...is always changing, the role of the managers has become more sensitive. In order to know how to handle a new workforce, and deal with the complication of the new environment, the supervisors need to develop their information about attitude and behavior of individuals, and groups in organization. Now we know not only the hard skills is important for get the job done, soft skills are helps managers to do their job more effectively and efficiently. What are hard and soft skills? "Hard skills include written communication, computer problem solving experiences, computer skills, and ability to understand new technologies, international business, time management and project management. (http://www.indiana.edu) Hard skills are most visible, the most exciting and therefore the most profitable skills in outdoor programs. "Soft skills are the interpersonal components of leadership, the people skills. Soft skills include interpersonal skills, oral communication, presentation skills, ethical values, decision-making and analytical ability, creativity and critical thinking, persuasiveness and influence, ability to work in teams and responsibility and accountability. Soft skills are defined as interpersonal and human relations skills; in other words "people skills". Organizational behavior is the study of how organizations can...
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...Most people already know what the definition of hard power is as such it can be made optional or compulsory. However, in a world dominated by information rather than imitation, there are more ingredients that mark important roles in managing and winning international awareness. The changing nature of power by Joseph S. Nye is an article emphasizing the changing role in the political view and how to take advantage in the new century in which old-fashioned political are not helpful. In the new era, leaders need to have both soft and hard power, including attractiveness, legitimacy and credibility, to be ahead in international affairs. In this article, the author defines power in international settings. In defining power, one cannot measure without knowing the background of the behavior of others. In the modern era, technology has changed the dimension of international power. The traditional authentic politics of the military and economic power have been converted into cyber-dimension based on technology. It has both positive and negative aspects, but it helps spreading nationalism. This trend marks a changing point of view of the role of traditional power. Internet communication has shaped both political dialogues and civilization conflicts. Therefore, countries have to reconsider the power of technology as the changing shift in the interaction between soft and hard power. In defining power, I accept humorously that power is just like love: easier to experience than to define...
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...Soft power refers to the ability of a nation to obtain outcomes that it desires through persuasion and more notably, attraction. Conversely, hard power refers to power obtained through coercion. Through various methods, India and China are two nations that have experienced an extreme increase in their position as soft powers. China has provided an attractive model for many other nations by serving as proof that modernization and westernization are not synonymous. The nation’s relationship focused culture and their ability to remain focused solely on business relationships and stay segregated from the governmental practices of their international partners adds to the attractiveness for some nations. Additionally, Confucius Institutes located around the world contribute to linguistic, historical, and cultural awareness. India also has a rich culture of which awareness is promoted through cultural centers around the world. It’s widespread influence can be depicted through the success of Indian cuisine, technology, Bollywood, and even yoga practices. India has transformed into a modernized democracy, attracting much attention through its large pool of English speaking workers in combination with its high-tech information technology abilities. These qualities have given rise to the expanding Business Process Outsourcing (BPO) industry in India. This industry has allowed for the increase of India’s confidence in the global arena and has provided a starting point for further expansion...
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...How can Technology help prevent climate change? Technologies for adaptation In many cases people will adapt to climate change simply by changing their behaviour – by moving to a different location say, or by changing their occupation. But often they will employ different forms of technology, whether “hard” forms, such as new irrigation systems or drought-resistant seeds, or “soft” technologies, such as insurance schemes or crop rotation patterns. Or they could use a combination of hard and soft, as with early warning systems that combine hard measuring devices with soft knowledge and skills that can raise awareness and stimulate appropriate action. Many of these technologies are already available and widely used. The global climate system has always confronted human societies with extreme weather events and in many respects future climate change will simply exacerbate these events, altering their scale, duration or intensity. Thus it should be possible to adapt to some extent by modifying or extending existing technologies. These may date back hundreds of years. Local communities have, for example, used traditional technologies to cope with regular flooding by building houses on stilts, and many communities continue to do so, even if they use more modern materials such as concrete pillars or corrugated iron roofs. Other technologies might be considered “modern”, dating from the industrial revolution in the late eighteenth century. Farmers have taken advantage of technological...
