...State Capitalism and Globalization 1. Although state-owned enterprises (SOEs) are diminishing, they still comprise one third of China’s and Russia’s Gross Domestic Product (Wooldridge, 2012). According to The Economist, China, alone, has 121 SOEs over which the government has direct control (2011). When bank loans are granted, the favored SOEs are the recipients and government controls the reins by retaining a controlling stake of shares. Likewise, SOEs are given preferential interest rates and allowed access to land at prices that are below market value (The Economist, 2011). Government intervention affects the prospects for economic and business development in a negative way by encouraging inefficiency and biased decision-making that may not be in the long-run interests of the company. In China, favoritism is rampantly on display and the government picks the winner and losers (The Economist, 2011). Furthermore, while many free trade economies – like the United States – often encourage foreign investment, China only appears to do so. SOEs are often given preferential treatment while foreign investors are subject to over-regulation (The Economist, 2011). 2. The globalization of markets and of production has lowered the barriers to business development. These barriers stood in economic, political, and social sectors of the world market. This rise in free trade and has led to an increase in the private sector, but this is miniscule compared to the control and power of State...
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...There are several rationales for or against government intervention in or regulation of the health care industry in the United States. This section will focus on the grounds on which government intervention in or regulation of the health care industry in the United States might be justified. The overriding objective in regulation was, and continues to be, rate setting (Folland, Goodman, & Stano, 2010) in the health care industry. Generally, markets are problematic in health care because markets do not provide goods efficiently or equitably. Though markets usually work well, however, there are many circumstances in which market forces, left to them, will fail to maximize economic and social welfare, and, as a consequence, there will be a case for government interventions (Hayes, et al., 2011). Its primary goal is to limit the high price-cost margins that would otherwise be expected (Folland, Goodman, & Stano, 2010), along with promoting the best minimal quality levels while reducing waste and abuse of expenditures. Recent review from Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews identified four main categories of market failure that might justify government intervention: intervention externalities; imperfect information; demerit goods; time-inconsistent preferences (a situation in which an individual’s preferences change over time without any change in information (Hayes, et al., 2011). An example of demerit good is something that is seen as intrinsically unhealthy, degrading or...
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...From the birth of the American Republic, there has been a debate over whether the American government acts in an isolationist or interventionist manner. Throughout its history, from the Mexican-American War and Mexican Revolution, the U.S. in Nicaragua, and World War I, that the United States has undeniably and continuously acted as an interventionist in world affairs. The United State’s economic interests, as well as its mission to spread democracy, were leading causes for intervention. There is a fine line between encouraging change in countries and interfering in their international affairs; however, the U.S. has repeatedly crossed it. The Mexican-American War was a major military intervention for the US. The United States began to infringe upon Mexico’s sovereignty in the 1840s when the American mission of manifest destiny advances the United States’ economic interests of Westward expansion throughout Mexican territory (Lecture Sept. 24). In this case, the American public, which was influenced by the Polk administration, justified and disguised means for war and territorial and economic expansion as being “pioneers of civilization,” (Herring 201) and spreading the blessing of democracy; American public support for the war was strong. Moreover, Mexican land was the driving factor of the war because Polk considered Western territory to the Pacific Coast to be valuable as it would be pivotal to increase American power, as well as important to conquer before European powers...
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...Imperialism is one of the many ways in which the United States has influenced immigration from Latin and Central America into the United States. The United States’s desire to expand their territory and protect their wealth has led them into Latin American territories such as Mexico, Guatemala, and El Salvador time after time. As a result of this incursion a massive wave of immigration occurred, which led Latin Americans to rush into the U.S. to escape the economic and political pressures created by U.S. intervention. The political violence and economic instability of Guatemala and El Salvador, along with the forced invasion of Mexican territory by the United States, have all shaped the experiences of these countries. I will examine how imperialistic...
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...The thesis of “A Short History of U.S. Interventions in Latin America and the Caribbean” is that the United States interventions in Latin America and the Caribbean have done more harm than they have done good. Alan McPherson states that during opening phases of the Monroe Doctrine the United States focused on keeping the European Powers out of Latin America, it was even called the” …[g]ospel of the new continent] . McPherson explains how the United States took the policy of establishing puppet governments in the interest of American businessmen and ideological survival. McPherson wrote this book so to carefully detail and explain the destructive policy that is mostly forgotten by the citizens of the US, because the government would prefer to keep the blunders of our past covered and quiet. McPherson understand that not everyone in interested in the exploits of the American past, so he writes with the intent of educating the curious reader and aspiring intellectual. McPherson believes that the American establishment has involved themselves in the politics of South America to enhance the security and economy of our own nation while sacrificing the same from other South American nations. The American government from our beginning held a policy of de-colonialization and after the...
