...there was not just one technique that would solve every problem. For example, the theory that may work for one client with a certain situation may not help a different client with a similar situation. This made it difficult for me to choose, because I wanted to be able to use the model of helping that would be the best one for the client. While I was taking this course, I noticed that I already use Behavior Therapy on a daily basis. I prefer to use the Behavior Therapy. Behavior Therapy is changing the client’s undesired behavior with a more desirable behavior. According to Herkov (n.d.), “Behavior therapy is focused on helping an individual understand how changing their behavior can lead to changes in how they are feeling.” (para. 1). Indeed, I prefer to use the Behavior Therapy Model, because I have been already using some of major methods and techniques within the Behavior Therapy model. These major techniques, that I have been using prior to taking this course, include: positive reinforcement, token economies, and modeling. These are a few of the major techniques of Behavior Therapy that I have been using prior to taking this class. My personal view of helping is that there are different techniques for different types of people, and different types of issues. I believe that there is no one fits all type of theory. This is because there is not just one solution for the many types of issues that people...
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...INTERPERSONAL BEHAVIOR* * Condensed and adapted from W. C. Schutz: “Interpersonal Underworld”, Harvard Business Review, July-August, 1958. In order to deal with interpersonal behavior it is necessary to have an understanding of the general principles of interpersonal behavior, since formulas for handling specific situations are of limited value at best. The following theory is by no means the only one extent in psychological literature, but it is offered as a possible framework for understanding interpersonal problems. INTERPERSONAL NEEDS The basis for evolving this theory of interpersonal behavior is the individual’s fundamental interpersonal relations orientation or, to abbreviate, FIRO. The basic assumption of this approach is that people need people. Every human being, because he lives in a society, must establish an equilibrium between himself and his human environment just as he must establish an equilibrium between himself and the physical world. This social nature of man gives rise to certain interpersonal needs, which he must satisfy to some degree while avoiding threat to himself. Although each individual has different intensities of needs and different mechanisms for handling them, people have the same basic needs. People have three basic interpersonal needs in common: The Need for Inclusion This is the need to maintain a satisfactory relation between the self and other people with respect to interaction or belonging-ness. Some people like to be...
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...Watkins, M.D. (2012). How managers become leaders. Harvard Business Review, 90, 65-72. Yukl, G. (2012). Effective leadership behavior: What we know and what questions need more attention. Academy of Management Perspectives, 26, 66-85. One definition of management is: “Getting things done through other people.” Yukl, in contrast, states “the essence of leadership in organizations is influencing and facilitating efforts to accomplish shared objectives’ (p. 66). 1. Yukl presents a table on p. 68 that lists 15 leadership behaviors. a. Which of these behaviors are more commonly exhibited by both managers and leaders? (1 point) Answer: If I accept the above definition that management is “getting things done through other people”, and that Yukl considers leaders to influence and facilitate efforts to accomplish shared objectives, then I have determined that there are seven of Yukl’s behaviors that are commonly exhibited by both managers and leaders. These include: planning, clarifying, monitoring, problem solving, recognizing, empowering, and networking. Yukl’s task-oriented behaviors, described as leadership behaviors, can also be relevant for managers who “get things done through other people”. On page 69, Yukl describes that task-oriented behaviors “ensure that people, equipment, and other resources are used in an efficient way to accomplish the mission of a group or organization.” These are specific, measurable concepts that a manager can delegate to “get things...
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...Organizational Behavior Final Assignment By: Colette Gillespie Class: Organizational Management Teacher: Prof. Missy Santman What is Organizational Behavior Practice (Question 1) Organizational Behavior Practice is a field of study that investigates the impact of individuals, groups and structures upon behavior within an organization. Organizational Behavior Practices focus on many different areas like for work behavior (Group Behavior, Individual Behavior, and Collective behavior). Organization Behavior Practice is an interdisciplinary field that includes sociology, psychology, communication, and management. Organization Behavior Practice is designed to help manager better understand work out come (job satisfaction, learning, and commitment). Organizational Behavior Practice helps a manager better understand work behavior, perceptions, personalities, motivation, and attuide. When Organization behavior Practice is used it will give the manager a better understanding on a lot of different area when it comes to work behavior, and why an employee might be acting a certain way. Where I have seen Organizational Behavior Practice used (Question 1) I have seen Organizational Behavior Practice used before when I worked for Production Line. There was a problem going on with the employee performance and everyone was starting to get very negative, which was affecting the work they were doing. Our totals were going down along with the speed of quality...
