...The Five Themes in Geography The Five Themes were developed by the National Council for Geographic Education to provide an organizing framework for the presentation of geographic materials. The Five Themes are as follows: Location: Position on the Earth's Surface (Absolute/Relative). Geographic study begins with the location of places on the earth. Places have absolute locations that pinpoint them on the earth, and relative locations that place each location in respect to other locations. Absolute location A location can be absolute (specific) as in coordinates of a map using longitude and latitude Relative location A location can be relative - examples: next door, nearby, a short drive, down the road a ways. Or, it can be in the same general location as another location - example: next to the post office. Place: What's it like there? Physical and Human Characteristics. Place have physical and human characteristics that make them what they are. Geography emphasizes the understanding of both of these factors and their integration together. Physical characteristics natural environment ( soil, water & climate) human characteristics man-made environment Human/Environment Interactions: Shaping the Landscape. The landscape of the earth is no longer a purely physical feature. Human have impact every area of the earth, but in varying ways. The geography of places is influenced by the degree to which humans have impacted their local environment. Humans depend on the environment...
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...ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY Y U K O A O YA M A J A M E S T. M U R P H Y SUSAN HANSON KEY CONCEPTS IN key concepts in economic geography The Key Concepts in Human Geography series is intended to provide a set of companion texts for the core fields of the discipline. To date, students and academics have been relatively poorly served with regards to detailed discussions of the key concepts that geographers use to think about and understand the world. Dictionary entries are usually terse and restricted in their depth of explanation. Student textbooks tend to provide broad overviews of particular topics or the philosophy of Human Geography, but rarely provide a detailed overview of particular concepts, their premises, development over time and empirical use. Research monographs most often focus on particular issues and a limited number of concepts at a very advanced level, so do not offer an expansive and accessible overview of the variety of concepts in use within a subdiscipline. The Key Concepts in Human Geography series seeks to fill this gap, providing detailed description and discussion of the concepts that are at the heart of theoretical and empirical research in contemporary Human Geography. Each book consists of an introductory chapter that outlines the major conceptual developments over time along with approximately twenty-five entries on the core concepts that constitute the theoretical toolkit of geographers working within a specific subdiscipline. Each entry provides...
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...GEO 210 – CULTURAL GEOGRAPHY – 40H “People & the Land: Introduction to Cultural Geography” TNCC – FALL 2012 Instructor: Larry Snider – Phone: (757) 850-4912 E-mail: sniderl@tncc.edu (school); Skimmerva@aol.com (home) Office Hours: 4:30-5:30 p.m. M (Rm 947 Templin Hall), 6-7 p.m. T (Rm 131A Diggs Hall), 5:00-5:30 p.m. W (Rm 947 Templin Hall) and by appointment INTRODUCTION COURSE DESCRIPTION: (from VCCS Master Course file): Focuses on the relationship between culture and geography. Presents a survey of modern demographics, landscape modification, material and non-material culture, language, race and ethnicity, religion, politics, and economic activities. Introduces the student to types and uses of maps. COURSE CONTENT: Cultural geography entails the study of spatial variations among cultural groups and the spatial functioning of society. The course provides an introduction to the manner in which humans have modified the world, emphasizing patterns of migration, livelihoods of man, and environments in which these modifications have taken place and continue to occur. It focuses on describing and analyzing the ways population, religion, language, ethnicity and race, political factors, economy, agriculture, industry, the urban setting, and other cultural phenomena vary or remain constant from one place to another. The framework of geographic location of significant countries, regions, and physical features is also addressed in order to provide the necessary...
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...Physical Geography Chapter 1: The Discipline of Geography Principles of Geography Geography is the study of the distributions and interrelationships of earth phenomena. Geography is different from other disciplines in that it doesn't have a particular "thing" it studies. Botanists study plants, while geologists are interested in rocks. Geography is defined by its approach or methodology. Geographers describe their discipline as a spatial science. By "space" we aren't talking about celestial space. Geographers are concerned with answering questions about how and why phenomena vary across the surface of the Earth. For instance, geographers investigate patterns of vegetation as they relate to distributions of climate, soils, and topography. Geographers recognize the dynamic nature of Earth's physical systems. The physical geography of Earth changes in response to variations in weather and climate, the shifting of continents, and and the sculpting of coastlines by wave action. By recognizing the Earth system is dynamic, geographers take time into consideration when looking at the spatial patterns of Earth phenomena. Therefore, geographers are playing important roles in understanding the effects of climate change on earth systems. The role of geographers in assessing patterns of environmental change is a theme that reoccurs throughout this book. Figure 1.1 Folded Appalachian Mountains Linear folds of the Appalachian Mountains can be easily seen in this satellite image. (Source: NASA/GSFC/JPL...
