...Heath disparities or health inequalities are defined by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention as “gaps in health outcomes or determinants between segments of the population”. The CDC has put together the CDC Health Disparities and Inequalities Report in 2013 to address the many issues concerning the health disparities of minority groups in the United States. One of the minority groups addressed in the report is the African American or black ethnic group that in 2013 comprised of 15% of the United States population. More African Americans rate health services in their community as fair to poor than whites (Becker and Newsom, 2003). Life expectancy has more than doubled for African Americans in the 20th century but they still face a higher burden of disability, disease and death than do whites (Becker and Newsom, 2003). By identifying and understanding the health disparities and being aware of the differences regarding health determinants and outcomes in the African American population the better able we are to do something to reduce these disparities (CDC Newsroom). The top three Health disparities among the African American population include heart disease as the number one cause of death, cancer, and stroke (CDC and Prevention). African Americans had the largest number of deaths from heart disease and stroke in the United States compared to other ethnic groups. They have the highest prevalence in untreated hypertension which leads to both heart disease and strokes...
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...Health Promotion Among Black or African American Population [Your Name] Grand Canyon University: Family-Centered Health Promotion(NRS-429V) January 10, 2016 Health Promotion Among Black or African American Population The Center for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC] (2015) notes that “Starting in 1997, the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) requires federal agencies to use a minimum of five race categories: White, Black or African American, American Indian or Alaska Native, Asian, and Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander.” Each minority group differs in health status and disparities and health promotion. In this paper the writer will focus on a specific minority group, the Black or African Americans, and will compare the minority group’s current health status to the national average. Further the author will discuss which health disparities exist in this particular minority group and what health promotion means to them and then will discuss an a approach using the three levels of health promotion prevention that is the most effective given the unique needs of the minority group with an explanation of why it might be the most effective approach. The Black or African Americans make up 15.2% of the total United States population and consists of people of African American, Sub-Saharan African or Afro-Caribbean decent. It is the second largest minority population. The current health status of this minority group is continuing to get...
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...Current Health Status In July 2013, 40.8 million (2013) people in the United States were African American (Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 2013). The Center for Disease and Prevention (CDC) reports that 14.6% of African-Americans are in fair or poor health, as compared with the national average. 48% of African Americans, suffer from a chronic illness that results in premature morbidity and mortality, as compared to 39% of the general population (Brandon & Proctor, 2010, p. 590). This population has a higher prevalence of cardiovascular diseases, cancer, hypertension, and diabetes. According to Health Statics of U.S. Adults, African Americans were more likely to have been diagnosed with diabetes compared to non-Hispanic white...
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...African American Health Care Analysis Cheryl Robinson Capella University CST5500 Multi-Cultural Issues in Health Care Crobinson82@capellauniversity.edu Dr. C Vaugh Abstract It is a cliché of health education that programs and interventions will be more effective when they are culturally appropriate for the populations they serve. In practice, however, the strategies used to achieve cultural appropriateness vary widely. This paper briefly describes African American history and how it relates to health care services. It explains the culture, value and belief of African American when it involves health promotion and disease prevention. Some major health concerns and barriers are noted within the black communities and population as well as way to promote health and disease prevention throughout the African American communities. History of African American population African Americans first arrived to the United States as a crew on a pirate ship in the year 1619. The American population saw these new immigrants as an opportunity and captured many of the six million African immigrants and sold them as slaves (Bennett, 1992 as cited in Edelman & Mandle, 2002). The African American community suffered through a history of slavery and discrimination which has led to their current health and wellness problems. Many of their current problems have been linked to the segregation and cruel treatment that they were subjected to in the past, but African Americans have...
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...Eubanks Cultural Diversity in Health and Illness Mansour Rostami, Instructor November 13, 2010 Minority Population | Health disparities | Native American Indian Native Alaskan | Health disparities are believed to be the result of the complex interaction among genetic variations, environmental factors, and specific health behaviors. Compared with other Americans, Indians experience disproportionately high mortality from alcoholism, tuberculosis, diabetes, injuries, suicide, and homicide. Tribal leaders report that diabetes, unintentional injuries, alcoholism, and substance abuse are rising to crisis proportions in American Indian and Alaska Native communities | Asian | Lack of access to regular care. Asians are least likely to report having a personal doctor compared to other racial and ethnic groups in the US. 19.4 % of Asian adults compared to 12.9% of whites report being without a usual source of health care. Cambodians and Vietnamese are three times more likely to forgo visiting a doctordue to cost compared to all Asians or US residents.• Less satisfaction with care. Compared to other racial and ethnic groups, Asians are least likely to be satisfied with the speed of their care, doctor-patient communication, and office staff.• Fewer preventive services. Asians are less likely to have blood pressure monitoring and pap smears. In fact,cervical cancer screening rates are significantly lower among Asian women in California compared...
