...“The phenomenon develops calmly, but it is invisible, unstoppable. One feels, one sees it born and grow steadily; and it is not in one's power to either hasten or slow it down.” This quote was stated by Leon Foucault during his exploration of Earth’s relation to a pendulum. When asked to think about the names of some inventors, Jean Bernard Léon Foucault is usually not your first choice. There have been many inventors before and after him with extremely revolutionary products, and plenty with names that are far easier to spell, but Leon Foucault has contributed a massive amount to physics and astronomy. He is widely known for his invention of the Foucault pendulum and the gyroscope, and he also discovered Eddy Currents. Foucault was born in the city of love, Paris, on September 18th, 1819. His father, Jean Léon Fortune Foucault, was a publisher and bookseller, but passed away when Leon was only nine years old due to illness. His widowed mother raised him from there...
Words: 419 - Pages: 2
...have occurred elsewhere and sparked large scale investigation and media scrutiny. In all of these corporate failures, the level or absence of disclosure has had a lot to do with the unexpectedness of the collapse. This paper analyses the HIH collapse within a Foucaldian framework to demonstrate the need for accountants and auditors to work together so as to avoid criticism of the profession arising from unexpected corporate failures in the future. INTRODUCTION The purpose of this paper is to analyse the collapse of HIH and the role of its auditor, Andersen, within a Foucauldian framework encompassing archeology and genealogy of power and knowledge. The mythical Jedi force is used as a metaphor for power attained by the accounting profession through its claim to superior knowledge and skill to be applied in the public interest. Accordingly, the force includes professional ethics. The dark side is used as a metaphor for the collapse of HIH because accounting standards and practices, the accounting profession's power base, were used to conceal impending collapse resulting in the escalation of losses to policy holders, creditors and the general public. Regulatory responses to the Royal Commission into the collapse of HIH are viewed for purposes of this paper as the return of the Jedi in that the Corporate Law Economic Reform Programme (CLERP 9) proposals are aimed at strengthening corporate governance including auditor...
Words: 7735 - Pages: 31
...Introduction The role of hyper-consumerism on culture as a source of control and power relations has been discussed by a variety of scholarly voices. Among the most prominent is Michel Foucault, who described the various ways that consumer markets circumscribe public spaces, placing important distinctions between class members. In particular, Foucault discusses heterotopia – the public space which carries both physical and psychological gravity. For Foucault, public spaces are characterized by existing without truly existing. The heterotopia serves as a metaphor for a larger context while having the appearance and characteristics of other everyday spaces. Tyndall takes this notion a step further by developing social rules that are attached to consumer places, such as malls and shopping districts (Tyndall, 2009). This version of consumer-driven rules – culled from qualitative research and personal interviews – depicts a new notion of public-ness that is less egalitarian than ever before. It is a version of public space that is not entirely open to the public. Baker adds to this perspective by historicizing the commercialization of public space, dating the use widespread use of public space for advertising purposes to before the dawn of the 20th century (Baker, 2007). This argument inextricably links the notion of “culture” with “consumerism”, and sets the stage for the potential for access to public spaces to be consumed, or purchased. Finally, Klingle underscores this...
Words: 1702 - Pages: 7
...Instructor: Mr. Simbarashe Chiduma A RESEARCH PAPER Submitted to Baker College in partial fulfillment of requirements For class: Soc 201 Winter 2012 Homosexual is defined as: “of, relating to, or characterized by a tendency to direct sexual desire toward another of the same sex” (Webster’s Dictionary, 4th ed., 2003) The nature approach is based on a chance that humans are born with a specific gene that determines if they will be homosexual. "In other words, some people are born gay." (Johnson, 2003) The nurture approach tells that people are influenced by their surroundings. In this approach, "A nurtured gay person is one that is 'made' gay." (Johnson, 2003) Originally the American Psychological Association (APA) had deemed homosexuality a mental disease. The debate now- a-days revolve around if sexuality is based on nature, a person’s environment, or based on nurture, a person’s upbringing. Alfred Kinsey pioneered one of the earliest experiments in the 1930s. Kinsey’s research resulted in little besides putting the word homosexual into the common language. Karen Hooker completed the first psychological test in 1957. The research was put together to investigate the relationship between homosexuality, psychological development, and illness. The subjects were given three tests, the Rorschach, TAT, and MAPS. She determined that there was no link between social determinism of sexuality. As an outcome of Hooker’s research, the APA released a statement in 1975...
