...Del Campo Deviant Behavior Pestello 1/26/16 Sex Trafficking and Domestic Violence Parallels Sex trafficking and domestic violence are the result of the relationships between offenders and victims, on control, intimidation and violence within sex trafficking relationships, and on victims’ coping mechanisms. Warnath concludes that there is a large knowledge gap regarding the links between domestic violence and human trafficking, particularly concerning the interaction between the victim and the offender in human trafficking cases (Warnath 2007). The parallels between domestic violence and sex trafficking are that both can occur within a relationship, that neither are single events but rather an accumulation of acts in which forms of violence enter the relationship, and that neither are easy to stop. Some authors argue that prostitution per say is violence and is the same as domestic violence, and that all prostitution causes harm to women (Farley 2004; Stark and Hodgson 2004). We show the relational nature of sex trafficking through an analysis of police investigations into sex trafficking related to window prostitution in the Amsterdam red-light district during the period 2006. In the Netherlands, prostitution is a legal and regulated profession. In 2007, for instance, a literature study was published on the intersection between domestic violence and human trafficking (Warnath 2007). Sex trafficking is a form of trafficking in persons, which is defined in the UN Palermo Protocol...
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...The Trafficking of Women and Children in China Imagine walking down the street to class, when all of a sudden two men come out from around the corner, grab you, and throw you into a van. After what feels like hours, the van finally arrives at a building and the men take you and put you in a small room, filled with frightened women and crying children of all ages. When asking another lady where they all were and what was going on, she explains that everyone in the room had been either sold or abducted and must now work as a prostitute to earn profits for the owners of the sex business. Human trafficking is the act of transporting, enlisting, or harboring an individual by use of force or intimidation for the sole purpose of exploitation (China). China is a source, transit, and destination country for thousands of women and children who have been either forced or sold into trafficking (China). Chinese women are often recruited by false promises of employment and are later forced into prostitution while children are often recruited by traffickers who promise their parents that they will send them a percentage of the money the child makes. Between 2001 and 2005, police in China investigated over 28,000 trafficking cases and the Chinese government arrested more than 25,000 suspected traffickers and rescued more than 35,000 victims (China). Despite this investigation, the Chinese government have not increased their efforts to stop trafficking since 2005 and claim that they...
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...Research Paper on Human Trafficking and Sex Trade in the UAE ABSTRACT: Human trafficking, which relates to the treatment of people through the use of deception, force or coercion or other means to transport them across different borders worldwide and within countries, has attracted a lot of attention (Godziack & Bump,2008).This is so because the plight of women and children who are exploited for both labour and sex, has been brought to the attention of governments and international bodies such as the United Nations. Though human trafficking is not confined only to women and children, but includes men as well (for labour), it is the use and abuse of women and children for sexual activities that has received new focus. This has also been the case in the UAE. The country has been criticized for being lax in curbing or preventing this activity. This resulted in action on the part of the UAE government. The scope of this paper is to look at human trafficking in the UAE and the actions taken to stop it and prosecute the perpetrators of it. Definition and Background to Human Trafficking: In today’s world many people see and refer to human trafficking as the “ new slave trade”. Though human trafficking is seen and described as a new phenomenon, it is actually very old. It has existed for thousands of years, but just in another form and name, namely that of slavery. This leads to a comparison between the old and the new. In the modern setting of today’s world, exploitation...
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...main reason. (Shedlin, Michele G, World Book p.15, 2007) The idea of sex workers fighting for their human rights is a foreign concept to most people, even those who identify politically as progressives or feminists. Sex workers have lived on the margins of society through most of human history, and despite the prevalence of this work all over the world, sex workers are often treated as less than human, both in cultural attitudes and public policy. In fact, it cannot be said enough: sex workers are people—friends, neighbors, family members, wage earners, and parents—and they deserve the same human rights as everyone else. (http://www.ontheissuesmagazine.com/july08/july2008_1.php) Feminists and advocates of all stripes have argued that they want to work for the human rights of sex workers, often without an analysis of what human rights for sex workers might look like. While many people would agree that access to human rights includes the right to be free from harm, to have access to health care and housing, and to seek safe employment that pays a living wage, there is fierce debate as to what any of this actually means. (http://www.ontheissuesmagazine.com/july08/july2008_1.php) In many parts of the world, sex workers have been among the groups most vulnerable to and most affected by HIV since the beginning of the AIDS pandemic. After more than a decade of research and intervention in sex work settings there is a substantial body of knowledge on the behaviours...
