...Genetic testing is currently available for more than 1000 conditions, and it is increasingly considered an integral component of mainstream health care (Burke, 2004). Furthermore, many genetic tests are now being marketed directly to consumers. The increased availability of genetic testing may result in a wider distribution of the benefits of testing, such as decreased uncertainty, the chance to avoid passing on a gene mutation to future generations, increased psychological well-being, and greater awareness of available treatments or risk-reducing strategies, but it may also contribute to an increase in the risks associated with genetic testing, such as decreased individual and family well-being; increased depression, anxiety, guilt, stigmatization, discrimination, and family conflict; and unnecessary or inappropriate use of risk-reducing options (Riper & Gallo, 2005). Money is maybe the most important driving force in the modern era of biotechnology. Genome and genetic findings have been given also financial value. The possibility to test for genetically-based individual susceptibility provides new ideas for marketable products. In an industrial worker, a metabolic polymorphism that causes an increased risk for cancer would create an avoidable financial burden in industry and insurance companies. The involvement of such financial aspects brings along several ethical implications in genetic research. The first aspect is the motivation of scientists that...
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...Genetic Engineering Wesley Rupe, Jawad Rana, Layli Stroia, Charles Taiwo, Mariella Velasquez, Mark Young DeVry University Genetic Engineering Table of contents Title page ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 1 Table of contents ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 2 1. A brief description of the technology and an explanation of the associated science (Mariella Velasquez) ………………………………………………..……………. 3 2. Psychological considerations and sociological effects (Mariella Velasquez) …………. 3 3. The historical development and context of the technology (Wesley Rupe) …………. 13 4. Political and legal influences (Mark Young) (Not Complete) 5. Economic questions and considerations (Jawad Rana)………………………………….…… 21 6. The technology in its cultural context, media influence (Charles Taiwo) (Not Complete) 7. Implications for the environment (Charles Taiwo) (Not Complete) 8. Moral and ethical implications (Layli Stroia) ……………………………………………………..… 30 Outline A brief description of the technology and an explanation of the associated science Definition: What is Genetic Engineering? Genetic engineering (GE) is the process of manipulation of an organism genome to create a new DNA. The new DNA might be implanted in a totally different DNA species. It is widely used to create hybrids (some species are not able to naturally breed), correct genetic flows in any type of being. It is applied in...
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...A CORPORATE PROFILE About Food & Water Watch Food & Water Watch works to ensure the food, water and fish we consume is safe, accessible and sustainable. So we can all enjoy and trust in what we eat and drink, we help people take charge of where their food comes from, keep clean, affordable, public tap water flowing freely to our homes, protect the environmental quality of oceans, force government to do its job protecting citizens, and educate about the importance of keeping shared resources under public control. Food & Water Watch 1616 P St. NW, Ste. 300 Washington, DC 20036 tel: (202) 683-2500 fax: (202) 683-2501 info@fwwatch.org California Office 25 Stillman St., Ste. 200 San Francisco, CA 94107 tel: (415) 293-9900 fax: (415) 293-8394 info-ca@fwwatch.org www.foodandwaterwatch.org Copyright © 2013 by Food & Water Watch. All rights reserved. This report can be viewed or downloaded at www.foodandwaterwatch.org. A CORPORATE PROFILE Executive Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Company History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Modern-Day Monsanto . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Monsanto’s Environmental Impact . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Market Share . . . . . . . . . . ....
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...America Invents Act of 2011: Analysis and Cross-References Donald S. Chisum Co-Founder and Lecturer, Chisum Patent Academy ChisumPatentAcademy.com December 5, 2011 SYNOPSIS § 1 Introduction § 2 Overview, Organization and Citation Form § 3 First Inventor to File 3.1 Effective Date; Two Patent Laws for Decades 3.2 "Sense of Congress"; Justifying Conversion to First-to-File; Certainty; Harmonization; Grace Period Difference 3.3 New Section 102 on Novelty 3.3.1 Retained Concepts 3.3.1.1 "Patented 3.3.1.2 "Described in a Printed Publication" 3.3.1.3 "In Public Use, On Sale": Is Non-Public Commercial Activity Included? 3.3.2 Omitted Concepts 3.3.2.1 "Known or Used" 3.3.2.2 "In this Country" 3.3.2.3 Invention Dates; On the Continuing Relevance of "Conception" and "Reduction to Practice"; "Who" Problems and "When" Problems; Derivation; Ownership 3.3.3 New or Revised Concepts 3.3.3.1 "Otherwise Available to the Public" 3.3.3.2 "Claimed Invention"; Generic Claims and Specific Disclosures 3.3.3.3 "Effective Filing Date" 3.3.4 Grace Period: Exception for Inventor Disclosures A Year or Less Before Filing 3.3.4.1 Inventor Disclosures; Derivation 3.3.4.2 Prior Disclosure by Inventor 3.3.5 Senior Right 3.3.5.1 Applications Previously Filed by Others as Prior Art; Effective Filing Date; Hilmer Abolished 3.3.5.2 Avoiding Senior Filed Application Disclosure 3.3.5.2.1 Subject Matter Obtained from Inventor 3.3.5.2.2 Subject Matter Previously Publicly Disclosed 3.3.5.2.3 Common Ownership;...