Words: 937 - Pages: 4
...TH 502 Social Sciences Winter Semester 2013 Prof Anne-Marie Willis Office: C3 114 anne.willis@guc.edu.eg Lectures: Wednesday 12.30 – 14.00 in H18 Course Description Social Sciences research phenomena of social interaction and investigate them empirically. Social sciences analyze structure and function as well as the interdependence with action and behavior processes of individuals. The lectures introduce social science thinking and methods that are useful for designer’s research. Students will be able to use methods as interviews, questionnaires, case studies, participant observation, and evaluative techniques. The course seeks to demonstrate the significance of the social sciences (sociology, psychology and anthropology) for design. It does this by describing and analyzing specific examples of the use of social science thinking and methods in design practice. Additionally, the social sciences are contextualized historically, especially in terms of the modes of thinking that underlie them. Learning Outcome, Competences • Detailed knowledge in the fields of design research and social science method • Ability to apply problem-oriented scientific working methods • Ability to comprehend fundamental concepts upon which social sciences are based Assessment Coursework (assignments) 30% Mid-term exam 30% Final exam 40% Assignments will be announced and guidelines given in Lectures 2 and 7. Attendance To complete this course successfully...
Words: 713 - Pages: 3
...contributing women’s perspective to the field, the problem of “gender inequality” has risen to the surface. In this paper, I would like to specifically talk about how beauty ideals that have been set up for women play its role in creating an unequal power relation between men and women. For the sake of clarity, the beauty ideals I focus on this paper are not limited to the appearances but general expectations that society make of an “ideal women”. To begin with a simple example from today’s society, women are judged by their appearances more than their abilities, and to makes things worse, their appearances are compared with...
Words: 1539 - Pages: 7
...networks,”1 rejecting the idea that there is such a thing as a nonhierarchical interconnectedness that structures our contemporary world and means of communication. Michael Hardt and Antonio Negri, on the other hand, argue that the Internet is an exemplar of the rhizome: a nonhierarchical, noncentered network—a democratic network with “an indeterminate and potentially unlimited number of interconnected nodes [that] communicate with no central point of control.”2 Our journey begins with early modernism, and if early modernism had a theme, it was oneness. This focus on oneness or unity, on the whole rather than on individual parts, What is at stake in settling this dispute? Being. And, knowledge and power in that being. More specifically, this paper explores how a theory of social ontology has evolved to theories of social ontologies, how the modernist notion of global understanding of individuals working toward a common (rationalized and objectively knowable) goal became pluralistic postmodern theories embracing the idea of local networks. Furthermore, what this summary journey of theoretical evolution allows for is a consideration of why understandings of a world comprising emergent networks need be of concern to composition instructors and their practical activities in the classroom: networks produce knowledge. 1. Jodi Dean, Democracy and Other Neoliberal Fantasies: Communicative Capitalism and Left Politics (Durham: Duke University Press, 2009), 30. 2. Michael Hardt and Antonio...
Words: 7643 - Pages: 31
...|Ryan D. Johnson | | |April 30, 2003 | | |[pic] | | |In recent decades, many hotly debated topics have come under the scrutiny of sociobiologists, trying to determine their causation | | |and origins. One such topic is homosexuality. Originally thought by the American Psychological Association (hereafter referred to | | |as APA) to be a mental disorder, research into its causes, origins, and development have consequently led to its removal by the APA | | |from its list of diagnoses and disorders [1]. Many different theories can be found regarding the root of homosexuality, as far back| | |historically as Ancient Greece. The current debate is whether or not homosexuality is a result of nature: a person's environment | | |and surroundings, or of his...
