. I remember on one occasion, I shared the...
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...LE BRAS BIANCHI Oceane CHINESE CULTURE China is a very interesting country with a lot of values, way of life, cultural traditions and customs differed from western countries. In first we will see the filial piety, which is a very important value for Chinese people, the origins and how it is nowadays and in second time, we will see the taboos in China in different categories. To beginning, it is important to know what is the filial piety to talk about that, filial piety means to be good to one's parents; to take care of them, to engage in good conduct not just towards them but also outside the home so as to bring a good name them and ancestors; to perform the duties of one's job well so as to obtain the material means to support them as well as carry out sacrifices to the ancestors. You have to do not be rebellious; show love, respect and support; display courtesy; ensure male heirs, uphold fraternity among brothers; wisely advise them, including dissuading them from moral unrighteousness; display sorrow for their sickness and death; and carry out sacrifices after their death. It supposed to be the normal behavior for all people around the world, but in China, the origin is very deep and ancient. It is a a concept originating with Confucianism that outlines the way in which family members should interact with each other. It is based on a hierarchical relationship, in which parents and older family rank more highly than children and younger family members, and men rank...
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...SUMMERISE KELLERS SPECIAL GOODS THEORY OF FIFIAL DUTY AND THE MAIN ARGUMENTS IN SUPPORT OF IT. CHOOSE ONE OF THESE ARGUMENTS AND CHALLENGE IT Filial duty can be divided into three separate theories which rely on distinct concepts of duty: the debt account, the gratitude account and the friendship account. In Keller’s view none of the three existing accounts are able to explain why exactly children have certain duties in relation to their parents/vice versa. This is due to the fact that each of these three theories is based on the integration of the “moral relationship between parent and child to some independently understood concept of duty”. This concept becomes more understandable through the observation that this special kind of relationship differs from other relationships in how it is structured and what it contains; To argue the accounts of filial duty Keller introduces a fourth account, the ‘special goods theory’, which recognizes the uniqueness of the parent-child relationship and thus can appropriately asses its duty relations. Due to the specific bond which is the parental-filial bond, the moral relationship found in such cases cannot be understood by comparison to other kinds of relationships. Keller’s alternative theory of special goods is rooted in two presuppositions: (1) Filial duty should be thought of as distinct from other duties in its terms and (2) different forms of duty can be related to different kinds of goods and consequently understood within...
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...Hubei, one I never thought I would set foot in the place, gave me seven days unforgettable memories. This tour I was first exposed to " high-speed rail ," the modes of transport already heard that China has the world 's largest and highest operating speed of high-speed rail network , the ride after this , it had to agree , from Shenzhen to Hubei in just four hours . Hubei vast land , historic , eternal admired by many of their ancestors were born there , which is most familiar with Dong Qu Yuan , in this journey fortunate to visit the hometown of two of the deceased , find those footprints legacy and stories , such as Qu Yuan and the round- moving story of filial piety , and learn new things , it is rare . In addition , the rapid development of China's water conservancy project , the Three Gorges is one of China 's top ten attractions, is also a big selling point of this journey , if not witnessed , nor feel grand and spectacular mention dam . Another worth mentioning is the Yellow Crane Tower , although it takes a lot of effort to walk nine steps, but it can bird's-eye view of the entire organs in Wuhan , really beautiful . The most worth mentioning that student exchanges between the two places , the first time the use of Putonghua , makes me understand that culture and snacks locals , which in local dialect used most interesting. Plus everyone of similar age , especially when you get along happily , there is just one day only acquaintance reluctant mood. Seven days from...
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...Extra Credit: Electric Shadows Reflection The film makes me recall my childhood and my parents’ childhood. It descried a story in a town of Northwest China happened between 1970s and 1980s. At that time, people could only watch the outdoor movie that cemented by celluloid. This film covers the family love, romantic love between two generations and friendship. Also, it gives me a strong feeling of how the Chinese cultural revolution have changed the people’s lives and ideas. From what I learned from the “brief history of China” and Spence’s “the search for modern China”, Mao wanted and desired equal outcomes for all people. Even though the Great Leap Forward and Cultural Revolution caused millions deaths, and it was a miserable failure; it brought fundamental changes to China such as family structure, rural people’s immigration, landscape and so on (Spence & “Brief Story of China”). As shown in the film, the first obvious change is technology. During the Ling Ling’s mother wedding day, there was a small black-white TV as a wedding gift. Everybody were interested in the TV because it was the first time they saw a TV. Later on, the stage of playing celluloid movie was destroyed because everybody were start watching movies at home (Xiao). I felt sad when I saw the scene. I remembered I saw the outdoor celluloid movie when I was young. Me and other kids came very early and sat on the first row. Even though the comfortable chairs were provided, we had no worries of sitting...
