...Egyptians developed a wide variety of buildings and structures such as the pyramids, temples, palaces and monuments Spread along the River Nile (Blakemore, 100). Egypt being a country on a vast Sahara desert, timber was so scarce hence the two most prominent building materials were stones and sunbaked mud bricks. The stones include limestones, granite, coral and sandstone. Since the establishment of the Old Kingdom, big stones and boulders were a preserve of temples and tombs leaving bricks for other uses such as temple precinct walls, town buildings, fortress, palace, temple complexes and annexes (Reich and Cunningham, 35). For the pyramids, mudbricks, gravel, quarry stones and sand were used to build its core. The ancient Egyptian architecture was main massive structures with thick sloping walls based on religious monuments. The walls were sloping with wide base for stability of the mud structures (Dieter, et al., 46). Use of arches in buildings was introduced in the fourth dynasty to replace the post and lintel building structures with flat roofs and massive supporting walls or closed placed pillars (Gates, 102). Commonly on the walls both internal and external and on the columns were hieroglyphic, carvings and pictorial frescoes in visually fascinating colors. Some of the famous buildings and structures of the ancient Egyptian architecture include; The Giza pyramid complex The complex of Egyptian pyramids was built in the fourth Dynasty to act both as tombs and make the name...
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...is known as The Great Sphinx which sits in front of Khafra’s pyramid guarding which is located in Giza. The statue has a body of a lion, and a head of a king. “The Sphinx was not assembled piece by piece, but was carved from a single mass of limestone exposed when workers dug a horseshoe-shaped quarry in the Giza plateau (Hadingham, 2010).” For the time period that this statue was erected it is quite impressive standing at roughly 66 feet tall and 240 feet long. Over the course of history the Sphinx has been buried several times in the sand, however now it is uncovered and on display to see. With the Sphinx’s age it has succumb to the elements and has been severely weathered and damaged. The original Sphinx had a nose but was smashed during the 15th century CE by Muslim troops “because their religion forbids images of a god (Putnam, 2011).” The Sphinx also had a braided beard that is thought to be added during restoration work sometime in the Eighteenth Dynasty. It is unlikely the braided beard was part of the original design because the beard was plaited. Those types of beards were depicted with gods and the deceased not kings and the...
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...Egypt 641–969 Fatimid Egypt 969–1171 Ayyubid Egypt 1171–1250 Mamluk Egypt 1250–1517 Early Modern Ottoman Egypt 1517–1867 French occupation 1798–1801 Egypt under Muhammad Ali 1805–1882 Khedivate of Egypt 1867–1914 Modern Egypt British occupation 1882–1922 Sultanate of Egypt 1914–1922 Kingdom of Egypt 1922–1953 Republic 1953–present Portal icon Egypt portal v t e The history of Egypt has been long and rich, due to the flow of the Nile river, with its fertile banks and delta. Its rich history also comes from its native inhabitants and outside influence. Much of Egypt's ancient history was a mystery until the secrets of ancient Egyptian hieroglyphs were deciphered with the discovery and help of the Rosetta Stone. The Great Pyramid of Giza is the only one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World still standing. The Lighthouse of Alexandria, one of the other Seven Wonders, is gone. The Library of Alexandria was the only one of its kind for centuries. Contents [hide] 1 Prehistory (pre–3100 BC) 2 Ancient Egypt (3100–332 BC) 3 Ptolemaic and Roman Egypt (332 BC–641 AD) 4 Arab and Ottoman Egypt (641–1882) 5 British Protectorate...
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...ARTS TEACHERS’ GUIDE Grade 9 ARTS Teacher’s Guide Unit I WESTERN CLASSICAL ART TRADITIONS GRADE 9 Unit 1 ARTS TEACHERS’ GUIDE GRADE 9 Unit 1 WESTERN CLASSICAL ART TRADITIONS LEARNING AREA STANDARD The learner demonstrates an understanding of basic concepts and processes in music and art through appreciation, analysis and performance for his/her self-development, celebration of his/her Filipino cultural identity and diversity, and expansion of his/her world vision. key - stage STANDARD The learner demonstrates understanding of salient features of music and arts of the Philippines and the world, through appreciation, analysis, and performance, for self-development, the celebration of Filipino cultural identity and diversity, and the expansion of one’s world vision. grade level STANDARD The learner demonstrates understanding of salient features of Western music and the arts from different historical periods, through appreciation, analysis, and performance for self-development, the celebration of Filipino cultural identity and diversity, and the expansion of one’s world vision. CONTENT STANDARDs The Learner: demonstrates understanding of art elements and processes by synthesizing and applying prior knowledge and skills demonstrates understanding that the arts are integral to the development of organizations, spiritual belief, historical events, scientific discoveries, natural disasters/ occurrences and other external phenomenon ...
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...62118 0/nm 1/n1 2/nm 3/nm 4/nm 5/nm 6/nm 7/nm 8/nm 9/nm 1990s 0th/pt 1st/p 1th/tc 2nd/p 2th/tc 3rd/p 3th/tc 4th/pt 5th/pt 6th/pt 7th/pt 8th/pt 9th/pt 0s/pt a A AA AAA Aachen/M aardvark/SM Aaren/M Aarhus/M Aarika/M Aaron/M AB aback abacus/SM abaft Abagael/M Abagail/M abalone/SM abandoner/M abandon/LGDRS abandonment/SM abase/LGDSR abasement/S abaser/M abashed/UY abashment/MS abash/SDLG abate/DSRLG abated/U abatement/MS abater/M abattoir/SM Abba/M Abbe/M abbé/S abbess/SM Abbey/M abbey/MS Abbie/M Abbi/M Abbot/M abbot/MS Abbott/M abbr abbrev abbreviated/UA abbreviates/A abbreviate/XDSNG abbreviating/A abbreviation/M Abbye/M Abby/M ABC/M Abdel/M abdicate/NGDSX abdication/M abdomen/SM abdominal/YS abduct/DGS abduction/SM abductor/SM Abdul/M ab/DY abeam Abelard/M Abel/M Abelson/M Abe/M Aberdeen/M Abernathy/M aberrant/YS aberrational aberration/SM abet/S abetted abetting abettor/SM Abeu/M abeyance/MS abeyant Abey/M abhorred abhorrence/MS abhorrent/Y abhorrer/M abhorring abhor/S abidance/MS abide/JGSR abider/M abiding/Y Abidjan/M Abie/M Abigael/M Abigail/M Abigale/M Abilene/M ability/IMES abjection/MS abjectness/SM abject/SGPDY abjuration/SM abjuratory abjurer/M abjure/ZGSRD ablate/VGNSDX ablation/M ablative/SY ablaze abler/E ables/E ablest able/U abloom ablution/MS Ab/M ABM/S abnegate/NGSDX abnegation/M Abner/M abnormality/SM abnormal/SY aboard ...
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