...Blood Disorders May 1, 2011 HCA/240 Bethany Dowse There are many types of blood disorders. Some are caused by genetics, others are caused by the person who has the disorder, and others can be caused by environmental factors. The blood disorders that are genetic people have no control over. Most of the blood disorders that we can cause ourselves are caused by how we eat, and this we can control. This is why it is important to know about blood disorders, what kind is being experienced, and how to prevent the blood disorders that we can control. Amy, a four-year-old Caucasian female, has been pale and is complaining of fatigue all the time. She is also a picky eater. Her mother is a single-mother that has a small budget to feed a large family and Amy will only eat pasta, bread, hot dogs, and artificial fruit punch to drink (Course Syllabus HCA/240, 2011). Amy has had a physical by her physician and appears to be well, but her mother still wants to have blood work done and the doctor suspects iron-deficiency anemia. Iron is used in the body to produce hemoglobin (transports oxygen throughout the body) and without enough iron the body cannot produce sufficient amounts of hemoglobin in red blood cells (WebMD, 2010). To test for iron-deficiency anemia a blood sample is taken and sent to a laboratory to be examined; other specific tests that may be done to check iron levels in the body include a hematocrit, serum ferritin, serum iron, and total iron binding capacity (TIBC) (HealthCentral...
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...Cardiovascular Disease Tiffany Lyons HCA/240 - HEALTH & DISEASES: UNDERSTANDING PATHOS OF PATHOLOGY September 19, 2011 Instructor: DEBRA SALYERS Cardiovascular Disease Cardiovascular disease is an abnormal function of the heart or blood vessels. This disease can cause a heart attack, heart failure, sudden death, stroke and cardiac rhythm problems, thus resulting in decreased quality of life and decreased life expectancy. In America many people suffer from heart disease some knowingly and some are unaware. This disease is a sudden death disease which means a person can die unexpectedly from cardiovascular disease. Causes of cardiovascular disease are: * Structural defects, to * Infection * Inflammation, * Environment and genetics * Smoking * Fatty Foods * Stress * Obesity * High Cholesterol * High Blood Pressure * Diabetes Any one of put a person at risk for cardiovascular disease it is up to the individual to take control of his/her heart. One can prevent cardiovascular disease if it is not contributed from a structural defect, infection, or genetics. I have learned that we are our bodies own enemy and we have control over what we do to keep our body healthy. We as people know and understand that smoking is bad for our health not only do it contribute to heart disease but smoking also contribute to many other diseases such as cancer. We tend to stress over things that is out of our control it is important to take...
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...Infectious Disease HCA/240 March 4, 2012 Infectious Disease The purpose of this paper is to explain the inflammatory response to HIV and AIDS, describe the disease, how it is transmitted, and the environment factors that may make someone vulnerable to it. Additionally, this paper will identify standards and alternative treatments to HIV and AIDS, the methods used to control the spread of the disease and the consequences of not controlling it. Finally, this paper will include community health promotion and wellness strategies to help prevent the disease. AIDS was first noted in the early 1980s among men with multiple sexual contact with other men and drug users who shared hypodermic needles (Zelman, Raymond, Holdaway, & Mulvilhil. 2010). Since first note in the early 1980s HIV and AIDS have not been exclusive to men but have infected women as well. AIDS is now known as one of the top causes of death in women. HIV is the fourth leading cause of death among women today. HIV is growing among minorities and is the largest in African-American males, with a rate of 6% rate of an African-American male having the disease, and it is also higher with Hispanics more than Caucasians (Zelman, Raymond, Holdaway, & Mulvilhil. 2010). Subsequently, HIV and AIDS is not the same thing. According to the Center for Disease Control (CDC) AIDS is the full blown disease, while HIV is the virus that causes AIDS. First, Human immunodeficiency virus or HIV is the virus that...
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...Tuberculosis Kyndall Scribner HCA/240 6/24/2012 Deborah Branham Tuberculosis, also known as TB, is a bacterial infection and is often found in the lungs. It can spread through the lymph nodes and bloodstream to any organ in one’s body. Many diseases like Tuberculosis are caused by various strains of mycobacteria; which in this case would be Mycobacterium Tuberculosis. Normally, this bacterium stays latent or inactive, but only a handful of people will ever have the active disease. Most people latent TB infection; which the person will show no signs of infection and they will not be able to spread the disease, unless it becomes active. The bacterium that causes Tuberculosis is spread from person to person by sneezing and coughing; which is released into the air. If someone has an active case of Tuberculosis then they can spread it from person to person. However, Tuberculosis is not “easy” to catch. One is more likely to catch Tuberculosis from a close friend or family or even a co-worker. We are starting to see more cases of Tuberculosis today though. We are seeing this due to the spread of HIV/AIDS. If a person has both HIV they are more likely to get Tuberculosis and it progress from latent to an active disease. Tuberculosis and HIV are very harsh on the body; which they each drive the progress of the other. Also, another reason we still see Tuberculosis is due to the drug resistant strains of the bacterium. This disease has developed the ability to survive an attack...