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...# 2 The fact that China was not the forerunner of colonization and in the front seat of the industrial and/or scientific revolution is one of history's greatest complexities. Although "Zheng He's fleet led seven major expeditions commanding the largest armada the world would see for five centuries" and proceeded to " underscore just how far ahead of the West the East once was,"it is astonishing and perplexing that China's accomplishments from an explorative and revolutionary perspective were not more pronounced(Reilly 553). Similarly, the power struggles that ensued after YongLe's death resulted in an essential demolition of potential prosperity in voyage. There was an ending of voyages, destruction of Zheng He's sailing records, and a concerted effort to "dismantle China's navy"that all amassed to put a cork in China's explorative progression during a premier time of discovery(556). According to Reilly, there are two and a half reasons amongst the many that historians attribute to China's lack of worldly influence; "Asia was simply not greedy enough", "a culture of complacency", and the fact that "China was a single nation while Europe was many"also attributed to the setbacks that were encountered(557). First and foremost, China's greatest shortcoming is due to their "culture of complacency". It is evident that China's culture and mindset played a major role in their self perpetuated setback because they lacked a central focus and goal; regardless of the fact that...
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...MOMS V SCHROEDER On what contractual grounds could they sue Schroeder? Peppermint Patty? Moms could sue Schroeder on the contractual grounds of personal performance since there is no bargain to switch the “benefits as those promised in the covenant” (Clarkson, Miller & Ross, 2015). Thus, Moms can sue Peppermint Patty on the contractual grounds of breached responsibilities as their special trust has been placed in Peppermint Patty or they depended on the personal skills or talents of Schroeder (Clarkson, Miller & Ross, 2015). Will they prevail? Absolutely, Peppermint Patty’s “performance will vary materially from that expected under the contract, and contractual duties cannot be delegated; as a result, effective delegation of obligations...
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...Filial piety Good morning Principal, Teachers and fellow schoolmates. Have you ever read any one of the stories from “The Twenty-four Filial Exemplars”? These stories depict how some children exercised their filial piety in the past. Most Chinese are quite familiar with these concepts and for centuries, have lived by it. Confucius considered filial piety an imperative moral conduct. The main ideas include loving one’s parents, being respectful, polite, considerate, loyal, helpful, dutiful and obedient. To the Chinese, it is the central ideology and even provides the foundation for many other attitudes. There is a famous Chinese saying says that if a person does not have piety towards his/her parents, how can he/she be loyal towards his/her friends, country or any other? For teenagers, being loyal and devoted to our parents may seem to be anathema to most of us because most of us want to express our independence and freedom. We want to do whatever we want. Some of us may even wonder what the importance of filial piety is. In my opinion, filial piety is especially important because I believe that learning how to be a filial son and daughter would prepare us for the kind of life we want to have in the future. In order to live a life of filial piety, we need to exercise three things: absolute faith, absolute love and absolute obedience. To be a filial son and daughter, we must first exercise absolute faith in our parents. Here we are talking about trusting...
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...Monday. Sun Yunxiao, deputy director of the China Youth Research Center, said filial piety entails respecting and caring for parents and other aged relatives, not obeying them. "Children should learn to understand and respect their parents, but when parents require their children to do everything they want them to do, filial piety becomes a shackle," he said. Xiong Bingqi, deputy director of the 21st Century Education Research Institute, a private, nonprofit policy research body, worried that the program will consist of nothing but empty talk if it is merely based on textbooks. "It's useless to read classic moral teachings if children don't have enough of a chance to practice them in daily life," Xiong said. Nowadays, a lot of parents in China only care about children's academic performance and the only thing children need to do is to get high scores in exams, he said. Xiong said parents should encourage their children to do housework to teach children about sharing family responsibilities. Editorsns in brife civilians and one Get carving Updated: 2011-10-31 10:40 (www.chinadaily.com.cn) [pic][pic] [pic] Plan to teach a million kids filial piety Updated: 2011-11-01 07:27 By He Dan (China Daily) 本期导读 Get carving News in brief Plan to teach a million kids filial piety [pic] BEIJING - A plan to...