Words: 3083 - Pages: 13
...defined in a very unique way. So, exactly, what is an organization? If we look it up in the dictionary the answer we will more or less find is the following: “a group of people that work together in a structured way for a shared purpose.” (Cambridge Dictionary, online). And this is also what the common belief seems to think. Nevertheless, researchers have analyzed the subject with more in depth observations and have situated this phenomenon in specific historical times. One historical background in particular has been taken into consideration while studying these structures: Capitalism. Capitalist organizations were at the base of the 19th and 20th centuries and researchers from the Frankfurt School, also know as the Institute for Social Research, took time in analyzing them. The major influence at that time was Marxism and the mind of Max Weber. Marxism situates power in the struggle between the workers and the capitalists, and sees organizations as “ those entities that bring together the powerless working class and the powerful capitalists” (Amiridis, 2012). Moreover, the organization is seen as “the stage where this struggle takes place, where capitalists, management...
Words: 2488 - Pages: 10
...Brainia.com Join Now! Login Search Saved Papers 60 Free Essays on Starbucks Control Mechanisms SEARCH Documents 1 - 30 of 1,000 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 ... 34 » Control Mechanisms Control Mechanisms Executive Summary February 1, 2006 The control mechanism for Raytheon Missile Systems and TUSD Food Services is bureaucratic while Pima Medical Institute has culture control. A control is any process that directs the activities of individuals toward the achievement of orga Premium 2 Page 344 Words Foucault and Truffaut: Power and Social Control in French Society Foucault and Truffaut: Power and Social Control in French Society Both Michel Foucault and Truffaut's depiction of a disciplinary society are nearly identical. But Truffaut's interpretation sees more room for freedom within the disciplinary society. The difference stems from Foucault's be Premium 3 Page 727 Words Starbucks Srategy 1) Starbucks used mostly a differentiation strategy, however it had also used a cost leadership strategy. Its differentiation strategy was exemplified by their stores providing an experience, offering interesting coffee-related drinks in a theatrical kind of atmosphere, their unique Coffee blending Premium 4 Page 900 Words Problems in Air Traffic Control and Proposed Solutions Problems in Air Traffic Control and Proposed Solutions In northern California this summer, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) unintentionally performed it's first operational test of...
Words: 1787 - Pages: 8
...Learn. Explore. Write. APA Style Formatting Plagiarism can be intentional. Buying a paper, submitting a friend’s, paying someone to write a paper for you, piecing together text from websites are only some examples. Most of the time, though, plagiarism is unintentional, resulting from a failure to cite sources or to cite them properly according to a style guide. Use this handout as a general guide to APA formatting and refer to the official APA Style Guide for full details: http://www.apastyle.org/ APA Style General Formatting Standard letter paper size 8.5” x 11” Typed at 12 pt. Time New Roman font and double-spaced 1” margins on all sides Page header and number on all pages Page number in top right corner of EVERY page. Title page starts as “1.” Title in top left of EVERY page Title page: “Running head: TITLE OF PAPER” All other pages: “TITLE OF PAPER” Use the “Page Header” tool in Microsoft Word Title Page Double-spaced and in the upper half of the page. Include the full title (may take two lines), the writer’s name, the institution name. Do not bold or italicize anything. Some professors may require additional information. Be sure to follow what your professor wants (date, professor’s name, course name/code/section, etc). Running Head: TITLE OF PAPER TITLE OF PAPER Your Name Ryerson University Your Professor’s Required Information Abstract Not always required, but advised Located on page 2: First line, centered: “Abstract” (plain text)...