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...Cardiovascular Disease Information Marissa Leigh Estes HCA 240 Friday, May 18, 2012 Lisa Stewart Cardiovascular Disease Information The most common cause of Cardiovascular Disease is called Atherosclerosis or “hardening of the arteries”. Atherosclerosis occurs when plaque builds up in your arteries and slows or stops the flow of blood to your heart. Atherosclerosis is most often caused by unhealthy eating habits, poor or no exercise, being overweight and smoking. Some other causes of heart disease are high blood pressure, congenital heart defects, excessive alcohol consumption, drug abuse and even stress. There is a laundry list of symptoms associated with Cardiovascular Disease. Chest pain (angina), shortness of breath, dizziness, syncope, and fatigue are symptoms that almost every type of cardiovascular disease has in in common. Symptoms like swelling of the extremeties or abdomen, fast heart rate (tachycardia), slow heart rate (bradycardia), fever, dry cough, skin rashes, breathlessness and/or cyanosis can also be indicators of different types of heart disease such as heart defects, cardiomyopathy, heart infections, congestive heart failure (CHF), stroke, heart attack, arrhythmias and heart valve problems. While every patient is different, there are certain treatments or preventative measures that are prescribed for people with cardiovascular disease. Lifestyle changes like starting an exercise regimen, diet changes, and quitting smoking or drinking are the most common...
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...Infectious Disease Hepatitus B Patricia Ousley HCA/240 12/9/12 Lucretia Wright Abstract The infectious disease I chose to write my paper on is Hepatitis B. This infectious disease is irritation and swelling of the liver. This can cause the liver to not function properly. When the liver cannot remove harmful toxins from the blood, fight infection, also help digest food, store important nutrients and vitamins a person is not capable of living without a liver. Hepatitis B What causes Hepatitis B and who may be at risk? Hepatitis B virus are germs that can cause a person to become sick and anyone can get Hepatitis B, however some people are at higher risk. Hepatitis B virus can be spread or infect a person if come into contact with another person’s blood, semen, or other body fluids. (1) Having sex with someone who is infected with the hepatitis virus. One way of becoming infected is through tattoos or piercings; this may happen if you go to someone who does not sterilize their tools after using it on an infected person. One of the environmental factors that may make someone vulnerable to contracting Hepatitis B virus is new born, if a mother is infected with the virus she can pass the virus to her child during childbirth. (2) Some of the risk factors of having Hepatitis b virus infection being infected with HIV virus. How the body responds to the infection will determine how much damage the Hepatitis B has done to body, the...
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...Blood Disorders XXXXXXXXX HCA/240 XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXX Blood Disorders “Blood is the red fluid that circulates in our blood vessels, i.e. veins and arteries. The main function of blood is to act as the body’s transport system, but it also it has a major role in the body’s defense against infection.” (americasblood.org). A person’s health can be affected when there is something wrong with their blood. As with any disease, it is very important to about common blood disorders that could have an effect on the body, how to prevent them or what treatment if any is needed. Components of Blood The three components of blood; plasma, red blood cells, and platelets each have their own function in blood. Plasma is a component of blood that carries the red blood cells, platelets and white blood cells throughout the body. As the largest component, it makes up over 55 percent of its overall content while transporting nutrients, hormones, and proteins to parts of the body that is in need of it. Another component of blood that has blood cells which contains hemoglobin that permits oxygen and carbon dioxide to be transported is known as red blood cells. The hemoglobin that is found in red blood cells is a pigment which gives the cells their red color. The smallest of our blood cells are platelets which can only be seen through a microscope. These cells circulate within the blood and bind together when a blood vessel is damaged, causing the...