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...Strategy 2 2. Pfizer's Road Map 4 2.1. Pfizer's Acquisitions Rational 4 3. The strategy behind the acquisition 5 3.1. Acquisition Motives 5 3.2. M&A vs. Alliance 5 4. Target Identification 7 4.1. Protalix - an R&D Acquisition 9 5. Synergy Analysis 10 6. Standalone, Synergy and Premium Valuations 12 6.1. Market Value 12 6.2. Trading and Transaction Multiples Valuations 12 6.3. Discounted Cash Flow (DCF) Valuation 14 6.3.1. DCF Methodology and Assumptions 14 6.3.2. Summary of the Standalone and the Synergy DCF Valuation 15 6.4. Premium 16 6.5. Walk-away Price, Net Value Creation and Financial Feasibility 17 Part 2 - The Integration Plan 18 Bibliography 21 APPENDIXES 22 Appendix 1 - Pfizer's Executive Leadership Team 23 Appendix 2 - Pfizer's Organizational Structure Scheme 24 Appendix 3 - Five Forces Analysis for the Pharmaceutical Industry 25 Appendix 4 - Pfizer's PEST Analysis 27 Appendix 5 - Level of Competition Between the Acquirers & the Uniqueness of the Acquired Company 31 Appendix 6 - Acquisition Motives 33 Appendix 7 - Protalix Management and Board of Directors 35 Appendix 8 - Technology Adoption Lifecycle 36 Appendix 9 - Pfizer's SWOT Analysis 36 Appendix 10 - Protalix's Financials 38 Appendix 11 - About the Valuation Methods 40 Appendix 12 - List of Companies and Their Multiples 41 Appendix 13 - Complete Results of Multiples Valuations 42 Appendix 14 - DCF Data and Assumptions 43 Appendix...
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...robinson@earthopensource.org June 2012 Disclaimer The views and opinions expressed in this paper, or otherwise published by EOS, are those of the authors and do not represent the official policy, position, or views of other organizations, universities, companies, or corporations that the authors may be affiliated with. GMO Myths and Truths 2 About the authors Michael Antoniou, PhD is reader in molecular genetics and head, Gene Expression and Therapy Group, King’s Cols: lege London School of Medicine, London, UK. He has 28 years’ experience in the use of genetic engineering technology investigating gene organisation and control, with over 40 peer reviewed publications of original work, and holds inventor status on a number of gene expression biotechnology patents. Dr Antoniou has a large network of collaborators in industry and academia who are making use of his discoveries in gene control mechanisms for the production of research, diagnostic and therapeutic products and safe and efficacious human somatic gene therapy for inherited and acquired genetic disorders. Claire Robinson, MPhil, is research director at Earth Open Source. She has a background in investigative reporting and the communication of topics relating to public health, science and policy, and the environment. She is an editor at GMWatch (www.gmwatch.org), a public information service...
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...Computers and Chemical Engineering 28 (2004) 929–941 Pharmaceutical supply chains: key issues and strategies for optimisation Nilay Shah∗ Centre for Process Systems Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, London SW7 2BY, UK Abstract Supply chain optimisation is now a major research theme in process operations and management. A great deal of research has been undertaken on facility location and design, inventory and distribution planning, capacity and production planning and detailed scheduling. Only a small proportion of this work directly addresses the issues faced in the pharmaceutical sector. On the other hand, this sector is very much ready for and in need of sophisticated supply chain optimisation techniques. At the supply chain design stage, a particular problem faced by this industry is the need to balance future capacity with anticipated demands in the face of the very significant uncertainty that arises out of clinical trials and competitor activity. Efficient capacity utilisation plans and robust infrastructure investment decisions will be important as regulatory pressures increase and margins are eroded. The ability to locate nodes of the supply chain in tax havens and optimise trading and transfer price structures results in interesting degrees of freedom in the supply chain design problem. Prior even to capacity planning comes the problem of pipeline and testing planning, where the selection of products...
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...CONTENTS Title Page.no 1. Introduction To Nanoparticles (2) 2. Nanoparticulate systems For Targeting (13) 3. Drug Targeting (25) 4. Approaches To Drug Targeting (29) 5. Nanoparticle Drug Delivery Market (47) 6. Future Barriers And Challenges (48) 7. Various Nanopharmaceuticals And Their Case Studies (49) 8. NanoDrug Patenting (54) 9. Conclusion (57) 10. Bibliography (58) NANOPARTICLES IN DRUG TARGETING 1. INTRODUCTION NANOPARTICLES * Nanoparticles are in solid state and are either in amorphous or crystalline They include Nanocapsules and Nanospheres.They are able to adsorb or encapsulate a drug thus protecting it against chemical and enzymatic degradation...
