...information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org. American Sociological Association is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Sociometry. http://www.jstor.org and Competitionand Non-Competition its Relationship to Individual and Group Productivity of LEO KEITH HAMMOND AND MORTON GOLDMAN, University Kansas City the Variableswhichwill affect productivity small face-to-face of groups of are of great concernto our societysince so many functions business, government, educationare carriedout in such groups.An important and that study dealingwith this area was done by Deutsch (1). He reported to as groupin comparison individuals individuals working a "cooperative" of group showed more coordination effort, workingas a "competitive" achievement pressure,mutual and commonappraisals of communication, qualityof productivity unittime,and better per orientation orderliness, and He concluded: "It seems evident (to the extent productand discussions. that the resultshave any generality)that greatergroup or organizational or are cooperative productivity may be...
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...The performance of the Nuclear Tube Assembly Room has been significantly improved by Mr.Walter Long’s design method of highly motivating jobs for his workers. The recommendations laid out in the Process Engineer Proposal (PEP) will damage both the workers’ morale and put Mr. Long’s current success in the NTAR efforts in vain. In order to successfully start the LDTC and maintain the high improved performance of the NTAR, I recommend the PEP be rejected and your company create a new proposal that (1) preventing Mr. Singer from interfering with the production of the roomlimits Harold Singer’s interaction with the NTAR employees; (2) has no fixed-station assignment; (3) has no process specifications; and (4) combines testing with operation. NTAR ANALYSISAnalysis Before Mr. Long assumed his managerial role, the NTAR hadd a reputation of its employees being agitators and persistent troublemakers before Mr. Long assumed the management of it. Production was low and costs were out of control. Then Mr. Long reversed the situation over the past 24 months. The group has shown a 53% improvement in the dollar output per man-hour of work, 24% increase in direct labor efficiency and 11% to 12% improvement in the raw material utilization in tubes produced. In most recent fiscal year, the profit position for tube manufacturing operations was one of the best in the company. The group generated $457,000 profits, 45.7% of the company’s total profits. The high performance of the group is largely...
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...Black women and pregnancy: Fibroids by Kimberly Seals-Allers, author of The Mocha Manual to a Fabulous Pregnancy Reviewed by the BabyCenter Medical Advisory Board Last updated: January 2010 What are fibroids? Fibroids are noncancerous tumors that grow from muscle tissue in the uterus. Fibroids, also called uterine leiomyomas or myomas, can grow on the outside of your uterine wall, within the uterine wall, or into the uterine cavity. Women can have fibroids in one or more of these locations. The growths can be as small as a pea or as large as a basketball. But they are almost always benign, no matter how large they get. If a fibroid or cluster of fibroids is particularly large or is growing on the outside of the uterine wall, it can push the uterus into an abnormal position. It can also put pressure on the bladder or intestine, causing symptoms such as frequent urination, constipation, pelvic pain, or backache. Fibroids may also cause heavy menstrual bleeding. Fibroids can interfere with fertility, and they occasionally cause complications during pregnancy. For example, if a large fibroid blocks the opening of a woman's uterus, she may have to deliver her baby by c-section. African American women are more likely than other women to get fibroids, but any woman of any race can get them. Why is it especially important for black women to know about fibroids? In the United States, African American women have the highest rates of fibroids. They're two to three times...
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