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...Syrian President Bashar Assad warned against Western intervention in his country's 7-month-old uprising, saying such action would trigger an "earthquake" that "would burn the whole region." Assad comments were made against a backdrop of growing calls from anti-regime protesters for a no-fly zone over Syria and increasingly frequent clashes between government troops and army deserters, the most recent of which left at least 30 troops dead Saturday. I still think Western intervention will be appropriate if civilians continue to be hurt in the region. Syria has gone through drastic changes recently. The Arab League foreign ministers meeting approved sanctions against Syria on Nov. 27, the US Navy has dispatched an aircraft carrier for Syrian coastal waters, and the United States, Turkey and other countries have started evacuating nationals from Syria. These concerns have become the focus of world attention. Western intervention in the Syrian situation is a strategic consideration that has to do with reshaping the regional order, while the intensity of intervention mainly depends on the development and evolution of the state of affairs. The Western countries, represented by the United States, have increasingly intensified regional intervention to avoid becoming the biggest loser in the wave of the Middle East, and taken different treatments and multiple standards among the Middle Eastern countries according to their needs. The situations inside and outside Syria have undergone...
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...end of World War II. Between 1945 and 2018, the world has seen the rise and fall of communism governments, has witnessed countries formed and others torn apart. The world has seen empires fall and superpowers rise to take their place, only to become locked in the ideological Cold War that left all in fear of nuclear war. No country remained unaffected by the conflict of the United States (US) and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR). Consequently, Cold War politics continue to affect modern the actions and reputations of countries globally even long after its end in 1989. The Cold War refers to the...
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...Chapter 7 Government Intervention in International Business GOVERNMENT INTERVENTION 1. In a short essay, describe two methods of government intervention. What is the purpose of government intervention in international business? Answer Government intervention is often manifested as protectionism. Protectionism refers to national economic policies designed to restrict free trade and protect domestic industries from foreign competition. Protectionism often leads to two types of intervention: tariffs and nontariff barriers. A tariff is a tax imposed by government on imported products, effectively increasing cost of acquisition for the customer. A nontariff trade barrier, such as a quota, is a government policy, regulation, or procedure that impedes trade through means other than explicit tariffs. Governments intervene in trade and investment to achieve political, social, or economic objectives. Barriers are often applied to benefit specific interest groups, such as domestic firms, industries, and labor unions. A key rationale is to create jobs by protecting industries from foreign competition. Governments may also intervene to support home-grown industries or firms. In various ways, government intervention alters the competitive positions of companies and industries, and the status of citizens. (pp. 195-196; concept; Learning Objective 1; moderate; AACSB: Analytic Skills) RATIONALE FOR GOVERNMENT INTERVENTION 2. In a short essay, explain the four main motives for...
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...a more industrial society, there were increasing calls for government intervention. In the 1900's the view of the courts at that time was a laissez-faire approach, less government intervention. This was shown in Lochner v. New York 1905. The court said New York couldn't regulate working hours of bakers, it was unconstitutional. This laissez-faire approach continued in 1935, Schecter Poultry Corporation v. United States. Another case that showed the courts didn't want government intervention in the economy. The court claimed it was unconstitutional to take a action against the Brooklyn businesses that were selling diseased chickens. This free market stance of the courts came to an end during the tenure of the President T.Roosevelt. He wanted to introduce his programme the New Deal, that was essentially a programme of economic reform after the financial crisis in 1929. This included a tax on agricultural output, however the courts opposed this. This is shown in United States v. Butler 1936. Roosevelt responded in 1937 with a plan to enlarge the court, 'court packing'. This plan would have given him a majority in the court so he could pass his reforms easily. However the court didn't want this and reconsidered his legislation. They approved the 1935 National Labor Relations Act and Washington states minimum wage legislation. As time has gone on, the power the courts has on the governments level of intervention has decreased. Since Roosevelt essentially forced the Supreme...
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... the Thai government decided to trade in baht reserves for dollar reserves and invest them in the foreign exchange market. The Thai government participated in direct intervention. Direct intervention is a process that the government uses to change the amount of money supply within a country. The government can exchange their home currencies for foreign currencies and invest in the foreign exchange market. For example, if the Thai government wanted to force the baht to depreciate they would exchange the baht for another currency and invest that currency within the foreign exchange market. If they wanted the baht to appreciate they would exchange foreign currencies for the baht in the foreign exchange market. Because the Thai government exchanged the baht for foreign reserves, they were causing the baht to depreciate in value. There are two different types of direct intervention; sterilized and nonsterilized intervention. Nonsterilized intervention happens “when the Fed intervenes in the foreign exchange market without adjusting for the change in the money supply” (Madura, 2010). The end result of nonsterilized intervention is a change in the money supply. Sterilized intervention occurs when “the Fed intervenes in the foreign exchange market and simultaneously engages in offsetting transactions in the Treasury securities markets” (Madura, 2010). These two transactions leave the money supply unchanged. The Thai government participated in nonsterilized intervention. They did not...