Words: 1519 - Pages: 7
... *name Spring, 2013 Contents: 1 INTRODUCTION 3 2 Social constructivist perspective of schizophrenia 4 3 CONCLUSION 7 REFERENCES 8 INTRODUCTION In this paper we analyze the concept according to which mental illness is as much a socially constructed disease as it is a physiological one and especially the example of schizophrenia, one of the oldest, most documented, and least understood of all the behaviors that fall under society’s category of mental illness. One of the most influential theoretical positions evident in the sociology of health and illness over the past 30 years has been social constructivism. A central assumption within this broad approach is that reality is not self-evident, stable and waiting to be discovered, but instead it is a product of human activity. In this broad sense all versions of social constructivism can be identified as a reaction against positivism and naive realism. There are multiple intellectual roots of a social constructionist approach to illness. Some of the basic building blocks are evident in the writings of early sociological thinkers (Durkheim, Mannheim, Thomas), but one of the most important intellectual foundations of the social construction of illness is social problems theory and research from the 1960s and 1970s. Distancing themselves from positivist interpretations, scholars in this tradition asserted that what comes to be identified as deviant behavior or a social problem is not given...
Words: 2130 - Pages: 9
...Sociology 100 – Key theorists Bauman, Zygmunt (1925– ) A Polish-born sociologist who was expelled by the Communist government of Poland and dismissed from Warsaw University. He left Poland in 1968, working in Israel (and briefly in Australia) and then in Britain, at Leeds University. Bauman is a prolific and highly influential writer whose work extends beyond academic sociology. His study of contemporary ‘liquid’ society and postmodernity, and the ethical and moral consequences of living in such a society, have made him one of the most influential social theorists of modern times. Liquid society – postmodernity, ethics and moral consequences. Bourdieu, Pierre (1930–2002) A French sociologist and anthropologist whose work attempted to deal with how people contribute to their own domination. Developing the concepts of ‘habitus’, ‘cultural capital’, and ‘field’, Bourdieu examined processes of subordination and resistance in a number of areas of social life, including education, art, literature, language, television, and the globalised economy. Bourdieu’s most famous book is Distinction: A Social Critique of the Judgement of Taste (1984). Globalised economy, subordination and resistance in social life. ‘Culture capital’ Burke, Edmund (1729–97) An English politician and writer, often seen as the father of modern conservatism for his hostile reaction to the chaos and violence of the French Revolution. For many, his defence of tradition and individual liberty is...
Words: 2010 - Pages: 9
...immigrants (non-English speaking or non-Western) coming to the US receive insubstantial health care access. o The component issue is: immigrant status and inequity in the US healthcare system II. Thesis Statement: I will examine if Hispanic immigrants coming to the US receive limited health care access due to biopower (Foucault 1984). • This topic is important because I want to examine the role race may play in determining immigrants’ health care access. By doing so, I hope to find hidden prejudices that still exist in the US health care system. • Questions I want to answer in...
Words: 438 - Pages: 2
...understand and explain how the thought, feeling, and behaviour of individuals are influenced by the actual, imagined, or implied presence of others” (Allport, 1985). However, how to measure this, the research methods to be used and what constitutes useful evidence has caused much debate in the history of social psychology. This essay will compare and contrast the two epistemologies of essentialist and social constructionist approaches to social psychology and the research methods of quantitative and qualitative used in each approach. Essentialists’ view of the world is that the properties possessed by a group are universal in that group and do not depend on context. However, a member of a group may possess other characteristics that are not required to include it as a group member but, it must not have characteristics that preclude it from being a member of the group (Burr, 1995). For example, essentialists believe that personality consists of a number of traits and personality of an individual is established by the level of each of these traits. Essentialists also believe that these traits remain more or less stable over time and it is our personality that influences behaviour (Maltby, 2010). As essentialists are able to classify groups as such, they use quantitative research methods of controlling one or more variables to measure the effects or resulting behaviour of another variable and they posit this can be applied to the whole group. However, some psychologists have posited...
Words: 3936 - Pages: 16