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...Soft power and the Korean Wave (J. Nye/Y. Kim) – Summary Gabriela Santana, Jan/2015 1A Soft power: The ability to strengthen mutual [political] cooperation potentials and exercise [political] influence through attraction. It can be contrasted with hard power: HARD POWER (FORCE) | SOFT POWER (ATTRACTION) | Military technology EconomyCoercive diplomacyAggressive and threatening | Culture (acceptability)Political values (admiration and trust)Foreign policiesAttract and co-opt | 1B 1C “Carrots and sticks”: The combination of rewards and punishment to induce behavior. Inspired by this idiom, Nye suggests three main ways to exercise power in order to reach one’s desirable outcome: 1) threats and coercion (“sticks”); 2) inducements or payments (“carrots”); 3) attraction that makes others want the same thing you want (“soft power”). 2A Signs of soft power potential in South Korea: Economic success Democratic political system (human rights; free elections; distribution of power) Korean tradition (art, crafts and cuisine) Success of Korean diaspora overseas. 2B Strategies to enhance the soft power: Attracting foreign students Increasing its overseas assistance outside Asia Government, companies, universities and non-profit organizations working together to develop and sponsor Korean cultural projects in order to gain visibility...... Hosting international conferences and events that draw attention to its success. 3A Korean Wave as soft power tool: Encouraged...
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...CAPSTONE CASE STUDY ON ORGANIZATIONAL ARCHITECTURE: ARTHUR ANDERSEN LLP 1. Discuss the environmental, strategic and organizational changes that occurred over the life of Andersen in the context of Figure 11.1. Architectural design of firm may vary among companies. There are most common categories are business environment, strategy, and organizational architecture. Business environment of Andersen includes technology that was used effectively; structure of its markets, regulations which helped Andersen to grow along with its reputation. The second category is strategy which includes Andersen’s primary goals, choice of business, and services. Finally, the last category is organizational architecture which explains how authority is distributed among Andersen’s employees, and how rewards determined. BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT TECHNOLOGY | MARKETS | REGULATIONS | Company started using computers for bookkeeping.Company developed the largest technology practice. | Arthur Andersen was well respected, reputable auditing company for many customers.Early 1950s Andersen entered in computer consulting business. | The federal law in 1930’s which required companies to provide their financial statements to an independent auditor each year helped Andersen’s grow. | STRATEGY Quality audits were valued more than higher short-run firm profits.“Four cornerstones” of good service, quality audits, well managed staff and profits.Auditors were rewarded and promoted for making sound audit...
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...Techniques for copying with soft errors Ushna Asif Computer Science Bahria University Karachi campus Karachi, Pakistan ushnaasif99@gmail.com hajra masood Computer Science Bahria University Karachi campus Karachi, Pakistan Hajra.cs@gmail.com Aniqa Naeem Computer Science Bahria University Karachi campus Karachi, Pakistan Aniqanaeem@yahoo.com Abstract—This electronic document is a “live” template and already defines the components of your paper [title, text, heads, etc.] in its style sheet. *CRITICAL: Do Not Use Symbols, Special Characters, or Math in Paper Title or Abstract. (Abstract) Keywords—component; formatting; style; styling; insert (key words) Introduction There are many different kind of fault tolerance in computer architecture like failure in operating system and other hardware issues raised in our daily lives among them there is a soft error issues which is also called as semiconductor transient faults. This fault occurred by the cosmic rays or substrate alpha particle that can also have possibly corrupt the user data. A soft error event causes enough of a charge disturbance to reverse or flip the data state of a memory cell, register, latch, or flip-flop. [1] The error is called “soft” because the circuit/device itself is not permanently damaged by the radiation; if new data are written to the bit, the device will store it correctly. The soft error is also often referred to as a single event upset(SEU). If the...