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...Psychology and Health Problems Psy210 12/12/2010 Psychology and Health Problems Summarizing the multifactorial model between health and illness, physicians and psychologist have determined a correlation between life experiences, history of family’s disease, and a person’s abilities to handle situations that directly affect their health in a negative or positive outcome. Cultural diversity plays a role in whether a person is able to receive better health care in relation to social economic factors than the country in which they live. Even though the United States and Canada have the advance health care than other European countries there is still the factor of lack of insurance and lower status of social economics that many lack the source of good health care (Nevid & Rathus, 2005). Psychological, environmental, biological and sociocultural factors affect a person’s health whether female or male. Two health problems that are first discussed in the text are premenstrual syndrome and headaches. Headaches are accountable in 20% of people who suffer from the two most common severe types of migraine and muscle tension headaches. GAS or general adaptation syndrome in the first two stages forces the muscles to contract in the forehead, shoulders, neck and persistent stress can lead to the constant constriction of those muscles. Tension headaches are described as a feeling of a viselike pressure throughout the head. Another major headache known as migraines is seen in about...
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...and Health Problems Psychology and Health Problems Summarizing the multifactorial model between health and illness, physicians and psychologist have determined a correlation between life experiences, history of family’s disease, and a person’s abilities to handle situations that directly affect their health in a negative or positive outcome. Cultural diversity plays a role in whether a person is able to receive better health care in relation to social economic factors than the country in which they live. Even though the United States and Canada have the advance health care than other European countries there is still the factor of lack of insurance and lower status of social economics that many lack the source of good health care (Nevid & Rathus, 2005). Psychological, environmental, biological and sociocultural factors affect a person’s health whether female or male. Two health problems that are first discussed in the text are premenstrual syndrome and headaches. Headaches are accountable in 20% of people who suffer from the two most common severe types of migraine and muscle tension headaches. GAS or general adaptation syndrome in the first two stages forces the muscles to contract in the forehead, shoulders, neck and persistent stress can lead to the constant constriction of those muscles. Tension headaches are described as a feeling of a viselike pressure throughout the head. Another major headache known as migraines is seen in about 28 million people and stress...
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... Organizational Psychology The behavior that people experience in a workplace can be studied in organizational psychology. Organizational psychology is a sub-category to organizational/industrial psychology better known as I/O psychology. The I/O psychology is divided into two different groups. Each subject focuses on an essential part of the organization. There are two related discipline in organizational psychology, which are organizational behavior and Industrial psychology. Although both are similar to organizational psychology, each side has its differences. Research statistics are an essential part to an organizing development and problem solving. Organizational Psychology The study of organizational psychology understands the dynamics of people in a workplace. Organizational psychology uses scientific methods to understand the conduct of people who work in an organization setting (Jex & Britt, 2008). Rules, structure, and guideline aids employee to work as a group instead of working as individual towards a common goal. The purpose of organizational psychology is to help better employee’s performances, better fairness, and better the relationship between employees. The core of an organization is patterned human conduct (Katz & Kahn, 1978). The rules, structure, and guideline aids the employees to perform the task at hand and can also have a psychological effect. Organizational psychology also studies the behavior of people. Organizational psychology is its own...
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...from the two Greek words: Psyche-mind, Logos-study. It suggests that psychology is simply 'study of the mind'. Psychology is: • a scientific discipline that seeks to understand human behavior • the science of behavior and mental activity • also a profession aimed at improving the quality of life Its goals include to Describe, to Explain, to Predict, and to Control the occurrences that are its subject matters. It is usually grouped with; Natural sciences (biology), Sociology, Philosophy, Linguistics, Economics, and with Political science. Psychology can be both basic and applied science. The basic research seeks to understand the rules of behavior. The applied research tries to solve concrete problems; therefore it is more practical than the basic. It seeks to develop appropriate applications of the result of the basic research. Within psychology there is a concern in connection to the problem of the extent to which particular aspects of behavior are a product of either inherited (i.e. genetic) or acquired (i.e. learned) characteristics. Nature is that which is inherited / genetic. This is the attributes that we are born with. Nurture refers to all environmental influences after conception, i.e. experience. Questions of psychology: 1) Free will or determinism? -are you free to choose your own behavior or is it somehow determined by natural laws? 2) Are humans merely animals?-if so, how do they differ? If not, what are they? 3) The nature/nurture problem 4) The...