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...ate Aptitude Test in Engineering GATE 2014 Brochure Table of Contents 1. Introduction .............................................................................................................1 2. About GATE 2014 ......................................................................................................1 2.1. Financial Assistance ............................................................................................................................ 1 2.2 Employment ............................................................................................................................................ 2 2.3 Administration ....................................................................................................................................... 2 3.1 Changes Introduced in GATE 2013 that will continue to remain in force for GATE 2014 .......................................................................................................................................................... 3 4.1 Eligibility for GATE 2014 ................................................................................................................... 4 4.2 GATE Papers ............................................................................................................................................ 5 4.3 Zone-Wise List of Cities in which GATE 2014 will be Held ................................................... 6 4.4 Zone-Wise List of Cities for 3rd...
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...WTO: SHIFTING COORDINATES, UNALTERED PARADIGM Amit Shovon RAY ∗ Jawaharlal Nehru University, India and Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations (ICRIER), India Sabyasachi SAHA Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations (ICRIER), India ∗ Corresponding author, e -mail: amit.shovon.ray@gmail.com INDIA’S STANCE AT THE WTO: SHIFTING COORDINATES, UNALTERED PARADIGM ♣ Abstract: India’s stance at the WTO has undergone a sea change since the beginning of the Uruguay Round. This paper attempts to trace the shifting coordinates of India’s position at the WTO. By focussing on three specific areas of negotiations, namely agriculture, services and TRIPS, the paper presents a theoretical analysis of how India’s stance at the WTO has evolved over time and whether it reflects any paradigm shift. In the light of international relations theory we argue that although the coordinates of India’s stance at the WTO have shifted over time, the underlying ‘neorealist’ position adopted by India remains by and large unaltered. I. Introduction The ongoing process of Doha round of the WTO negotiations came to a standstill at Geneva in 2006. Thereafter the progress on the core issues of agriculture and NAMA has been insignificant with talks failing on more than one occasion. Therefore the round remains inconclusive till the present date. However it is during these past couple of years of turmoil in the multilateral trade negotiations...
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...Case study notes This case has been updated to include the Apple iPad. Principally this is case explores the issue of licensing and how successful firms can become unsuccessful. It is not a case about Apple and why it has become successful. This case study explores the rise of the Apple Corporation. The Apple iPod is one of the most successful new product launches in recent years, transforming the way the public listens to music, with huge ramifications for major record labels. More than 50 million MP3 players are expected to be sold in 2005; over a third more than last year. Mobile phones have long been regarded as the most credible challengers to MP3 players and iPods. The launch of digital download services via mobile phones illustrates the dramatic speed of convergence between the telecom and media industries, which many observers expect to usher in a new era of growth for mobile phones. Users are willing to pay more for additional services and many analysts predict that mobile phone handsets will eventually emerge as the dominant technology of the age, combining personal organisers, digital music players and games consoles in a single device. Indeed, Microsoft founder Bill Gates has predicted that mobile phones will supersede the iPod as the favoured way of listening to digital music. The launch of the Apple ipad in 2010 makes this case even more topical. This should form the basis of supplementary questions at the end of the case: How will the iPhone succeed? What about...
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...Scheme and Syllabus of B.E. (Computer Science and Engineering) 3rd TO 8th Semester 2013-2014 University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Panjab University, Chandigarh Scheme of Examination of B.E. in Computer Science & Engineering Second Year - Third Semester Subject Title Scheme of Teaching Univesity Sr.No Paper Code External L T P Hour Credits Marks s 1. CSE311 Data Structures 3 1 0 4 4 50 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Total Second Year -Fourth Semester Sr.No Paper Code 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. CSE411 CSE461 CSE412 CSE462 CSE414 CSE464 Subject Title Scheme of Teaching L 3 0 3 0 3 0 T 1 0 1 0 1 0 P 0 3 0 3 0 3 Hours 4 3 4 3 4 3 Credit 4 2 4 2 4 2 University External Marks 50 50 50 CSE361 CSE313 CSE363 AS301 EC316 EC366 EC317 EC367 Data Structures (Practical) Peripheral Devices & Interfaces Hardware Lab (Practical) Engineering Mathematics – III Digital Electronics Digital Electronics (Practical) Microprocessors Microprocessors (Practical) 0 3 0 3 3 0 3 0 15 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 3 0 2 0 0 2 0 2 09 3 4 2 4 4 2 4 2 29 2 4 1 4 4 1 4 1 25 50 50 50 50 250 Internal Total Sessional Marks 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 450 100 50 100 50 100 100 50 100 50 700 7. 8. Total ASC405 CSE 415 Analysis & Design of Algorithms Analysis & Design of Algorithms (Practical) Database Management System Database Management System (Practical) Object Oriented Programming Object Oriented Programming (Practical) Cyber Law & IPR Computer Architecture & Organization Internal Total Sessional Marks 50...