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...Within red cells are hemoglobin nutrients which bind to iron and protein. Erythrocytes or red blood cells are suspended in plasma. The liver and spleen remove old, red blood cells which only live for approximately 120 days. Without iron in our red blood cells, iron deficient anemia can develop. Another anemia, sickle cell anemia is acquired genetically and is a severe form of anemia. Many disorders can be attributed to problems within our blood system. These problems can stem from inadequate blood clotting or non-stop bleeding. If you have an injury, our body will begin the blood clotting process. Platelets are responsible for blood clotting. They are produced in our bone marrow and mobilize clotting factors which release during a disease or injury. Vitamin K is necessary for these clotting factors. In order for bleeding to stop, platelets, thrombin, prothrombin, calcium and vitamin K are needed. The first child, Lily, has iron deficiency anemia. Normally, iron is absorbed in the body through the food we eat. It is then released into our blood stream and stored in the liver. This disorder affects those who have a diet low in iron. According to "American Society Of Hematology" ((2014)), Even if the cause of the iron deficiency can be identified and treated, it is still usually necessary to take medicinal iron (more iron than a multivitamin can provide) until the deficiency is corrected and the body's iron stores are replenished. In some cases, if the cause cannot be...
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...Alzheimer’s disease HCA/240 Veronica Brinson Mary Lou. Jenkins August 25, 2013 Alzheimer’s disease is a chronic progressive deterioration of the brain leading to dementia, incapacitation, and death. Dementia is a condition marked by memory loss plus a minimum of one other cognitive impairment. Alzheimer’s disease has been referred to as both the plaque of the ages and the plague of the aged. Alzheimer’s disease was so poorly understood that people who suffered this dementia were label as tormented, affected, pixilated, weird, afflicted, senile, mad, crazy, and spellbound. People with Alzheimer disease were feared, avoided, ignored, and ridiculed. Years and years went by peoples suffered terrible inhuman treatment when their families hid them away from other family members, the public, restrained them at home, locked them up in rooms, and committed them to insane asylums. There are many symptoms follow a set course of decline. There are a wide spectrum of demented actions every person will exhibit every symptom is a downhill regression follow a general pattern of mental regression and physical decline. People with the Alzheimer’s disease the earlier symptoms are recognized the greater chances are to slow and prevent the progression of dementia. Symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease are short-term memory loss, confusion, disorientation, wandering, mood swing, sundowner’s syndrome, eating habits and weight loss(changes) personal care, depression, agitation...
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...Lifestyle or Medication? Shaundra Bentley HCA/240 10/25/2015 Melody Lehosit Describe the lifestyle changes individuals can implement to prevent or control the disease. Gastritis is the inflammation of the lining of the stomach. The inflammation of gastritis is most of the time a result of an infection. The cause can be from too much alcohol, tobacco, coffee and more. Some lifestyle changes can be implemented to heal avoid gastritis are; try to eat smaller meals at more frequent times throughout the day, instead of three big meals, try to avoid spicy, acidic, fried, or fatty foods that could irritate the stomach. Also avoid excessive alcohol, tobacco, coffee etc. Managing stress can make gastritis worse, so try to learn to control stress or learn stress relief techniques, to help keep gastritis calm. (Mayo Clinic). Explain the factors that might make the lifestyle changes difficult to accomplish. The factors I see that make these excessive habits hard to quit, in order to make gastritis go away, is ignoring what is going on in the stomach, but once it is acknowledged not changing the bad habits, whether you are a smoker, like to drink several times out of the day or week, take too many pain killers, or have a problem with over eating. Many people have habits they difficult to change, they may never be able to stop and continue forming a deeper habit, and cause the gastritis to become worse to the point of surgery. Propose strategies...
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...Blood Disorders By Robert Fields HCA/240 Lily, a 4-year-old Caucasian female, has she been complaining of being tired all the time. She is pale and is a picky eater. Her mother is a single mom with a small budget to feed a large family. Lily eats only pasta, breads, and hot dogs, and she drinks only artificial fruit punch. Lily has iron deficiency anemia. In Lily’s case I believe that she has anemia. This is a condition that can develop if and when your body fails to receive healthy red blood cells. The red blood cells are the main transporters for which the organs get oxygen, red blood cells will also be deficient in hemoglobin without this transporter too. This can cause Lily’s body not to get enough oxygen. Some symptoms of anemia can be fatigue, this happens from lack of oxygen to the body and organs. Anemia’s most common for is iron deficiency because iron is necessary in the making of hemoglobin which puts children at risk. Most children need to absorb at least 1mg of iron per day for normal body growth, 10 percent of the iron the children receive comes from what they consume. Lily may require a bit more per day. Lily will need treatment including a change in diet and or medication. The goal is to treat what caused the anemia and to bring the red blood cells back to normal. Davon is a 5-year-old African American male who has just moved to Chicago, and he is visiting his new pediatrician for a kindergarten physical. His mother tells the nurse that she carries...