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.... Piety is a word that brings up religious images like pious acts of devotion to a religious faith. Piety comes from the Latin pietas meaning dutiful conduct. In ancient Greece piety was more commonly known as Eusebia. Eusebia did not mean either of the above things, but meant more. Eusebia was how one spoke to their slaves or how a seller would be spoken to as well as how one would conduct themselves with the gods in mind. Piety was taken up from Greco-Roman virtue ethics by the Christian tradition. Piety has been a concept that has had various forms through Western history. It had been confused with pity along the way, but the core devotion remained the same. The patriarchal model for piety is a son’s devotion to the father. Literally this remains an important strand of the concept. This also forms a template for other forms of piety. These include devotions to the god’s. Generally the term virtue comes from notions of manliness. It seems to provide a useful frame for understanding the progressive values of piety. Monotheistic religions have the anthropomorphic God, hence piety will always take a form inflected with an anthropomorphic relationship with a personal, willful, engaged deity. The Greeks in the ancient world expressed piety by having festivals, going to shrines, and having sacrifices. The Greeks showed their devotion to the gods publicly as they felt that if the gods where not honored then they would destroy everyone and everything. In Euthyphro Socrates...
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...social living. For every situation there is a proper way to act, talk, and to be. Sometimes to do these correctly, one would have to suppress their desires. The Analects have a saying which is “To subdue one’s self and return to propriety, is perfect virtue”. Li plainly means practicing good manners. Shu is the next virtue and is translated into reciprocity or “How will my actions affect others?” It is basically the Golden Rule: Do unto others as you would have them do unto you. But Confucius’ version sounded more negative in comparison to this. It states “Do not do unto others what you would not wish done to yourself.” His version is called The Silver Rule due to the negative tone. The fourth virtue is Xiao. Its translation is “filial piety” or is better understood as honor thy father and mother....
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...The Ideal Person The Ideal person is one of several teachings that Confucius taught. Confucius believed that the ideal person would become an excellent leader and nurture and harmonious society. Confucius believed that both an ideal person and a harmonious society complemented each other. He believed that the ideal person could keep society in tune and a in tune society could produce ideal people. In Confucius eyes everyone has the capability of achieving this level. This was different than the Daoism belief that one can only achieve this level only through isolation. Confucius believed that in order for harmony to exist in society everyone had a role to play (MOLLOY). He placed these roles into the five great relationships. The first was Father-son relationship, which Confucius considers to be the core of the foundation of Society. Second, was Elder brother-Younger brother relationship, the elder brother had a responsibility on raising his/her younger siblings. The third responsibility was husband and wife, which meant that they must care for one another. The fourth responsibility was Elder-younger, which meant the Elder person had a responsibility on lending a hand to the younger generation. Finally the fifth responsibility was ruler-subject, which meant the rulers were presented as a father figure to all. Just as social harmony comes from the living out of the Five Great Relationships, so personal excellence comes from the manifestation of five virtues....
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...goal? What features of the dialogue align his goals? I will also give own definition of piety/holiness and then take on the role of Socrates and respond to my own definition as I think he would. Plato conversation set close to the king Archon court were Socrates and Euthrophy cross words. The conversation surround Socrates trying to understand the concept of how gods see piety and impious in mankind. The debate between Socrates and Euthrophy is that Socrates wants a new form of definition for pious and impious needs to man needs to be judge by man not from god’s justice. The concept of holiness explain how to be devout religiously not the act of being love. The conversation emphasize the true meaning of piety and impiety, and important conversation between Socrates and Euthrophy took place because Socrates does not believe in tales mythology and Socrates would like a more reasonable answer to all his questions. At the end of the conversation both Socrates and Euthrypho concluded that holiness as something love by Gods because of stated of being holy First Euthrophy defines holiness as what is he doing as prosecuting his father is essential because it has incurred the religious principles. But Socrates rejects this definition as it was just an example of piety and it was not sufficient to reveal the foundational attributes of piety (Plato, 2013). Euthyphro’s second attend to define piety...
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