...Running head: PERU AND CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT Peru and Capital Development Abstract During the 2006 election of Alan Garcia Perez, promised to improve the social condition and commanded a balance of the economic spending with an increase of social spending. With a macroeconomic performance that had increased the GDP growth and help to lower the poverty levels. Even though the economic crisis produced a strain on the financial burden of Peru at the time, the prices have begun to drop and Peruvians are proactively recovering their loses. The land is still being dominated by the elites and the higher class of mezitos. These governed entities remain in control of the structures and industries within the country. Peru and Capital Development In 1996, Republic of Peru was the world largest coca leaf producer, however as time has generated a smaller dip in the economic system, Peru is now the world’s second largest producer of coca leaf. While, Peru lags far behind Columbia; cultivation of coca in Peru declined to 36,000 hectares in 2007. With an estimated yearly rate of growth of 9.8% (U.S. Department of State), Peru continues to struggles to keep up through economic hardship and the rift of the trade. Republic of Peru is plagued with environmental issues concerning the deforestation due impart to illegal logging, overgrazing of the slopes of the costa and sierra leading to soil erosion, desertification, air pollution, water pollution. Most of the problems are due to the natural...
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...Peru: are we entering in a new crisis? by Marco Morante Monday September 23rd, 2013 Last month newspapers’ headlines were talking about a statement made by Ollanta Humala to the media: “The crisis has arrived, but we have a solid economy”; indeed there is a global crisis going on and indeed the Peruvian economy growth’s expectation is not the very same as in just a few months ago; but, is Peru about to enter in another crisis as the ones suffered in past years? Disregarding the several replies, opinions and views of the message that our president really intended to give, let us remember Peru’s past crisis and understand the economic frame in which these crisis developed. A little bit of Peruvian’s Recent Crisis History1 In the early 80’s, during Fernando Belaúnde’s government, “El Niño” phenomenon affected severely the northern coast of Peru, impacting mainly in the agricultural sector (consumption), the public and private investment suffered an important contraction, also the external demand was affected due to the crisis generated by the adjustments of the debt in México (having a deep effect in all economies in Latin America). In year 1983, the metal prices fall meant for Peru difficulties for the payment of the external debt and a high increase in inflation, reaching a concerning 163% inflation for the last year of the “Sol” (1985). Also, in this year the economy suffered a contraction in the GdP growth: a decrease of 9.3%, the largest one until that moment in the...
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...Review Sheet for Final Exam in GM 4640 – RBE: Latin America Format for the Final Exam: The format will be a two-hour in-class exam. You will have an essay (60% of the exam score – worth 60 points) that will be identical to the midterm. It will be closed-note, closed book exercise during the two-hour exam. You will also have 20 multiple choice questions (40% of the exam score – worth 2 points each, for a total of 40 points). As with the midterm, the essay will provide a hypothetical scenario of a company that is considering making an investment in a Latin American country. (You will not know the industry of this hypothetical company until the exam.) You will be asked to assess any TWO of the countries that we have covered since the midterm: Mexico, Costa Rica, Chile, Peru, Venezuela, and/or Colombia. The format will be identical to what you saw in the midterm, as follows: a) provide an assessment of prospects for the continuation and sustainability of market-oriented economic reforms in [ANY TWO COUNTRIES OF THE LIST COVERED SINCE THE MIDTERM]. (NOTE: In your answer, you should use the Packenham Model as a framework for your analysis. Don't just summarize Packenham, however; USE the model to assess prospects for specific current and future market-oriented economic reforms in both countries. Also, make reference to lectures/other readings, where relevant.) [MAKE SURE TO DISCUSS BOTH COUNTRIES FULLY.] AND b) discuss any other factors that might...