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...for my mixed ability year nine class offers a plethora of attributes that both incorporates sound core Geographic knowledge and divers teaching formats that can present a degree of awe and wonder into the minds of young people. Planning and teaching such a topic at a time when the Geography National Curriculum is being reviewed by the new coalition Government, seems to provide somewhat of a blank canvass as to what pedagogical approaches might be the most appropriate to adopt. Whatever the NC will look like, we are led to believe that there will be a re-focus on the ‘core’ knowledge in subjects like Geography. This is not to say a return to didactic teaching where teachers are merely transmitters of information, or indeed to adopt a textbook pedagogy which is reminiscent of the late 1970s and 1980s. The Geography Curriculum Consultation Full Report makes it clear “That a line-by-line, detailed list of geography’s contents is not the best way to draw a positive response from teachers . . . though there is strong support for the national curriculum achieving greater clarity over the core and essential knowledge contents of geography.” (Geographical Association, 2011, p.2 – cited in Debates in Geography). Having observed lessons in my school for several weeks now, I agree with this emphasis on teaching ‘core’ knowledge contents as I feel as if the emphasis in the classroom is more centred around designing creative activities which attempt to gain ‘buy-in’ from the students...
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...The urban in fragile, uncertain, neoliberal times: towards new geographies of social justice? R. ALAN WALKS Department of Geography, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Cananda L5L 1C6 (e-mail: alan.walks@utoronto.ca) Canadian cities are at a crossroads. The neoliberalization of governance at multiple scales, inadequate re-investment in urban infrastructure, increasing reliance on continental and international trade, and the restructuring of the space economy have combined to weaken Canada’s cities just as the global economic system is undergoing transformation. Canadian urban geographic scholarship has much to offer under current conditions, and is already making significant contributions in key areas. In particular, research on what might be called the contours and impacts of urban restructuring and the neoliberal city, immigration and cities of difference, and urban environmental justice show much promise and are likely to define the core of Canadian urban geography into the future. Key words: cities, urban geography, Canada, economic restructuring, neoliberalism, social justice L’urbain ` une ´poque fragile, incertaine et a e n´olib´rale: vers de nouvelles g´ographies de la e e e justice sociale? ` Les villes canadiennes sont a la crois´e des chemins. e Alors que l’´conomie mondiale traverse une p´riode e e de transformation, la situation des villes au Canada se pr´carise avec les effets de la restructuration e ` n´olib´rale de la gouvernance a multiples...
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...Chapter 1 - Geography Matters: Definitions: * Human geography the study of the spatial organization of human activity and of people’s relationships with their environments * Cartography: the body of practical and theoretical knowledge about making distinctive visual representations of Earth’s surface in the form of maps * Map projection: a systematic rendering on a flat surface of the geographic coordinates of the features found on Earth’s surface * Ethnocentrism: the attitude that a persona’s own race and culture are superior to those of others * Imperialism: the extension of the power of a nation through direct/indirect control of the economic and political life of other territories * Masculinism: the assumption that the world is and should be shaped mainly by men for men * environmental determinism: a doctrine holding that human activities are controlled by the environment * globalization: the increasing interconnectedness of different parts of the world through common processes of economic, environmental political and cultural change * ecumene: the total habitable area of a country. Sine it depends on the prevailing technology, the available ecumene varies over time. Canada’s ecumene is so much less than its total area. * Geodemographic research: investigation using census data and commercial data (i.e. sales data and property records) about populations of small districts to create profiles of those populations for market research ...
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...studies. First thing you have to do in social studies is write down the geography question on that is one the board an write the answer in your steno because if you don’t have it then when has a daily quiz the you won’t have the answer. But you get to use your steno to help you that’s why it’s so important to write down question and the answer it. Second in social studies in the middle of the year you will have to study countries and there region. Then you will eventually have to take a map test and the map test is easy if you study the countries. Every day you will have to read about a country then write notes that is on the board, and then writes the notes in your notebook. After that you will have to take a map test. Projects are the most that count in social studies and there very fun to do. At the end of the year you will have to take a final that means you will have to take a test over the whole world and that’s hard to remember, meanwhile every day you will learn about a country. Third is you getting to do very fun activities in social studies, involving with the countries. You can even play bingo, and you get to play other games too you even get to go outside. Then every week or so you get to do a geo-themes and sometimes you get to do the worksheet with a partner. The best part of the year is the last 4 weeks of the year you get to sit where ever you want and then you get to do a news report over a country that you studied. I really like to go to social...