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...Feminism and Crime Name: Course: Instructor: Institution: Date of Submission: Introduction Feminism is the belief that men and women are of equal worth and should be treated equally despite the gender. Feminism has evolved from the years. The current generation, Generation Y has a different perspective of females than the former generations. There have been three major waves of feminism evolution. The first wave was in the 1800s, women were not allowed to vote or participate in any public or political opinions. During this time, women demanded their right to vote. The second wave of feminism developed in the 1960s where females of certain marginalized groups (working class women, blacks and prisoners) felt they weren't being treated equally and fairly like men and upper-class women. The civil rights activist fought very much for their rights during this time. However, not a lot resulted during this wave which led to the third wave of feminism evolution. The third wave developed to improve the second wave short comings. This is the new generation of feminists who know their rights and what gender equality is. Society generally favored men hence the need for social movements towards females rights to be heard. Feminism and Criminology Feminist criminology evolved during the time women were being judged on their gender rather than the type they committed. Gender inequality is basically due to men trying to control women and their sexuality. Feminists insist...
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...Due to this definition, it can be difficult for individuals to come to a definitive conclusion as to whether or not prostitution is in fact a victimless crime. On the one hand, the prostitute should be willing to complete her job, as it can be thought that it was her choice to join the profession. Trafficking and coercion are not fundamentally part of prostitution; they are separate crimes which are unable to be thought of as victimless. When prostitution is carried out in a safe and consensual environment, neither the solicitor nor the customer are being forced into the activity, and neither party is injured. However, others will argue that trafficking and coercion are almost always part of prostitution, and in that case the solicitor is an injured party and prostitution cannot be thought of as a victimless crime. A study was carried out by Wilson, Cullen, Latessa and Wills in 1985, which examined police officers in a small, Midwestern American city and their attitudes towards victimless crimes through the use of questionnaires. It was reported that officers felt not that prostitution was a serious problem, but that it was a gateway crime into more serious offences (such as trafficking). Additionally, Wilson explained that the male customers were not perceived by the officers to be part of the criminal population. Later, Baker attempted to capture female officers’ attitudes by interviewing seven who has posed as decoy prostitutes, reporting that “most described their work as interesting...
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...1. Introduction: ECPAT (End Child Prostitution, Child Pornography and Trafficking of Children for Sexual Purposes) has described a clear idea about child prostitution. According to ECPAT (End Child Prostitution, Child Pornography and Trafficking of Children for Sexual Purposes), which became prominent in the late twentieth century for its work toward the elimination of child prostitution, child pornography, and trafficking of children for sexual purposes, defines child prostitution as "the use of a child in sexual activities for remuneration or any other consideration." According to UN Human Rights Commission (1989) “Child Prostitution” refers to the sexual exploitation of a child for remuneration in cash or in kind, usually but not always organized by an intermediary (parent, family member, procurer, teacher, etc.). Around the world today, there is a human right crisis of sexual abuse of millions of women, children and thousands of men in the prostitution & other form of sexual abuse. Child prostitution is the major part of total prostitution. Children are also involved in prostitution when they engage in sex in return for basic needs such as food, shelter or safety, or pocket money to purchase consumer goods. My paper explores the criminological factors associated with child prostitution in Bangladesh such as human trafficking and child prostitution, forced into prostitution, street children, broken home, social reintegration, livelihood and poverty, marital ...
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...nutrition 17th-April-2013 Trends in Divorce in India UNICEF REPORT: Water Situation in India- Situation and Prospects Khap Panchayat: Tradition v. Modernity Gender Discrimination and child abuse Child Mortality In India- UN Report 2012 Urban Mental Health in India Global Hunger Index -2011 Anemia in Urban India 10th-September-2011 Still Births in India 16th-April-2011 2011 Provisional Census Figures of Kishanganj 9th-April-2011 Sex Ratio in Bihar- 2011 Census 9th-April-2011 Census of India- 2011: A Provisional Report Paediatric HIV/AIDS in India 2nd-December-2010 India’s Progress towards MDG Goals: Report 30th-November-2010 Clean Birth Kits- Potential to Deliver 30th-November-2010 NASSO Report – 2008-09 23rd-November-2010 HIV and Drug Abuse in India 26th-July-2010 Indian States Poorer than African nations: UNDP 15th-July-2010 Changing Gender Roles 06th-July-2010 Gender Bias in Health Concerns in India 06th-July-2010 Status of Sanitation in Cities in India 12th-May-2010 Situational Analysis of Young Children in Delhi 7th-May-2010 The State of the World’ Mothers 2010 Report 5th-May-2010 Waste Management in India 3rd-May-2010 Unorganized Labor Trends in India-ILO Report 3rd-May-2010 Right to Education Act 5th-Apr-2010 World Urbanization Prospects: 2009 29th-Mar-2010 Crimes by Juveniles in India 13th-Mar-2010 Leprosy in India 17th-Feb-2010 Plight of women in India- Witch branding 8th-Feb-2010 Caesarean Births in India 14th-Jan-2010...