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...Dead Poets Society Dear dad I am writing to you because I would like to tell you about my situation right now. I don't feel that there is a reason to live anymore. I can’t live any longer. It may well be that you are my father but for that reason you should not decide everything for me. I am old enough to take care of my own life. As you know, is I soon an adult, and I can take my own decisions and I will be able to take the consequences of my own choices. It’s nice that you want help and advise me in which way I should go. You should know that I really value that, but most of all, I need to take care of my own life, and then go after my dreams. You should support me. As you know have I always wanted to be an actor. It is really difficult to follow my dreams. When you keep holding me back. This is my dream, and I don´t care If you agree or not. It was your choice to bring me at this school; instead of I could go for my dreams. But now you may take the risk for your choice, and this will be my death. When I am dead I would be sitting up in the sky at the most beautiful star, where i will be looking at you and the boarding school with all the good boys and specially Todd Anderson. I have thought about it in long time, now I stand here with a gun in my hand. And these are the last words for you. I really love you, but not the way to be my father. By the way, you must give Todd Anderson my compliments and say what happen for me and say that I love him and...
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...LONDON – Thirty years ago, the Cold War was at its height and the United Kingdom had just clawed its way out of recession. Perhaps those factors explain why, this week in 1982, when 119 government delegations chose to sign the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), the UK was not among them. According to Donald Rumsfeld, Britain’s then-prime minister, Margaret Thatcher, declared UNCLOS to be “nothing less than the international nationalization of roughly two-thirds of the Earth’s surface.” Fifteen years later, when the UK finally acceded to UNCLOS under a Labour government, the convention was applying, for the first time in history, an internationally agreed legal framework to the majority of coastal waters around the world. Countries’ rights to fish, minerals, and other resources were enshrined in law, with recourse to international adjudication should disputes arise. The right of free passage on the high seas was assured. Britain and other countries must now learn from, rather than repeat, the Thatcher government’s mistake. A new debate is emerging about how we govern and exercise stewardship over the high seas – the 45% of the Earth’s surface that lies beyond national jurisdictions. We know that a resource crunch of unprecedented scale is coming. Non-oil commodity prices have risen precipitously in the last decade. The high seas can provide food, minerals, and novel resources for technology and medicine. But the weaknesses of the current governance...
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...I shall start this essay with a confession: when it comes to rock music, I am the perfect layperson. For me, the name “Grateful Dead” didn’t ring a bell: I guess that I would have pictured them as scary dudes playing black metal, and definitely not as a band of light-hearted stoned hippies. For a layman, there are many reasons to find the Dead deceitful. First of all, which genre could I associate them with? After listening to a couple of song in class, I looked for their most popular songs on deezer: “Truckin’” recalled country music, while “Dark Star” ’s guitar sound was dirty, raw and enigmatic. This was to be added to “Franklin’s Tower” ‘s form of joyful and childish simplicity. So there I was, trying to label a music that seemed so diverse, looking for a form of logic amongst all these influences. This is probably when I began thinking that maybe my approach was a bit absurd: why was I putting so much effort into reducing the Dead’s sound to one unambiguous genre, into finding an illusory unity? Perhaps I needed to reassure myself, but it lead me nowhere, even when I listened to the whole Europe 72 album. After more than an hour of listening to the Dead, I had entirely forgotten about my essay and I realized that maybe I had been looking in the wrong direction. For me, the Dead’s music was all about energy and the transmission of these positive vibes to the listener. But it wasn’t the kind of existential shout some artists need to express: here, everything seemed...
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...political parties or candidates, which prevents corruption of the government. Since it is possible for anyone to make a donation of any amount of money, it may be possible for companies or other people to take advantage of this. In 1999 in Peru, Alberto Fujimori’s campaign needed money, so Fujimori bribed his chief advisor, Vladmir Montesinos in exchange for being promoted to head of the Supreme Council of Military Justice.There is not much difference in this bribing and donating large sums of money to super PACs except for the fact that the super PACs are legal, and the other is not.Nobody gives money away and expects nothing in return. There are people who complain that super PACs spend "secret" money. This is just not true because by law, super PACs are required to disclose their donors.There is no possible way for money to go through without being noticed. The super PACs has become an auction for money. Statistics show that 93% of the winning candidates had more money. Unfortunately, it is the money that is controlling the seats of our politicians, not their...
