...Salmon first discovered Salmonellosis in 1885 that later took the name Salmonella. The first strain of salmonella came from the intestine of a pig. Many cases of the bacteria were found predominantly in Europe and North America since Mr. Salmon’s first discovery. Salmonella is a bacteria of toxic substances found in the digestive system of warm blooded mammals that can trigger food poisoning, thphoid fever, and inflammation of the stomach and intestines. Once salmonella is identified in the individual’s system more test are performed to determine the type. Salmonella typically surfaces in the spring and summer months than the fall and winter. Wild animals, pet house animals such as birds, chickens, pigs, cats, dogs and reptiles and contaminated food products normally carry salmonella. In studies, salmonella affects infants, children, and elderly people significantly more due to their weak and sometimes undeveloped immune systems. With these types of patients, the bacteria may spread through the intestine to the blood stream and cause more deadly harm. In some situations, outbreaks of salmonella food poisoning are located in hospitals, restaurants, and organizations primarily for the elderly and children. A different type of salmonella bacteria causes thphoid fever disease. Several routes exists that Salmonella transfers through the most common route is poultry and the use of raw eggs. Generally, there are no indications of the bacteria in chickens this one factor makes...
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...to provide culturally appropriate, holistic care. One of the ways to learn about a person’s heritage is by using the Heritage Assessment (HA). The HA tool has 29 questions and is a reliable method used to collect data on the patients’ traditional heritage. This paper will discuss the usefulness of the Heritage Assessment (HA) tool, this student’s summary of personal learning, this student’s cultural heritage common health traditions, in addition to the differences in health traditions from three different cultures in relation to health maintenance, protection, and restoration. We have to understand our own cultural beliefs, values, attitudes, and practices that are relevant to health and illness before we can understand others (Jarvis, 2012). People have different views on health and illness which is influenced by their cultural beliefs. According to Jarvis (2012), to be culturally competent, one must have knowledge of one’s own personal heritage, the heritage of the patient, nursing profession, and health care system. The Heritage Assessment is a useful tool to build cultural competency by collecting relevant data to assist the healthcare providers to provide better care. The tool assists healthcare providers to bridge the gap to better understand the patients’ belief system resulting in a better healthcare experience for all participants involved. For example, if the family is the support group for a patient, then we need to include family members in the patient’s care. ...
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...cultural background in relationship with health, illness and diseases. Heritage and culture are different just like individual fingerprint. When looking at someone’s heritage and tradition, it consists of methods used to maintain health, protect health, and restore health. These concepts deal with person’s physical, mental and spiritual belief. Every individual has their own heritage, and this is very different among different cultures. ( Spector 2009). Heritage assessment tool in combination with questions relating to health and illness belief and practices was helpful in helping individuals remember events in their childhood and also the influence of culture and belief relating to health and illness practices. To summarize heritage assessment tools, people have diverse beliefs about health, Illness, disease, birth and death, which are directed by culture. Heritage assessment is an important step towards building understanding of cultural competency. It is a phenomenon that recognizes diversity, both in linguistic and cultural adeptness by the health care provider. A person’s culture, beliefs, heritage, and language have a substantial impact on both the patient and the health care provider within the health care system (Spector 2009). The question in heritage assessment tool cleared a pathway for opening up dialogue about ones beliefs regarding health, illness, spirituality, family support and personal values...
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...requiring treatment, obesity, and the absence of basic health screening measures such as cholesterol testing, high blood pressure screening, Pap smears, and mammograms. The authors also identified a need for translators and for education regarding preventative self-care, such as breast self-examinations. The majority of Russian people belong to a church, even if they may in practice not be regular attendees. Of the total Russia-born population in Australia the major religions are: • Russian Orthodox (27.2%) • Jewish (19.5%) • Western Catholic (5.6%) • 19.3% stated ‘No religion’ Remember there can be a difference between nominating a particular religion to practicing that religion in ones’ everyday life (or whether all or some rituals/practices within that religion are observed). Equally, just because a person when young did not practice or observe their religion doesn’t mean as the person ages he/she might now wish to practice. Health is maintained by food they eat. The essential components of Russian cuisine are those foods that provide the most carbohydrates and fat rather than proteins eg. bread, potatoes, meat, eggs and butter. Fresh fruits and vegetables are rarely used in meals. Meals Breakfast Usually this is a quick meal. Adults are likely to have an open sandwich with cheese, ham or salami with a cup of tea. Children tend to eat a cooked meal consisting of a...
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...The Government Needs to Take Action in Mandatory Birth Control. Children are our leaders of the future and deserve to be given the healthiest life possible. There are many times a person has witnessed parenting skills at its worst. This is a problem in every country. Are these parents fit to have children? There are parents who have mental health problems, families whose parents have extensive criminal records, there are babies born with drugs and alcohol in their system, and lastly, families living in poverty. Should the government have a say in who should or should not reproduce? In order to have a healthy and sustainable population in our country, parent should have mandatory parental licensing before reproducing. Some children...