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...transportation fees through prostitution, 12 hours a day, and six days a week. Guards were posted at the doors. Attempted escapes were punished with severe beatings. The bosses considered rape a training method. Mexican farm workers paid $20 for a condom and 15 minutes with a woman, though on average they received $3 per encounter. It became impossible for the women to pay their debts, since the bosses added charges for room, board and miscellaneous fines to the original transportation fee. Eventually two 15 year-olds successfully fled to the Mexican consulate and the traffickers were arrested. The women face deportation to Mexico, where some of the original recruiters are still at large. (D’Agostino, Joseph. “The New Illegal Immigrants: Sex Slaves.” Human Events 7/2/99, Vol. 55, Issue 24, p. 4) Freedom is a short, powerful word we take for granted every day. It is hard to fully appreciate freedom when we have never had it snatched away from us. We get to choose our jobs, where we live, what we eat. If we are unhappy with any of our life situations we have the freedom to leave and engage in some other activity that satisfies us. Unfortunately, some people are not so lucky. They live the majority of their lives without ever experiencing freedom due to the various practices of modern day slavery. Today, there are millions of people around the world being kidnapped, virulently mistreated and sometimes even murdered, all to facilitate cheap or free labour and sexual...
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...working women in family Dreams Md.jobayer Uddin Bhuiyan 12-96175-3 American International University- Bangladesh 15th December, 2012 Acknowledgements This is our humble attempt to present gratitude in writing this “Report.” We have truly drowned upon our own experience as a student of M.B.A. We have also received help from number of persons in preparation of this report and we would like to thank them all. All the credit should go at first to our honorable faculty M.Hmidul Haque We found complete support throughout our survey from her by giving us direction, guidance, providing sample articles, report & so on. We disturbed him a lot by asking so many questions & visiting frequently on his office hours but he never felt bored even never became disturbed. Our sincere gratitude & heartiest thank goes to all the respondents of different positions, institutions and people of different age groups. We would like to thank all the respondents of AIUB, garment workers of Neat Fashion wear, and ALIC Insurance Company etc. For the secondary data collection, we are very much grateful to the websites related with the topic As an academic requirement of Business communication Subject, we have to make this report. We worked on a very common but complicated & huge issue which is working women in family and its positive and negative sides. At first it was mere an academic requirement to us, but when...
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...Assignment On Globalization and its impact on women rights and empowerment Course Title Development Economics Course Code F-210 Submitted To AlfarunnaharRuma Lecturer Dept. of Economics Submitted By Group- 01 Session: 2010-2011 Finance & Banking JatiyaKabiKaziNazrul Islam University Trishal, Mymensingh Submission Date: 24 January 2013 Members of group one Serial No. | Name | ID Number | 01 | Md.DelowerHossain | 11132601 | 02 | MahimaAkter | 11132602 | 03 | PankazePadaBhoumik | 11132603 | 04 | MahmudulHasan | 11132604 | 05 | SadiqurSattarAkand | 11132605 | Globalization and its impact on women rights and empowerment INTRODUCTION In the 21st century, globalization has become the ‘Zeitgeist’ re-shaping different dimensions in life. Globalization also affects women’s rights and its overall impact on women has become a critical agenda in gender-related studies. In an attempt to empirically investigate this argument, much of the literature focuses on the effects of economic integration on women’s economic activities. These studies look into the impact of globalization on women through an angle of traditional trade theory, comparative advantage and competition, thus analyzing whether economic integration could create more employment opportunities for women and increase their wages. This focus on economic integration and women’s employment raises the question of how certain types of economic reform affect particular forms of women’s rights and welfare. It is not...