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...their highlight shows. What is always thrown up on the screen is a list of stats or a highlight of the night. Sometimes they even do show a highlight of a taunt that some would find entertaining, but it just displays the lack of discipline in today’s sports. All these highlights do is give light to the athlete’s that are camera hungry and those are the taunters. I find that athletes in today’s sports really like to taunt and disgrace. Taunting is when one disgraces others in a mocking or insulting manner. Taunting is really disrespectful to both the sport of which they are playing and other team. A great example of a disrespectful player is Terrell Owens. Until he had reached Dallas, he would disrespect his former quarterbacks, Jeff Garcia and Donovan McNabb. As a player, on the field, Terrell Owens is disrespectful, too. His taunts are rude and disrespectful, because they are so belligerent and excessive. Also, In this past season he had grabbed a fan’s box of popcorn and thrown it into his face. Terrell Owens doesn’t appear to be any kind of role model at all....
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...Abstract Throughout all of history people have been using and experimenting with drugs especially artists and musicians. Numerious musician have reluctantly admitted to or actually proclaimed their use of drugs. The general conscious of these “artists” is that their drug use has unlocked a higher level of creativity. As trendsetters and role models this use of drugs was emulated by audiences across the United States and Great Britain. To such a point as references to mind altering drugs were appearing in Beats poems and essays and even protest songs of the middle 1950s. As music progressed through the year’s drug use (by artists and fans) and references became more mainstream. This paper will look at two specific band, The Beatles and the Grateful Dead. Rock and Roll on Drugs Drug use and music have been intertwined for many years. This use whether illegal or legal has had both positive and negative impacts on the artists and their success. While the creative juices may be flowing while under the influence of drugs the final outcome (maybe years down the road) almost always ends on a negative note. Even dating back to 1830 when Hector Berlioz wrote his most famous work “Symphonie Fantastique” he detailed the effects of an opium induced dream, specifically in the fourth movement. In an interview on June 16, 1967, Paul McCartney was asked if he ever took drugs, he said “After I took it (LSD), it opened my eyes. We only use one-tenth of our brain. Just think what we could accomplish...
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...Dr. Hector Garcia was recognized for many of his accomplishments. In 1996, a statue of him was dedicated to a school in Texas (Rozeff, Valley Morning Star). Many acknowledged his sacrifice of safety to his community. Only a year after being named Alternative Ambassador to the [United Nations] in 1967, he became the U.S. commission on civil rights. He was also awarded the nation’s highest honor [to a civilian], the Presidential Medal of Freedom (Legislation Introduced). His great leadership allowed him to achieve accomplishments that were out of reach to Mexican Americans. On “September 12, 1989, [Dr. Garcia] Received the ‘Hispanic Heritage Award’ by the National Hispanic Leadership Conference [in] Washington, D.C" (Memorial Foundation). It...
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...In Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, “Columbia”, it examines the changing and violent history of the country of Colombia, where Gabriel García Márquez, author of 100 Years of Solitude was born and based his book off of. In 1948, an inter-American conference was held in Bogota when the leftist Liberal leader, Jorge Eliécer Gaitán was assassinated, causing the country to plunge into civil war and a decade of fighting and martial laws. Violence was especially bad in rural areas of Colombia as many Liberals fought guerrilla warfare with the overpowering government. This time was known as la violencia. “In 1953, Gómez was ousted by a coup led by Gustavo Rojas Pinilla, the head of the armed forces… Rojas Pinilla became implicated in scandalously...
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...Federico Garcia Lorca Where he was born: Federico Garcia Lorca was born on June 5, 1898 in a small town called Fuente Vaqueros which is located in the province of Granada. Where he grew up: He grew up in a mansion in the heart of the city of Granada. His family life: He was the eldest of the four kids He had an amazing family life growing up as his dad owned a farm and his mother was a gifted piano player. He graduated from secondary schooling and started attending Sacred Heart University, where not only had regular course work but had also taken up law. In 1919 he traveled to Madrid where he stayed for 15 years. While in Madrid he organized theatrical performances, read his poems in public, and collected some old folksongs. In 1929 Federico...