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...HIV/AIDS: | A Global Epidemic | | [Type the author name] | HCA 240 HEALTH AND DISEASES | | HIV/AIDS: A Global Epidemic Human Immunodeficiency Virus also known as HIV is the virus that causes AIDS. HIV is a disease that attacks the immune system specifically targeting CD4 cells or T cells. HIV makes you more susceptible to certain types of cancers and infections that our bodies would normally resist such as pneumonia and meningitis (The Mayo Clinic, 2010). Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome is a global epidemic. There is an estimated 39.5 million people living with the virus today (The Mayo Clinic, 2010). Approximately 2.0 million people died from aid in 2008 (WHO, 2010). AIDS is developed in the final stage of the HIV infection. A person can live symptom free with the HIV infection for an extended period of time. Years may go by before the virus is even detected. To move from an HIV-positive diagnosis to an AIDS diagnosis, one must have one of 23 indicator diseases and have a T4 (or CD4) cell count of less than 200 (Mulvihill, Zelman, Holdaway, Tompary, Raymond, 2006). A normal count ranges from 800 to 1,200 (The Mayo Clinic, 2008) HIV is a very delicate virus. This virus will not last long outside the body. Because of this fact, the HIV infection cannot be transmitted through daily activities like greeting by shaking hands, hugging an infected person, or even through kissing. This disease is transmitted via contaminated body fluids including blood, semen...
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...Hepatitis Cancer Patient Information Glenda Aldape HCA/240 December 6, 2012 Pukar Ratti Hepatitis B is the most common liver infection in the world. Worldwide, about 350 million people are chronic carriers of HBV (Hepatitis B Virus), among these carriers, more than 620,000 die from liver-related diseases each year. In the United States, hepatitis B mainly affects adults aged between 20-50 years. About 800,000 to 1.4 million Americans are chronic hepatitis B virus carriers, and the disease causes about 3,000 deaths each year. The good news is that infection with HBV is usually preventable because there is an effective vaccine. Use of the vaccine has resulted in an 82% decrease in the number of new infections reported in the United States each year. (www.emedicinehealth.com/hepatitis/article_em.htm) Figure 1: Estimated and reported cases of hepatitis B in the United States. Rates have fallen significantly since 1991 when routine vaccination of children was started. (www.emedicinehealth.com/hepatitis/article_em.htm) Hepatitis B is an infectious hepatitis caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV). This infection has two possible phases; 1) acute, 2) chronic. Acute hepatitis B refers to newly acquired infections. Affected individuals notice symptoms approximately 1 to 4 months after exposure to the virus. In most people with acute hepatitis, symptoms resolve over weeks to months and they are cured of the infection. However, a small number of people develop a very severe, life-threatening...
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...Infectious Diseases Sharelle Taylor HCA 240 Inflammation occurs when there is sickness or some type of injury to the body. Injured cells release a certain chemical that lets the immune system know that there is something wrong. They attract healing cells which are sent out to work on damaged tissue. HIV/AIDS is transmitted through many bodily fluids. These fluids are Blood, Semen, Pre-seminal fluid, Breast milk, vaginal fluids, Rectal mucous. Other body fluids and waste products...
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...Infectious Disease HIV/AIDS Julie Maple HCA/240 October 7, 2012 Elizabeth Day Infectious Disease HIV/AIDS The Human Immunodeficiency Virus was discovered in 1985. HIV is a virus that is transmitted from one person to another by many different ways. For example, HIV can be transmitted by bodily fluids. It could be fluids like blood or semen that transmits the virus, because they came from the infected person into the other person. HIV/AIDS is commonly spread by sexual intercourse. I have also seen people get HIV/AIDS by sharing needles when using them for street drugs. HIV/AIDS reproduces, and as it reproduces, it tears down the body’s immune system, thus leaving the body susceptible to other illnesses and infections. The only environmental factors that could make a person vulnerable to HIV/AIDS would be the lack of recreational activities in the environment. There are also places in our neighborhoods that allow people to use drugs and engage in sexual activity. In my hometown there was this place at the community park called the rock. It was this huge rock that all the “cool” kids went to so they wouldn’t get caught doing their drugs or having sex. With HIV/AIDS there are two inflammatory responses. According to Brown (1995), “the production by B cells of antibodies which circulate all around the body in the bloodstream, and eventually bind to the agent. There are mechanics available which are very good at destroying anything which has antibody bound to...
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