Pharmacodynamic the action and effects of drugs on the tissues of the body The copyrighted name that is given to the drug by its manufacturer is the? brand name, trade , or proprietary name and is accompanied by a symbol(an R with a circle around it, meaning "registered," or TM, meaning " trademark") next to it. The Physician's Desk Reference (PDR) Is an annual commercial listing of phermaceuticals in the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is charged with the responsibility of enforcing safety standards in the manufacture of drugs, foods, and cosmetics. Drugs that are considered to be teratogenic Are capable of causing birth defects Schedule II & III are dispensed By perscription only Schedule III Prescription maybe phoned in to pharmacy Schedule 5 buyer must be what age to purchase 18 show id and sign for medications antagonism when two drugs have their effects weakened by being given together the effect is against helping in the fight against disease synergism a condition of working together polypharmacy an individual will take medications that are not known to his or her doctor excreted removed from the body A DAME Absorption , Distribution , Action , Metabolism , Excretion The word treat can be broken into 5 different areas curative ( killing fungal infection),diagnostic(ingesting a substance to be used for imaging purposes), Prophylactic (preventive as in vaccine) , replacement (hormone replacement), or therapeutic (to restore the body to its presymptom state, such as lowering a fever). Indications Reasons for treatment contraindications are reasons against the use of a drug for treatment Parenteral by way of injection Inhaled through the lungs Percutaneous through the skin Sublingual Pertaining to under the tongue Superscription contains the Rx, meaning" to take" Inscription physician has written names & amounts of ingredients Signature or signa (sig) how medication should be taken & for how long Subscription gives directions for the number of doses,the quantity, & form of the drug nonproprietary The generic name of a drug is its official name& indicates its chemical structure or makeup Pediatric patients require smaller dose based on their reduced kidney function, metabolism & gastrointestinal (GI) motility Geriatric patients also have a decrease in kidney, GI, & metabolic functions, Also may have disease process that could interfere with the absorption rate of medications Factors affecting amount of drug prescribed & effectiveness weight&height, electrolyte balance, Disease processes, & tolerance Toxic dose Amount of a medication that brings about signs & symptoms of toxicity or harmful side effects Schedule I drugs have no accepted medical use DEA number must be written on any prescription for controlled substances Controlled substances include Marijuana ,Valium, Cocaine Controlled drugs must be kept where Inside a locked cabinet, separate from other drugs (e.g., samples). Name 4 important drug references USP/NF , Drug Facts & Comparisons (both often used by registered pharmacists), package inserts , & the Physician's Desk Reference Product Category Index (blue pages). This index lists categories with examples of product name Product Identification Guide (gray pages) Provides photos of various drug forms & products. The photos are arranged alphabetically by manufacturer. "Seven Rights" of Drug Administration Right Patient, Right Drug , Right Dose , Right Route , Right Time , Right Technique , Right Documentation Documentation when Charting Medications 1. date 2. time 3. Name of medication 4. dose administered 5.Injection site used, if applicable 6. Patient reaction, if any ( record waiting time) 7. Patient education provided 8. Proper signature & credential 9. Expiration date, manufacturer, & lot number of drug, when applicable Syrups are solutions of sugar & water containing dissolved drugs( e.g., cough syrups). Tinctures Are medications mixed with an alcohol base Entric-coated tablets Have a special coating that allows them to pass through the stomach & dissolve in the small intestine Sublingual tablets Are made to dissolve when placed under the tongue a.c. before meals b.i.d. twice a day DAW dispense as written ID intradermal IM intramuscular kg kilogram p.c. after meals po by mouth prn when necessary q every q2h every 2 hours q.i.d. four times a day qns quantity not sufficient SubQ subcutaneously SL sublingual stat immediately syr syrup t.i.d. three times a day x times