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...CORPORATE STRATEGY EXECUTIVE ANALYSIS THE BODY SHOP The following analysis investigates how the organization assesses its own business whilst taking into account its different key stakeholders and their various interests and expectations by looking deep into a case study of The Body Shop. On the final note, it will determine what learning benefit the case of The Body Shop provides as well as whether its principles can apply to other situations. Introduction: The Body Shop In 1976, The Body Shop was established in Brighton by Dame Anita Roddick. The Body Shop International now has over 2,900 stores across 63 markets with a range of over 1200 products. The Body Shop story is not only of an eminently successful market-oriented manufacturer and retailer of toiletries and cosmetics. Like its founder, the whole organization is committed to issues such as respect for human rights, animal and environmental protection. The organization has arranged and supported national and international campaigns on animal testing in the cosmetic industry and women’s rights. All business organizations need to make a profit to survive but the emphasis at The Body Shop is on profit with a wider social responsibility. The Body Shop Mission Statement * “Dedicate our business to the pursuit of social and environmental change. * Creatively balance the financial and human needs of our stakeholders employees, franchisees, customers, suppliers and shareholders. * Courageously ensure that...
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...GENDER EXPLOITATION IN SOCIAL NETWORKS A Research Proposal presented to The Faculty of College of Arts and Sciences Cebu Technological University – Main Campus In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for DC 4117 (Manuscript Planning and Preparation) For the Degree Bachelor of Science in Development Communication Jievah Cris Codeniera Cantiveros Mark Anthony Dumaguit Gumera Genevive Jakosalem Monteceno 2013 Chapter I THE PROBLEM AND ITS SCOPE INTRODUCTION Rationale of the Study The 20th century has been a remarkable era in the communication field. The entertainment and information industries have been developed through motion pictures, sound recordings, print serials, radio, television, computers, video games and the Internet. All these are now universally available and can distribute any form of content imaginable (Grimes et al., 2008). While the flow of technology continues to advance, humanity cannot help it but go along with it. The more people are inclined to the new technological advancements, the more they struggle with its various advantages and disadvantages. One of these technologies is the Internet. The Internet is a data communication system that provides connectivity between computers. It encompasses a variety of electronic forms of communication such as moving images, audio transmission, electronic mail, online chat, file transfer and sharing, and databases, some of which are live and in real time. Interaction with other individuals...
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...Adoption, International | Summary: Should couples be banned from adopting children overseas? | | With the ongoing media coverage of ill-treated of children in Chinese and Romanian orphanages and the increasing numbers of infertile couples in the developed world international adoption appears to solve two problems at once. However recently Romania has stopped all international adoptions amid claims of corruption and human trafficking. Similar stories have clouded adoptions from Guatemala. Despite these difficulties international adoptions by US citizens have tripled in the past 5 years and legislation has been passed to make it easier for these adopted children to obtain citizenship. While some children complain of a feeling of cultural dislocation, others are sent to Chinese-American summer camps and seem delighted with their new homes and dual identity. The long-term effects of such migrations are hard to predict but many opponents call for more efforts to be made to house children in their country of birth, with proper support for domestic orphanages and adoption schemes. | | Arguments | Pros | Cons | | | | International adoption removes children from the culture into which they were born. Often this causes a sense of dislocation as the child grows older because the do not feel fully a part of their adopted culture nor the culture of the country into which they were born. These feelings can be exacerbated by racial or ethnic distinctions. | | Whatever maybe...
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...Impact of Childhood Sexual Abuse Shobila Kaligounder Marymount University Introduction As per UNICEF’s (2014) definition, sexual violence against children comprises any sexual activities imposed by an adult on a child against which the child is entitled to protection by criminal law. This includes: (a) The inducement or coercion of a child to engage in any unlawful or psychologically harmful sexual activity; (b) The use of children in commercial sexual exploitation; (c) The use of children in audio or visual images of child sexual abuse; and (d) Child prostitution, sexual slavery, sexual exploitation in travel and tourism, trafficking for purposes of sexual exploitation (within and between countries), sale of children for sexual purposes and forced marriage. Sexual activities are also considered as abuse when committed against a child by another child if the offender is significantly older than the victim or uses power, threat or other means of pressure. Consensual sexual activities between children are not considered as sexual abuse if the children are older than the age limit defined by the State Party. In spite of a clear definition for child sexual abuse violence in the lives of children is so real and as an international community we do very little to protect them. There is also a dearth of data to prove the prevalence of violence due to the hidden nature of the abuse and gives a false notion that it is a rare occurrence. Children are vulnerable to sexual victimization...
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