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... Culture is the shared patterns of values, behaviors, and traditions of a group that are handed down from generation to generation. Ethnicity highlights the culture and social characteristics of this group. Religion is a belief of a divine power that is obeyed and worshipped. (Current Nursing). Cultural values related to health status shape behaviors and can determine what an individual will do to maintain health, how they will care for themselves, how they will care for others that become ill, and where they will seek out healthcare. Values and perceptions of health and illness evolve from the socialization process with a person’s ethnic group (Edelman &Mandle, 2010). Cultural competency embraces the idea that “all things are connected”. (Spector). Health is considered a balance of a person’s physical, mental and spiritual being plus the outside world of the natural, communal, and metaphysical. Illness would be the imbalance of the same, and healing is the restoration of balance. (Spector). Family interviews were conducted using the Heritage Assessment Tool developed by R. Spector. I used my own information which is...
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...Heritage Assessment Tool Samantha Rich Grand Canyon University May 21, 2013 The Heritage Assessment Tool (HAT) is a way to asses an individual’s ethnic, religious, and cultural heritage as well as health traditions. Using this tool allows healthcare providers to deliver high quality patient care as well as develop a therapeutic relationship and healing approach. Being able to deliver high quality care to patients and families is of utmost importance for nurses. In order to be most efficient in the delivery the nurse has to be culturally competent. Being culturally competent encompasses more than just asking where a patient was born. In America, this is due to the fact that a good portion of the population consists of people who have immigrated from all over the world (Edelman, Kudzma, & Mandle, 2014). This paper discusses the usefulness of using the HAT when evaluating three culturally diverse families. The Italian Americans, Spanish Americans, and Filipino Americans will be compared to identify the differences in health protection, health maintenance, health restoration, common health traditions and practices. The HAT assessment consists of twenty-nine questions that focus specifically on an individual’s cultural background, religious practices, beliefs, and family relations. By using the Heritage Assessment Tool the nurse learns about the patient’s culture which assists in better caring for a culturally wide range of patients (Saver, 2007). Not only does this...
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...Value/Belief Pattern, Health Perception/Management Pattern, Nutrition/Metabolic Pattern, Elimination (Environmental Health Concerns), Activity/Exercise Pattern. African Americans make up the single largest racial minorities in the states. Most African Americans are of west and Central African descent and are descendants of enslaved Africans within the boundaries of the present United States. However, some immigrants from African, Caribbean, Central American or South American nations, or their descendants, may be identified or self-identify with the term. Values and belief pattern African American has strong kinship bonds, strong work orientation, strong religious orientation, adaptable family roles, use informal support network – church or community, distrust of government & social services – feel “big brother doesn’t care about us’’, most are assimilated to the Anglo-American culture, take care of their own, don’t like to admit they need help – strong sense of pride, lack of knowledge about available services and how the system works, natural remedies used frequently – laying on of hands and prayer are used to heal, Poverty impacts education, self-esteem, quality of life and lifestyle across the lifespan, seniors are highly respected – aging represents respect, authority and wisdom, tend to keep things hidden within the family system – fear being disgraced or family being disgraced. African American has core values like sharing, expressing personal style, being real...
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...P2: Explain the potential effects of five different life factors, on the development of an individual. These are the five life factors on the development of an individual Genetic Biological Environmental Socioeconomic Lifestyle 1: Genetic – Psoriasis. My mother inherited Psoriasis from her mother. What is Psoriasis? Psoriasis is a common skin problem affecting about 2% of the population. It occurs equally in men and women, at any age, and tends to come and go unpredictably. It is not infectious, and does not scar the skin. There is more likely to be a family history of psoriasis in people who get it when they are young than in those who develop it when they are old. A child with one parent with psoriasis has roughly a 1 in 4 chance of developing psoriasis too. If one of a pair of twins has psoriasis, the other twin has a 70% chance of having it too if the twins are identical, but only a 20% chance if the twins are not identical.ihiu8ggoyf Treatments fall into three categories: topical – creams and ointments that are applied to your skin phototherapy – your skin is exposed to certain types of ultraviolet light systemic – oral and injected medications that work throughout the entire body My mother finds it difficult to wear short sleeve tops as she doesn’t like the way that her skin appears. Its can also cause my mum some pain (burning sensations, itching and flakey skin). My mother has had this since she was a child and has been to see her GP who...
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...Cultural Assessment Purnell Model: Cultural Assessment Ashley Bell Western New Mexico University August 29, 2010 Cultural Assessment Purnell Model Overview and Heritage S. R. is a 31-year old soft spoken Filipino female. Her primary language is English. Her family dialect of Tagalog is understood, but not spoken fluently. Tagalog is the national language in the Philippine society, and English is the second official language. (McBride, 2001) Presently she resides in Pearland Texas with her husband and 20 month old daughter. Born and raised in Webster Texas she is of Filipino ancestry, and considers herself “Asian American” (personal communication, August 20, 2010). Her father and mother were born in the Philippines. They came to the United States two years prior to her birth seeking educa-tion and career opportunities (personal communication, August 20, 2010). S. R. is of middle class income, allowing her to afford the essentials of life without difficulties; providing her family with full health benefits through her employer. She is a Registered Nurse, with a bachelors in nursing and early education. S. R. worked as a first grade teacher for two years prior to going obtaining her BSN. Current working conditions expose her to anesthetic agents, communicable diseases, radiation and germicidal chemicals (personal communication, August 20, 2010). Biocultural Ecology S. R. identifies herself with the Filipino race. She has light brown skin, a round...