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...San Diego State University Syllabus World History Fall 2015 History 101, Sec. 03 Dr. Mahdavi Student Learning Goals for Content and Skill Acquisition: This is a course in the history of the human community from approximately 1500 C.E. to the present. The course differs from the traditional Western Civilization class in that the entire world rather than Europe alone is the focus of study. The central questions the course will ask are these: What is Modernity, that is, what do we mean when we ask of "the modern world" in which we live? How have the political, social, cultural, and economic forces that we associate with modernity changed our world and its people during the past 500 years? Why has the intercommunication, interaction, and interdependence of the peoples of the world become so much more intense during the past 500 years than they were in earlier ages? How and why did western civilization rise to global domination in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, and how has the challenge of western power and cultural prestige affected the course of history of all the World's people? Finally a question that we should be asking throughout the semester: how have the patterns of world history over the past 500 years determined or affected 1) the way we now live and think, and 2) our prospects for peace, prosperity, and the "pursuit of happiness" in the coming decades? This course is NOT primarily a narrative survey of civilizations, dynasties...
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...the structure and character of spatial information, its capture, its classification and qualification, its storage, processing, portrayal and dissemination, including the infrastructure necessary to secure optimal use of this information"[1] or "the art, science or technology dealing with the acquisition, storage, processing production, presentation and dissemination of geoinformation".[2] Geomatics is a similarly used term which encompasses geoinformatics, but geomatics focuses more so on surveying. Geoinformatics has at its core the technologies supporting the processes of acquiring, analyzing and visualizing spatial data. Both geomatics and geoinformatics include and rely heavily upon the theory and practical implications of geodesy. Geography and earth science increasingly rely on digital spatial data acquired from remotely sensed images analyzed by geographical information systems (GIS) and visualized on paper or the computer screen.[3] Geoinformatics combines geospatial analysis and modeling, development of geospatial databases, information systems design, human-computer interaction and both wired and wireless networking technologies. Geoinformatics uses geocomputation and geovisualization for analyzing geoinformation. Geoinformatics Research Research in this field is used to support global and local environmental, energy and security programs. The Geographic Information Science and Technology (GIST) Group of Oak Ridge National Laboratory are supported by various government...
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...Features Categories/ Sections The categories/sections are visible right below the NatGeo logo in a hard to miss yellow on black background, just like the logo. The first level of categories includes Home, Video, Photography, Animals, Environment, Travel, Adventure, NatGeo TV, Kids and Shop. When one hovers over any one of these categories, it is illuminated in a different colour with a dropdown box which showcases photographs and article titles about the featured content under that category. Also comes with it a horizontal submenu which gives further sub-categories. Notifications/ Alerts There are no direct notifications or alerts on the website as it is not a social networking or market watch website. Instead all the notifications and alerts are sent by mail to the user’s email id from the Nat Geo website. Integration of Data The content/data in the website has been integrated clearly and quite precisely. Every article, photograph and video has a tag which makes it easier for the data to be classified into categories. The website has a Root structure which can be explained by the following example. Eg. Under Enviornment >> Green Guide >> Green Living >> Green Household >> Vegans and Vegetarians >> The article ‘Side Effects of Becoming a Vegetarian’ Personalization A user can personalize their account by filling in personal details like creating a Username, specifying their Date of Birth, defining their Location, uploading a Profile...
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...Humans have geographically altered the world. Sure, for billions of years, the earth has been changing itself, but humans have done a much faster job. Humans, with our awful habits of deforestation, burning fossil fuels, and causing drainage, are ruining our earth. At first glance, global warming is good for the earth. It would undeniably prevent another ice age from occurring. On the other hand, it would also cause hurricanes, which is bad. Human actions have become the key factor of the earth’s changes. These actions have become way more dangerous than any natural force. George Perkins Marsh, an American geographer, lawyer, public servant, and philologist, took it upon himself to make it known that human actions were changing the earth, for the bad. Marsh, in his book Man and Nature, showed like no one had before the effects man had on the environment and why it mattered. Man and Nature remains today a geographical classic. Marsh compares the earth to a home and man to the tenant. He essentially says man is ripping out the carpets, breaking windows, and letting the ceiling collapse. I definitely agree with that statement. Through the years, evidence of human transformation of the earth has presented itself to me. The hurricanes of 2004, for example, are a result of global warming. The ocean is warmer and the winds stronger, which makes for a very powerful hurricane. And hurricanes, or course, cause damage to homes, cities, and even states. Hurricanes Charley, Frances,...