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...Critically examine the title of Marquez’s novel Chronicle of a Death Foretold. Chronicle of a Death Foretold (1981) by Gabriel Garcia Marquez is a short novel written in the form of a chronicle. It is an instrument that combines Marquez’s journalism skills with those of fiction writing-the work depicts a murder investigation that took place around thirty years ago and, revolving around this probing, are the major problems that Marquez wants to address- lapses in the social and administrative order. The death, which was “foretold” to almost every member of the town, by the murderers, could not be prevented- it is a clear mirror to the moral disorder which was contained in and rather, dominated the society. As the title exposes, it is about a death- it becomes a natural curiosity as to why the death takes place. In this social order, that the narrator is interviewing, it is very apparent that the culture is marked by “male privilege and domination”; here women were not allowed to exercise their “free will”- “…they have been raised to suffer.” The status of the women was, therefore, reduced to an object. Angela Vicario is reluctant to marry Bayardo San Roman because she didn’t love him. However, she is forced to marry him because he is a man of large fortune and immense power. The death in the story is caused because of an outdated “code of honor” – on the night of wedding if the bride failed to prove her virginity, she was returned back. Consequently, the person responsible for...
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...Although Gabriel Garcia Marquez’s “A very old man with Enormous wings” and Toni Cade Bambara’s “The lesson” are mostly different in their published time and directions, they have only one common feature on effectively using a narrative voice to demonstrate social commentaries. “Enormous” was related to the period of Colombian history. According to Daniel H. Levine’s book “Religion and Politics in Latin American”, this story has many symbols related to the reality-Religion and Politics in Colombia. For instance, Father Gonzaga is a symbol of the Roman Catholic Church, the villages also symbolize Colombians and the old “angel” represents religion. As we have read from the story, the villagers treated the “angel” cruelly and unfairly through locking him into a chicken coop and the whole neighborhood in front of the chicken coop having fun with him as well. It demonstrates that people may oppose or betray the religious rules and show various views towards religion. On the other hand, Bambara’s “The lesson” depicts the life of African Americans in Harlem. The protagonist of “The lesson” Sylvia describes the situation of the people outside of the store and the difference of treatments between white and black Americans. The author uses a first-person narrative to disclose the invisible interpersonal gap and distance between different ethnics. Comparing with Bambara’s perspective of thoughts, Marquez witnesses the events that are focus on external environment. He understood the...
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...While growing up in the northern plains of Bihar, I loved watching Spaghetti Westerns―all the way from John Wayne to Clint Eastwood. There was something so outlandish about them that despite their breathless guns and bloodletting, I found them rather amusing. Little did I then know that if I wanted to see the Wild West for myself, I had only to look a few miles to my south―towards the coal mines around the charred, soot-soaked town of Dhanbad. My neighbourhood Wild West complete with its dust-laden rusticity and bloodthirsty brawn, comes to life in ‘Gangs of Wasseypur’. The film is an epic retelling of the vicious circle of violence that has gripped Dhanbad and its vicinity from before Independence, weaving together political history and social commentary with sweat-scented tension and a wry humour. The first part of the five-hour drama was released on 22 June, the second part has released in August. The story, based on actual news reports, is a multi-generational account of the blood feud between two Muslim families―one Pathan and the other Qureshi (butcher)―and how it is used by a powerful Hindu Bhumihar for political gains. Protagonist Sardar Khan has vowed to avenge his father’s murder at the behest of mining contractor-turned-minister Ramadhir Singh. Sardar’s father Shahid Khan was himself a ‘bahubali’ (local strongman) working for Singh in the village of Wasseypur, but was murdered when Singh learnt of his plan to betray him. Singh also sent Ehsaan Qureshi,...
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