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...restoration of health (Edelman, 2014). To analyze this theory three families of different ethnic backgrounds were interviewed using a heritage assessment tool which included additional health related questions. After completing these assessments the author believes that it is important to incorporate knowledge of a cultural heritage assessment into their practice and that this exercise is a beneficial learning experience for health professional students in order to apply an optimal plan for health promotion and restoration (Schmidt and Owens, 2012). The first family is an African American family, the Carters. This family consists of a mother, father and four school age children who speak English. All members of the Carter family were born in America, as...
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...People from all over the world are here with different cultures. As United States has increasingly cultural diversity -Asian are 3.6 %, one tenth % of US population will be foreign born by 2050 (Gregory Juckett, 2005). It has become very important to understand and respect this various cultural beliefs especially in the healthcare system. All cultures have equal values and are different from one another. Heritage Assessment is a tool to help us know about one beliefs and the health tradition. Heritage tool help the author recognized different cultures thoughts, beliefs. This tool helps to evaluate the similarities and differences between different cultures. No one becomes culturally competent overnight or with one or two hours of training; certain attitudes need to be learned, skills transmitted, and knowledge absorbed (California Endowment, 2003). People from different culture have different beliefs about their health traditions. They have a different approach for protection, maintenance, and restoration of their health. This paper will compare the similarities and differences regarding health practice methods among the Hindus, Muslims, and White cultures. This author, Hindu female from Nepal, completed a heritage assessment. Author interviewed the first generation Muslim female born in Pakistan and a Caucasian female from USA. The author interviewed with both women noticed the differences between beliefs on health Protection, health maintenance and health restoration...
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...child would be born. The child a new born baby wouldn’t have been able to digest food other then breast mill or a substitute. The child wouldn’t have been able to hear everything as a baby’s brain isn’t fully developed at this life stage. The child would have been able to tell the difference between the way things taste and the way their mother smelt. A baby is born with various temporary and primitives reflexes some of these are: A new-born baby will turn their heads towards any touch on the cheek. This is called the rooting reflex and helps the baby to get the nipple or bottle into their mouth to feed. If you place a finger in a baby palm, they will grasp your finger tightly. This reflex is called the grasp reflex. If a baby is startled, this could be by a loud noise, they will throw their hands and arms outwards, arching the back and straightening their back this is called the startle reflex. If a new-born baby is held upright with their feet touching the ground, they will make movements as if their attempting to walk. This is called the walking reflex. A child would have the physical ability to recognise and interact with people. The child would have preferred to listen to other peoples voices; this would have been a good thing as they learn to listen to their mother’s voice. Intellectual: A baby should be able to recognise sounds as the brains grown fast. They are also able to make variations of sounds due to increased vocabulary. Babies are born with the ability...
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...[pic] FOOD SAFETY / FOOD DEFENSE RESPONSE PLAN September 2006 This document was prepared by Kenadine Johnson and staff Montana Office of Public Instruction Helena, Montana FOOD SAFETY/FOOD DEFENSE RESPONSE PLAN TABLE OF CONTENTS ACRONYMS----------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-3 RESOURCES----------------------------------------------------------------------- 4 A listing of links and papers we used to help compile this document. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ------------------------------------------------------ 5 SECTION I: INTRODUCTION Foreword ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 6 Introduction-------------------------------------------------------------------------- 7 Purpose------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 7 Goals---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 7 SECTION II: SITUATIONS AND ASSUMPTIONS----------------------- 8-9 SECTION III: CONCEPT OF OPERATIONS A. Incident Identification---------------------------------------------------------- 10 B. Notification and Action Triggers--------------------------------------------- 10 C. Communication----------------------------------------------------------------- 11 D. Interstate Coordination--------------------------------------------------------- 11 E. Food Team-----------------------------------------------------------------------...
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...(Green & Reinckens, 2013). The purpose of this paper is to discuss the usefulness of the Heritage Assessment Tool to evaluate the needs of a person as a whole; identify and evaluate common health practices based on cultural beliefs and values of three different families from Mexico, Philippines and China and how they subscribe to these traditions and practices to address their familys’ health maintenance, health protection and health recovery. The writer will include her culture as well. Efficacy of Heritage Assessment Tool The Heritage Assessment Tool is useful to evaluate the cultural needs and health traditions of a person. The assessment consists on a set of questions that explores a person’s ethnicity, traditions, language, religion, food, and family values. By applying the Heritage Assessment, the nurse can obtain cultural information regarding religious beliefs, language preference and the degree of acculturation. Interpretation of the results are as follow: the greater the number of positive responses, the greater the person’s identification with his or her heritage. This cultural...
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