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...Soft drinks are enormously popular beverages consisting primarily of carbonated water, sugar, and flavorings. Nearly 200 nations enjoy the sweet, sparkling soda with an annual consumption of more than 34 billion gallons. Soft drinks rank as America's favorite beverage segment, representing 25% of the total beverage market. In the early 1990s per capita consumption of soft drinks in the U.S. was 49 gallons, 15 gallons more than the next most popular beverage, water. The roots of soft drinks extend to ancient times. Two thousand years ago Greeks and Romans recognized the medicinal value of mineral water and bathed in it for relaxation, a practice that continues to the present. In the late 1700s Europeans and Americans began drinking the sparkling mineral water for its reputed therapeutic benefits. The first imitation mineral water in the U.S. was patented in 1809. It was called "soda water" and consisted of water and sodium bicarbonate mixed with acid to add effervescence. Pharmacists in America and Europe experimented with myriad ingredients in the hope of finding new remedies for various ailments. Already the flavored soda waters were hailed as brain tonics for curing headaches, hangovers, and nervous afflictions. Pharmacies equipped with "soda fountains" featuring the medicinal soda water soon developed into regular meeting places for local populations. Flavored soda water gained popularity not only for medicinal benefits but for the refreshing taste as well. The market expanded...
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...towards mutual beneficial outcome staged serious challenge to the notion of hard power anchored in realism through the birth of soft power. The notion of power (soft power) set forth by these paradigms has begun to attract significant interest among academics and even practitioners in politics which has set a new wave of thinking and evaluation of statecraft in International relations. A number of developments in global politics have played into the increasing relevance of soft power in recent...
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...Real time Systems:- Definition:- A real time system is basically an information processing system which has to respond to externally generated input stimuli within a specific timeframe. * The correctness depends on the time it was delivered not only on the logical result it generally produced. * Failure encounters a wrong response A real time system is actually a system that acts to the event within a specified time period. A real time system depicts those systems which have to perform certain calculation within specific time period, delayed results may be considered wrong. In 2001, Shaw explained that real time systems have a very limited time constraints which are defined by the systems requirements, which reflects the aspects of outer world. Real time systems are now become important part of this modern age, safety and privacy issues and performance of such systems have also been raised .In 2000 Halang and Druzovec explained that performance in real time system depends on higher bandwidth, faster response and faster computation power. A real time systems state is dependent on a function of physical time eg; a chemical reaction continues to change its state from one state to another even after the supervising computer system is stopped. This real time system can easily be decomposed into a set of subsystems i.e. human operator, controlled object, real time computer system. A real time system must react to the stimuli with the help of the controlled object within specific...
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...Question 1. What are the tag requirements and available capacities under the different options through 1984? Answer 1. By 1980 Sensormatic dominated the market for electronic article surveillance systems, accounting for 70% of U.S sales and over 50% of the European market. Sensormatic’s major competitor at that time was Kongo Corporation, whose technology includes low-frequency radio waves in comparison with Sensormatic’s microwaves technology. Sensormatic’s microwave system had some health concerning issues which at that time Kongo Corporation tried to use for undercutting Sensormatic’s position in the market. But healthcare investigations showed that emissions from the product was at the allowable stage, and had no any affection on human health. Initially, Sensormatic or product-tags was only soft kind of products that need to be protected from theft. But as market was filled with not so huge but potential competitors, Sensormatic was forced to develop new kind of tags for meeting market requirements. That new kind of product was tagging system that could be used for hard kind of products such as records or cassettes. In addition, it added several variations on the basic system, including different sized transmitter and receiver for shops with wide entrance, several kind of tags (ranging from inexpensive tags to top line Aligator tags), and several tag removers. Company’s tags were reusable ones with life of approximately four year. Aligator tags were the...