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...|HUMANITARIAN INTERVENTION | |INTRODUCTION | Humanitarian intervention poses a hard test for any international society built on principles of sovereignty, non-intervention, and the non-use of force. Immediately after the Holocaust, the society of states established laws prohibiting genocide, forbidding the mistreatment of civilians, and recognizing basic human rights. These humanitarian principles often conflict with principles of sovereignty and non-intervention. Sovereign states are expected to act as guardians of their citizens’ security, but what happens if states behave as criminals towards their own people, treating sovereignty as a licence to kill? Should tyrannical states be recognized as legitimate members of international society and accorded the protection afforded by the non-intervention principle? Or, should states forfeit their sovereign rights and be exposed to legitimate intervention if they actively abuse or fail to protect their citizens? Related to this, what responsibilities do other states or institutions have to enforce human rights norms against governments that massively violate them? Armed humanitarian intervention was not a legitimate practice during the cold war because states placed more...
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...Government Intervening To Protect Our Cyberspace University of Maryland University College Table of Contents Introduction page…………………………………………………………………..3 Justification to Regulate Private Industry Cybersecurity………………………3-4 Real World Threat…………………………………………………………………4-5 Methods for Government Intervention:…………………………………….……5 Government’s Intervention Impacts on National Security………………….….5-6 Real World National Security Breaches…………………………………………6 Arguments of the Private Sector to Take Responsibility.................................6-7 Failure to Take Responsible Action................................................................7 Conclusion…………………………………………………………………………7-8 References.....................................................................................................8-9 Introduction In 1969, the first ever network was born into existence (ARPANET) also called advanced research projects agency network. The Government Defense Department worked diligently on this break through in order to link some of the United States most prominent research universities with a couple of purposes in mind:...
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...non-intervention by the United States. ´´ In their greatest hour of need, the world failed the people of Rwanda.´´ - Kofi Annan RESIT By: Amber Vos S2380285 Lecturer: Miss Justine Jones Group 3 Word Count: 2639 Table of Content Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 The legacy of Somalia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 The Lack of National Support . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 The role of the media . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Bibliography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Introduction On April the 6th 1994, the Hutu population of Rwanda attacked the Tutsi minority. In the short period of hundred days approximately 800,000 Rwandans, mostly Tutsi’s, were killed. Even the Convention for the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide which was adopted in 1948 by the United Nations...
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...which is the American dream Main idea 1: The tuition of college is so high but there is no pay back and no job guarantee Main idea 2: The United State government is making a college bubble that student can borrow money so easy to pay tuition. However, make the tuition even higher. Main idea 3: Students can not pay the loan which led to bad debt and endanger all holders of U.S. dollars. Main idea 4: College is worthless. It does not provide a higher opportunity or higher quality job. Students pay their tuition for nothing. Main idea 5: Few students in college will study how to grow or manufacture which make U.S. dollar worthless with no gold backup and manufacture bases. * Summary American are believe in the process that if someone enter a good college, it will led him/her to a good job, which led to be able to car and house and have a wonderful family. This is the American dream, but it is not true. The truth is the skyrocket tuition they pay does not reward them equally, and even can not get a job. The notion that no company will hire themselves if they do not have a degree from the college makes people believe they need a college degree, and with the money borrowed from the government easily, everyone are going to the college. However, it is actually a college bubble that is made by the United State government. In result, the bubble makes the tuition way higher than most people can afford. When the students are not able to pay the loan, because it cost...
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...Democracy is a right that many citizens hold dearly to their hearts. From small issues such as school funding to large issues like voting for president, nearly every citizen desires that their voice be heard and their opinions be carefully considered. Democracy has effectively shaped the United States as a whole. Democracy has created a sense of pride within the nation based on the ideals of freedom and opportunity. Furthermore, the country has been molded by the principles of democracy in the form of politics, morals, values, and social responsibility. The idea American Democracy was founded in the American colonies. Although at this time they had no interest in declaring independence from Brittan, they realized that they were over 3000 miles away from England and a system of government that brought the people closer together was necessary in order to thrive. As a result of this they formed the Mayflower Compact which set a precedent that the government received its power from the people. This was the first time that these Englishmen were able to elect their own ministers, church officers, and vote on which religion the group would follow. This is officially the first form of democracy in the United States....
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