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...schedule. To some, this challenge seems overwhelming. It is similar to asking one to invent a useful object by noon on Friday of every week. Fortunately, everyone possesses some degree of creative ability. Normally an individual's creative potential is much more than he assumes. As a result, innate creative ability can be developed and improved through training and practice. While there is no precise scientific way of measuring creative action, creative behavior and potential can be subjectively evaluated. One can evaluate himself by reviewing the indicators of creative behavior shown in Figure 19. Part 5.2 Problem solving methods There are two approaches to problem solving: the analytical and the creative. a. Analytical approach. The strictly analytical approach is substantially singular in purpose. The problem is stated exact. A direct approach to the solution is taken, proceeding through a step-by-step progression of experiments, evaluations and mathematical manipulations to arrive at a single answer. An analytical problem is one that frequently has only one solution that will work. For example, excessive sweating had been observed on the interior of windows and window frames in a large...
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...Psychology 570 July 18, 2011 John Moore What is Organizational Psychology People are working every day to understand the behavior of individuals working together in an organizational setting. They use different techniques to apply with their help to understand the behavior of individuals in an organizational setting. One technique is using the application of organizational psychology. Companies hire organizational psychologist to assist them in the process of understanding. Organizational psychologist offer people unbiased fresh ideas in the area of workplace issues. Throughout this paper, the definition of organizational will be and the evolution of organizational psychology will be examined. This paper will compare and contrast organizational psychology with two related disciplines and the role of research and statistics of organizational will be examined. ORGANIZATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY Organizational psychology applies psychological principles to study the human behavior in the workplace. These principles are vital to understanding and acquiring the tool to be successful in explaining the human behavior in organizational setting. Organizational psychology is pertinent to numerous work places, and it uses techniques to increase productivity in the workplace. According to Jex and Britt (2008), organizational psychology is the scientific study of individual and group behavior in an organizational. This field helps explain the work relationship between employees...
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...of consumer behavior. 2. What are demographics? Give three examples of demographic characteristics. 3. What is the difference between a culture and a subculture? 4. Define market segmentation. 5. What is role theory, and how does it help us to understand consumer behavior? 6. What do we mean by an exchange? 7. Why is it important for businesses to learn about their heavy users? 8. What is database marketing? Give an example of a company that uses this technique. 9. What is popular culture, and how does this concept relate to marketing and consumer behavior? 10. The chapter states that “people often buy products not for what they do, but for what they mean.” Explain the meaning of this statement and provide an example. 11. Describe two types of relationships a consumer can have with a product. 12. What is meant by the term “global consumer culture”? 13. What is the difference between B2B and B2C e-commerce? 14. The economics of information perspective argues that advertising is important. Why? 15. Provide two examples of important legislation that relates to American consumers. 16. Define social marketing and give an example of this technique. 17. Define consumer addiction and give two examples. 18. What is an example of a consumed consumer? 19. What is shrinkage, and why is it a problem? 20. Define anticonsumption, and provide two examples of it. 21. Name two different disciplines...
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...business efficiency. Department of Finance Page 2 Table of Content 7 Abstract Chapter 01: Context and Rationale Preludes: the General Scenario Rationale of the Study Objectives Methodology: Primary & Secondary Sources Limitation Chapter 02: Framework of Case Study Chapter: Foundations of Group Behavior Case Incident 1 Case Incident 2 Chapter: Understanding Work Teams Case Incident 1 Case Incident 2 Chapter 03: Conclusion & Recommendations Conclusion Findings References Department of Finance 8 8 9 9-10 10 11-14 15-17 17-19 20-21 22-24 25-28 29 30 30 Page 3 Abstract Organizational Behavior (OB) is the study and application of knowledge about how people, individuals, and groups act in organizations. It does this by taking a system approach. That is, it interprets people-organization relationships in terms of the whole person, whole group, whole organization, and whole social system. Its purpose is to build better relationships by achieving human objectives, organizational objectives, and social objectives. From the definition above, organizational behavior encompasses a wide range of topics, such as human behavior, change, leadership, teams, etc. Since many of these topics are covered elsewhere in the leadership guide this paper...