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...geographical region where cultural traits maintain homogeneity. The cultural traits are supposed to be the product of regional geographical circumstances. It is, thus, regional geography which has become the basis of the delineation of cultural realms in the world. Ratzel’s concept of cultural landscape provided encouragement to geographers for culture regionalization. Blache and Spencer are other geographers who considered the study of cultural realms as an important part of human geography. Apart from the geographers, historians, anthropologists and sociologists have also tried to regionalise the world into cultural realms. The variables of culture include the economic organization, social customs, traditional values, dietary habits, dress patterns, language and uniformity in physical characteristics. On the basis of these variables, various cultural realms can be identified. Brock Webb tried to establish the dominance of a particular phenomenon over the evolution of cultural landscape. He found that the impact of religious values is tremendous over the entire cultural system. All over the world, human beliefs, day-to-day activities and even dress patterns, food habits and social values are influenced by religious messages. To many geographers, religious messages are also influenced by regional geography. A cultural religious investigation reveals that the culture of a particular region becomes ineffective once the religious impact is withdrawn. Considering these phenomena, Brock...
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...Dogon Mask Dance Dogons are from Mali in West Africa. Dogon masks rank among the most respected within the world of tribal art collections and have influenced such Western 20th-century artists as Picasso and Braque, even the Cubist movement. The mask binds the Dogon people to the celestial world of heaven (where the afterworld exists) and Earth, which provides food, shelter and life. An important Dogon tradition is the Dama or masked funeral dance. By masquerading behind masks, the dancers allow the souls of the deceased to escape to their final resting place and to join the ranks of their ancestors, thereby restoring order to the universe. Participation in the Dama is a great honor as it represents the final step in the passage from boyhood to manhood. Boys eagerly watch the infrequently performed ``Dama``, in anticipation of the day in which they may also participate in the dance. The village Elders, who are too old to endure the physical exertion of the dance, stand on the sideline, play the music, explain the meaning of the various masks, and keep the pace of the ritual going. The Dama is usually performed every five years or so. Another one is the ``Sigi`` The most significant celebration that take place every 60 years. The dancers of the sirige mask are considered the most skilled. They use their teeth to balance the 20-foot (6-meter) high mask, which is carved from the limb of a single tree. Dancers swing the mask in sweeping motions to represent the...
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...(lab) BIO 101 Biology in Your World BIO 111* Understanding Bio Sys Through Inq. (lab only) BIO 121* General Biology I (lab) BMS 100 Concepts & Issues in the Life Sciences BMS 105 Concepts & Lab in the Life Sciences (lab) BMS 110* Intro to Biomedical Sciences (lab) BMS 111* Intro to Lab in Biomedical Sci (lab only) GLG 115 Life of the Past Physical Sciences (3-5 credit hours) AST 113 Modern Astronomy AST 114 Survey of Astronomy AST 115 Basic Astronomy (lab) CHM 107 Chemistry for the Citizen CHM 108* Chemistry for the Citizen Lab CHM 116* Fundamentals of Chemistry CHM 117* Fundamentals of Chemistry Lab GLG 110 Principles of Geology (lab) GLG 171 Environmental Geology GRY 135 Principles of Weather & Climate (lab) GRY 142 Introductory Physical Geography (lab) PHY 100 Survey of Physics (lab) PHY 101* Physics by Inquiry for Educators (lab) PHY 123* Introduction to Physics I (lab) PHY 203* Foundations of Physics I (lab) 4(3-3) 3(3-0) 1(0-2) 4(3-3) 4(4-0) 4(3-2) 4(3-2) 1(0-2) 3(3-0) 3(3-0) 4(4-0) 4(3-2) 3(3-0) 1(0-2) 4(4-0) 1(0-2) 4(3-2) 3(3-0) 4(3-2) 4(3-2) 4(3-2) 4(2-6) 4(3-2) 5(4-2) GEC 107 (no lab) GEC 106 (lab) HUMAN CULTURES 4 different course codes from these boxes Social & Behavioral Sciences (choose two, 6 credit hours) AGR 100 Food Security 3 ANT 125 Exploring Our Human Ancestry 3 CFD 155 Principles of Human Development 3 CFD 163 Relationships in...
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