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...M U M B AI SILICON VALLEY BANGA LORE SINGA P ORE MUMBA I BK C NE W DE L HI MUNICH The Indian Medical Device Industry Regulatory, Legal and Tax Overview March 2015 © Copyright 2015 Nishith Desai Associates www.nishithdesai.com The Indian Medical Device Industry Regulatory, Legal and Tax Overview About NDA Nishith Desai Associates (NDA) is a research based international law firm with offices in Mumbai, Bangalore, Silicon Valley, Singapore, New Delhi, Munich. We specialize in strategic legal, regulatory and tax advice coupled with industry expertise in an integrated manner. We focus on niche areas in which we provide significant value and are invariably involved in select highly complex, innovative transactions. Our key clients include marquee repeat Fortune 500 clientele. Core practice areas include International Tax, International Tax Litigation, Litigation & Dispute Resolution, Fund Formation, Fund Investments, Capital Markets, Employment and HR, Intellectual Property, Corporate & Securities Law, Competition Law, Mergers & Acquisitions, JVs & Restructuring, General Commercial Law and Succession and Estate Planning. Our specialized industry niches include financial services, IT and telecom, education, pharma and life sciences, media and entertainment, real estate and infrastructure. Nishith Desai Associates has been ranked as the Most Innovative Indian Law Firm (2014) and the Second Most Innovative Asia - Pacific Law Firm (2014)...
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...2014-2015 Undergraduate Academic Calendar and Course Catalogue Published June 2014 The information contained within this document was accurate at the time of publication indicated above and is subject to change. Please consult your faculty or the Registrar’s office if you require clarification regarding the contents of this document. Note: Program map information located in the faculty sections of this document are relevant to students beginning their studies in 2014-2015, students commencing their UOIT studies during a different academic year should consult their faculty to ensure they are following the correct program map. i Message from President Tim McTiernan I am delighted to welcome you to the University of Ontario Institute of Technology (UOIT), one of Canada’s most modern and dynamic university communities. We are a university that lives by three words: challenge, innovate and connect. You have chosen a university known for how it helps students meet the challenges of the future. We have created a leading-edge, technology-enriched learning environment. We have invested in state-of-the-art research and teaching facilities. We have developed industry-ready programs that align with the university’s visionary research portfolio. UOIT is known for its innovative approaches to learning. In many cases, our undergraduate and graduate students are working alongside their professors on research projects and gaining valuable hands-on learning, which we believe is integral...
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...Undergraduate PROGRAMME OF STUDY (wef 2012 entry batch) Ma {gb Course Structure for B.Tech (4years, 8 Semester Course) Civil Engineering ( to be applicable from 2012 entry batch onwards) Course No CH-1101 /PH-1101 EE-1101 MA-1101 CE-1101 HS-1101 CH-1111 /PH-1111 ME-1111 Course Name Semester-1 Chemistry/Physics Basic Electrical Engineering Mathematics-I Engineering Graphics Communication Skills Chemistry/Physics Laboratory Workshop Physical Training-I NCC/NSO/NSS L 3 3 3 1 3 0 0 0 0 13 T 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 4 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 P 0 0 0 3 0 2 3 2 2 8 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 2 6 0 0 8 2 C 8 6 8 5 6 2 3 0 0 38 8 8 8 8 6 2 0 0 40 8 8 6 6 6 2 2 2 40 6 6 8 2 Course No EC-1101 CS-1101 MA-1102 ME-1101 PH-1101/ CH-1101 CS-1111 EE-1111 PH-1111/ CH-1111 Course Name Semester-2 Basic Electronics Introduction to Computing Mathematics-II Engineering Mechanics Physics/Chemistry Computing Laboratory Electrical Science Laboratory Physics/Chemistry Laboratory Physical Training –II NCC/NSO/NSS Semester-4 Structural Analysis-I Hydraulics Environmental Engg-I Structural Design-I Managerial Economics Engg. Geology Laboratory Hydraulics Laboratory Physical Training-IV NCC/NSO/NSS Semester-6 Structural Design-II Structural Analysis-III Foundation Engineering Transportation Engineering-II Hydrology &Flood Control Concrete Lab Structural Engineering Lab L 3 3 3 3 3 0 0 0 0 0 15 3 3 3 3 3 0 0 0 0 15 3 3 3 3 3 0 0 T 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 3 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 3 1 1 1 0 0 0...
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