Global Warming, aside from pollution is one of the populations biggest concerns. Global Warming is caused by the Greenhouse effect. As mater of fact there are four steps in the Greenhouse effect. The first one is Sunlight radiates from the sun, through space, to Earth/-Es atmosphere. Number two is the sunlight enters the atmosphere and hits Earth. A small portion of it turns into heat energy in the form of infrared light. The heat gets absorbed by surrounding air and land, which in turn makes it warm. Number three infrared rays that are remitted, into the atmosphere are trapped by greenhouse gases. Number four the gas then absorbs the light and is remitted back to the Earth/-Es surface and warms it even more.
Some of the naturally occurring greenhouse gases are Methane and carbon dioxide. This is the way the Earth keeps itself warm enough for mammals to live on it. The only problem with this is that humans enhance the process even more. Over the One Hundred and fifty years the emissions of greenhouse gases have been increasing due to the increase in technology that humans have developed (example, factories, Automobiles). These human- induced gases include carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and ozone depleting substances such as CFCs, also known as Chlorofluorocarbons, hydro fluorocarbons, and per fluorocarbons, These gases are generated a number of human activities such as fossil fuel combustion, waste disposal in landfills, the use of refrigerator, numerous agricultural and industrial activities, and the cutting down of numerous forests. These human practices have already changed the chemical make up of the atmosphere. When comparing One hundred and fifty years ago and today, we have seen the concentration of carbon dioxide rise up to Thirty percent in some regions, especially in the Northern hemisphere, human practices have increased concentrations of aerosols in atmosphere which is a traditional form of air pollution, which tends to cool the atmosphere. With all these gases in the air, it is starting to change the Earth/-Es climate. The temperature of the Earth/-Es surface is as warm, if not warmer than it has been in any other century since at least 1400 AD. The temperature over the past century has risen one degree Fahrenheit over the past last century. These last few decades have been the warmest this century. The sea level has risen four to ten inches, and mountain glaciers world- wide have begun to retreat. It is important to recognize that with the recent warming and the other climatic changes that have been going on have not been related to one another. For example, warming has been greatest over the mid- latitude continents in the winter and spring, with some are of cooling, such as over the North Atlantic Ocean. Local, and regional climate variation are not inconsistent with the existence of global warming. One recent study by the IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) said that

Unless governments do something to restrict the emissions of greenhouse gases to a lower level, global temperatures could rise 1.6 to 6.3 degrees Fahrenheit by the year 2100. This would represent the fastest rate of global warming since the end of the last ice age more than 10,000 years ago. With the increased warming of the Earth it could lead to catastrophic events that could endanger living things on our planet. One event is major drought all around the world. With the manufactures of CFCs and other ozone depleting products include. : DuPont, Elf-Atcham, ICI, Lafourche, Rhone Poulenc, Nippon Halon, and Allied Signal” (Greenpeace). The total value of all the ozone depleting products since 1986 exceeded $30.6 billion, with the United States producing a large majority of the products. There are other elements and man made chemicals that contribute to the ozone depletion. Any form of elemental bromine that reacts with ozone is vary volatile. For example, methyl bromide is a compound that is used as a pesticide and fumigat; the break down of bromine atoms in pesticides due to the sun’s rays, can be more than 40 times as destructive to ozone molecules than chlorine atoms. Halon , which are used in fire extinguishers contain bromine and are also depleters of the ozone. Another product that is destructive is methyl chloroform, in which are solvents in industrial processes. Hydro chlorofluorocarbons are known as HCFCs, they are currently are categorized as class two ozone depleting substances because these products do not deplete the ozone as CFCs, even though they deplete the ozone to some extent. Man-made chemicals are not the only way ozone depletion can occur; natural depletion is another reason why ozone depletion takes place.
Ultraviolet light in the atmosphere breaks down the ozone molecules into molecular oxygen and atomic oxygen, in a process called process called photolysis. Natural, hydrogen oxides, account for nearly 11 % of all natural depletions. Nitrogen oxides are responsible for 50-70 % of all natural depletions. Volcanoes and oceans naturally emit large amounts of chlorine, but they easily dissolve in water and are washed out by rain, therefore, the chlorine does not reach the stratosphere to deplete the ozone. Natural depletors are factors we really do not have much control over; however, we do have control over the man-made chemicals. The thinning of the ozone layer that protects us from ultraviolet radiation is increasing and ramifications will have numerous worldwide effects on human life. Statistics and laboratory experimental studies have proven the increase exposure to ultraviolet rays can cause actinic keratosis, melanoma and no melanoma cancers.
Excessive or even mild exposure to ultraviolet radiation can also cause eye diseases such as: cataracts (lose of focus in the lens which clouds vision), pterygium (tissue growth on the white of the eye that can block vision), Skin, Cancer’s around the eyes, blindness, and degeneration of the macula. According to the Environment Protection Agency, “It is estimated that a sustained 10 % loss of ozone could lead to a 26 % increase in the number of classes of no melanoma skin cancer per year worldwide” and “ At the same time, 1.6 million additional cataract cases per year could occur” (Environment Protection Agency). The increase of ultraviolent –radiation, because of the reduction of ozone will also immune system suppression. Scientist have found that overexposure to the sun can alter the function and distribution of white blood cells (disease-fighting cells) in humans, resulting in weaker immune system to fight diseases and a worldwide increase in sickness. Ultraviolet radiation also attacks DNA in individual cells this process destroys the basic building blocks of life.
The depletion of ozone layer will just as dramatically effect plants as much as it would the humans. In plants and trees the increase in ultraviolet radiation will interfere with photosynthetic activity, metabolism, flowering, life cycles and growth. The ultraviolet radiation could get so high that it may start burning trees and eventually forests; in the process destroying our sources of oxygen that we need to survive. The increase in radiation will start to diminish crops
And other food sources. Starting with the depletion of ozone layer, the domino effect of the extinction of biological systems on Earth would continue to plants and then on to the marine ecosystem. The effects of poisoning of the ozone layer will lash out on the marine ecosystem. The marine ecosystem would severely suffer from the thinning ozone and the increase exposure to ultraviolet radiation. Starting with phytoplankton, the foundation of aquatic food chains, would loose their mobility, reproduction ability, a decrease in photosynthetic activity and orientation in these small organisms. Scientific proof has demonstrated a direct reduction in phytoplankton production due to ozone depletion-related increases in ultraviolet radiation. Damage to the early developmental stages of shrimp, fish, crabs, amphibians and other animals has also been linked to ultraviolet radiation exposure. Greenpeace said, ”a sustained 16% ozone depletion could lead to loss of up to seven million tons of fish per warming of the planet, the water on the ground would quickly evaporate causing the rivers and lakes to quickly dry up. This would lead to people dying from hunger if they do not have enough money to pay the price for food. Another event that would occur from global warming is the drastic rise in sea level. As the Earth warms up, the polar ice caps will start to melt. This would put immense amounts of water into Earth/-Es oceans. All cities along the coast would be flooded from the rise in sea level. This would cause shortage in space in some areas. With the coastal cities under water, this would cause a great economic strain on the rest of the cities throughout the world. Global Warming would also cause extreme weather. Thunderstorms would be more powerful than they have ever been. Tornadoes would be stronger ten they normally would. With the warming of the surface it would also warm the ocean over time. This would cause hurricanes to be numerous and stronger than they have ever been. There is only one way to stop global warming before it becomes a real threat. That way is to stop emitting the greenhouse gases that cause global warming. Only then will the problem of global warming be solved.