Grid computing
Modern society as a large-scale scientific and engineering computing need, forcing the computer must constantly improve its computing speed and storage capacity. History has shown that development of the computer, in order to achieve better processing performance, in addition to improve the speed of the hardware, the system must continue to improve the structure, especially when the components of the speed limit, which will become the focus of . Thus, the super parallel computer has become the master of complex scientific computing. However, the super computer-centric computing model has obvious deficiencies, and is currently being subjected to challenge. Although it is a super computer processing power of the "giant", but its cost is extremely expensive and usually only a few state-level sectors such as aerospace, military, meteorological and other departments have the ability to configure such a device. And as people encounter in their daily work more and more complex business computing, there is an urgent need for data-processing capabilities more powerful computers, while the price of supercomputers clearly prevented it from entering areas of work of ordinary people. So, people started looking for a low cost and superior data processing capability computing model, scientists have been trying to find the ultimate answer - Grid Computing (Grid computing).
Grid is an integrated computing environment and resources, or a pool of computing resources. Grid is an advanced computing infrastructure (Advanced Computational Infrastructure, referred to as ACI), for research and engineering applications of combining projects, disciplines involved in supercomputing technology, network technology, database technology, middleware, parallel algorithms and scientific research and application of various computing technologies, is a comprehensive high-tech multi-disciplinary research. Grid Computing (Grid Computing) is accompanied by the rapid development of Internet technology and up, is to geographically distributed computing resources (including databases, expensive equipment and other resources) to fully use up large-scale collaborative solutions to complex problems, particularly is to solve local resources alone cannot solve complex problems, is designed for scientific computing complex new computing model. This calculation model is the use of the Internet to geographically dispersed computers organized into a "virtual supercomputer", which every computer involved in the calculation is a "node", and the whole calculation is from tens of thousands " node "consisting of" a grid ", so this calculation is called grid computing. This organized a "virtual supercomputer" has two advantages, one is superior data processing ability; the other is to take advantage of idle processing power online. Simply put, the grid is to integrate the entire network into a single, large, super computer, to achieve computing resources, storage resources, data resources, information resources, knowledge resources, expert resources, full sharing.
In recent years, with the rapid growth in computing power, the popularity of the Internet and high-speed networks greatly reduce the cost and the traditional method of calculation and changes in the way the use of computers, grid computing, supercomputing has become an important trend in development. Grid computing is a new and important research area, which share resources with large size, high-performance computing and the main characteristics of innovative applications, will become the 21st century, an important impetus for economic development.