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...overseen a 30 percent growth in the annual sales (Jones & George 2003). With the increase of sale and exports a number of challenges have become evident including the absence of a formal management arrangement and the pressure placed of the efficiency and effectiveness of employees (Jones & George 2003). As EasiYo continues to grow into a multinational business, EasiYo must adopt a mixture of hard and soft approaches to human resource management. Coupled with Mayo’s approaches to management EasiYo will be able to overcome its challenges professionally and effectually. Also EasiYo must address the issues of maintaining a workforce environment that is organizationally diverse and maintains the standards of Organizational Health and Safety. Within EasiYo, there is a nepotistic system that creates a reliable and devoted workforce but can be detrimental to the company (Jones & George 2013). Nepotism is the influence of favoring family members within a business and implicates on many aspects of the business including development, control and effectiveness. Nepotism is hard to manage; taking an intellectual, analytical approach to management can see the minimization of Nepotism’s implications (Wong & Kleiner 1994; Williams 2012). Nepotism in EasiYo also created some difficulty when O’Brien decided to automate the labor to reduce manual handling and safety risks (Jones & George 2013). O’Brien handled this situation by using both manual and automated handling, although...
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...TRAVEL AGENCY BUSINESS PLAN ROMANIAN EXPERIENCE 1. The Business Romanian Experience will begin operations this year and provide travel packages with upscale accommodations, gourmet food, and quality service providers to the clients. Romanian Experience includes hard-adventure travel packages and soft-adventure travel packages. An opportunity for Romanian Experience's success exists because the travel industry is growing and the national tourism is very well promoted lately. Romanian Experience's mission is to provide customers with the highest quality outdoor adventure. The company is a travel agency that specializes in adventure tourism and travel. It will provide consulting and custom travel arrangements and packages. It is very important for the company to become the foremost provider of adventure travel to the people Romania. Romanian Experience's employees are outdoor adventure and travel enthusiasts as well as seasoned travel industry professionals. The company seeks to connect adventure travel newcomers and veterans with service providers, adventure activities, and accommodations that fit the client's desires, budget, and skill level. They exist to attract and maintain customers. Romanian Experience will be a partnership in the town of Brasov, Romania and the company will have the headqurter in a rented office from a central building in Brasov. Romanian Experience start-up costs will include all the equipment needed for an office. The office equipment will consist...
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...surgery, temporomandibular joint, uvulopalatostomy, and cosmetic procedures. Clinical lasers are of two types; soft lasers are essentially an aid to healing with relatively few rigorous studies available to support their use. Surgical hard lasers, however, can cut both hard and soft tissues and replace the scalpel and drill in many areas. From initial experiments with the ruby laser most clinicians are using argon, CO2 and now Nd:YAG systems. Both the CO2 and Nd:YAG lasers can be used for intraoral soft tissue surgeries. The advantages of lasers include a relatively bloodless surgical and postsurgical course, minimal swelling and scarring, coagulation, vaporization, and cutting, minimal or no suturing, reduction in surgical time, and, in a majority of cases, much less or no postsurgical pain. CO2 LASER Since its development in the early 1960s, the CO2 laser has been rapidly introduced into medical research and almost every dental and medical surgical specialty. In dental surgery it is mainly used for oral soft tissue applications. High-power lasers are one of the greatest technologies advances in dentistry field. In 1989 the first laser specifically designed for use in dentistry, a carbon dioxide (CO2) laser was introduced. The CO2 laser emits energy with a 10.6μm wavelength in the infrared zone that is absorbed by water. The high water content of the oral soft tissues makes the CO2 laser an improved alternative to the scalpel due to the advantages of relatively bloodless...
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...The hazardous nature of soft power suggests that it may take several attempts for that ritual ceremony to produce outcomes: if more and more people attend the ceremony because they are convinced that it works, then they are genuinely attracted to it, which allows soft power to affect the audience. Soft power takes thus longer time to show results than hard power. Furthermore, preferences may change. This year’s new trend might be short skirts, but next year’s might be long skirts, and the next only pants. As a result, more women may wear short skirts the first year, then long skirts, then pants. It would be then difficult to observe whether women actually are attracted to short skirts or not. Similarly, since soft power is based on preferences, policy makers must be aware of what seduces people. Attraction is the main characteristic of soft power. Either through culture, values or polices –or all –, soft...
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