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...Assessment of the child: Functional Health Pattern Analysis Worksheet Cristian Zambrana Grand Canyon University: NRS-434V August 8, 2014 Children’s Functional Health Pattern Assessment Functional Health Pattern Assessment (FHP) | Toddler Erickson’s Developmental Stage: Autonomy vs. Shame/Doubt (Edelman & Mandle, 2010) | Preschool-Aged Erickson’s Developmental Stage: Initiative vs. Guilt (Edelman & Mandle, 2010) | School-Aged Erickson’s Developmental Stage: Industry vs. Inferiority. (Edelman & Mandle, 2010) | Pattern of Health Perception and Health Management: List two normal assessment findings that would be characteristic for each age group. List two potential problems that a nurse may discover in an assessment of each age group. | When a toddler feels bad they say they are sick. Health management is dependent on caregivers. Brushing teeth and washing hands are basic health promotional activities that a toddler can perform at direction of parent. | Preschoolers can verbalize pain. Preschoolers are curious about body their own bodies and its functions Preschoolers have an accurate perception of the external parts of their own bodies. Preschoolers view the internal part of body as hollow. | School-age children are aware of how their own body functions and when it is ailing School-aged children have an abstract understanding of the definition of health and factors causing illness and recognize...
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...Theory Critique Two Najah Dail-Harris Liberty University Theory Critique Two Jay E. Adams the author of How to Help People change (1986) created a four step biblical approach to guiding the Christian Counseling process. Adams (1986) centers his biblical approach around the concept of change and derives his theory from Timothy 3:14-17. He believes “all Christian counselors must follow these words if they would help people change in ways that please God” (p.10). Adams (1986) also derives his Christian based theory from the Word and scripture itself. To become an effective Christian counselor, Adams (1986) believes counseling must come from the wisdom of God and the Holy Spirit. If a counselor is to impose change on a counselee one must be aware of the “change that is satisfactory to God, not merely socially good” (Adams, 1986, p.7). Adams (1986) four step biblical process includes: teaching, conviction, correction and disciplined training in righteousness. To prove effective, the process also must be done in that exact order just as the disciple Paul set out. The first step teaching involves the act of teaching counselees biblical principles for living, god’s standards for avoiding sin and teaching within the milieu. The next step conviction, involves “bringing conviction to counselees itself as a part of the ministry of word” (Adams, 1986, p108). Adam believes it important to have the counselee understand the root of their problem; which is sin and change their relationship...
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...Journal Homepage: www.rtu.edu.ph MENTAL SET AND BEHAVIOR: The Inhibitory Effect of Mental Set Prince Asis Calica, Joanna Esquibel, Chrislene Jaleco, Mariz Porquillano, Angela Tubog Department of Psychology, Rizal technological University, Boni Avenue, Mandaluyong City, Philippines Keywords: ABSTRACT Mental Set Behavior It was hypothesized that mental set has an effect to the respondent’s behavior. There are two variables in the study, the mental set and behavior. Mental set is defined as the tendency to solve certain problems in a fixed way based on previous solutions to similar problems. Behavior is the response of an individual or group to an action, environment, person, or stimulus. The construct of a mental set in classroom management is quite similar to the construct of “mindfulness” in psychology. Langer explains that mindfulness involves a heightened sense of situational awareness and a conscious control over one's thoughts and behavior relative to that situation. http://www.ascd.org/publications/books/103027/chapters/Mental-Set.aspx Introduction Mental sets are subconscious tendencies to approach a problem in a particular way. It is a framework for thinking about a problem and can be shaped by habit, past experiences or by desire. Mental sets can make it easy to solve a class of problem, but attachment to the wrong mental set can inhibit problem-solving and creativity. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Set_(psychology) ...
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