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...Health Promotion among African Americans Diversity in the nursing profession with caring for patients and their cultures is a very demanding concept for nurses when it involves providing health promotion and sickness prevention based on knowledge. This can be a daily challenge that must be faced with expertise to care for the various style of cultures and beliefs within communities. This paper will focus on African Americans and how this diverse population is recognized in health care Health Status of African Americans The population of African Americans in the United States is approximately 40.8 million (http://www.cdc.gov/minorityhealth/index.html, 2015). African Americans leading reason of death is cardiac disease, cancer, and strokes. The largest death rate is from cardiac disease and stroke compared to other minorities and populations along with the largest percentage of high blood pressure among adults aged 65 and older is 40% of this group. Secondly, obesity among women of African American nature is 58% compared with Mexican American people and the white population. Ultimately, obesity with both male and female adults is common in this minority with 38% of African Americans being prone to this condition. Diabetes is twice as large among this minority then white adults. The HIV infection rate is highest for African Americans compared to other racial minorities. Blacks have the largest death...
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...Health Disparities in the African American Cultures Grand Canyon University February 14, 2016 Health Disparities in the African American Culture Health care disparities affect every group of ethnic minorities. These groups include African Americans, Hispanics/Latinos, Asian Americans, Pacific Islanders, Native Hawaiian, American Indian/Alaskan Natives or multiracial people. Racial and ethnic disparities are one of the many factors that produce inequalities in the health status of an individual in the United States. Whether it is caused by the quality of care, assess to care or insurance coverage. All cause problems for these cultures. In the 2000 census, 36.4 million persons, approximately 12.9% of the U.S. population, identified themselves as Black or African American; 35.4 million of these persons identified themselves as non-Hispanic (cdc, 2012). In 2007, the U.S. Census Bureau estimated that the United States had almost 38.8 million Black or African American (12.9% of the U.S. population); more than 45.5 million Hispanics or Latinos (15.1%); almost 13.4 million Asians (4.4%); more than 0.5 million Native Hawaiians or Other Pacific Islanders (NHOPIs) (0.2%) and more than 2.9 million American Indians and Alaskan Natives (AI/ANS) (1.0%) of whom 57% reside on federal trust lands (archive. ahrq,2014). African Americans by both censuses only make up 12.9% of the U.S. population but suffer ethnic and racial disparities at a high rate. This may be due to the lack of...
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...Health Promotion Among Diverse Population Grand Canyon University NRS-429V-0103 Rubynell Whaley Instructor: April Herrera January 25, 2015 Race has always been an issue for African Americans. The racial inequality among African Americans in America is not the same as that of different workers or exiles. As far as the broadened time of the establishment of subjection and the issue of skin shade as a representation for dehumanization of dark individuals. For four centuries (1619-2002) African Americans have battled through bitter times of subjugation, isolation, and separation (Bennett, 1993). Topics of race, prejudice, and racial separation are established in the consequence of servitude and endure throughout present American life. Calculated by a mixture of components such as education, income, and occupation, socioeconomic status; viewed as the social status of an individual or gathering of people. The effects it has on the African American population can range from poverty, poor health to low educational levels. Research has demonstrated that race and ethnicity regarding the stratification frequently focus an individual's financial situation (House & Williams, 2000). Besides, groups are regularly isolated by SES, race, and ethnicity. According to statistical data, socioeconomic factors have an impact on many ethnic and racial minorities. The data shows that: African American kids are three times more prone to live in poverty than Caucasian youngsters. American...
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...Health Promotion Among African Americans Family-Centered Health Promotion 02/22/2015 African Americans or Blacks have been a part of our countries history for very long time now. They have been, up until the recent years, treated unequally and discriminated. Unfortunately discrimination against African Americans and Blacks are still prevalent today. Their past in our country is not something we should ignore; rather use it as a tool of understanding the African American culture. Their perception of healthcare and their willingness to seek help could be linked to the fear of social discrimination and the possibility of being treated differently if the healthcare providers are predominately white. The health disparities among African Americans today is something that cannot be ignored and is something that healthcare professionals need to take seriously. This paper will talk about the health disparities among African Americans and how we can make change to this by approaching the problem with health promotion and prevention techniques. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2015, the population of African Americans is estimated to be a 45 million; which is 15.2 percent of the United States population. Around 14.7 percent of the African American populations are shown statistically to live in fair or poor health. This particular race is known to suffer from high incidences of Heart Disease, hypertension, diabetes, obesity, poverty and high crime...
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...“Racial and ethnic disparities in health care are known to reflect access to care and other issues that arise from differing socioeconomic conditions”.1 There is increasing evidence that even after such differences are accounted for, race and ethnicity remain predictors of the quality of health care received. Health disparities are preventable differences in the burden of disease, injury, violence, or opportunities to achieve optimal health that is experienced by socially disadvantaged populations. Factors such as race or ethnicity, gender, education, or income, disability, geographic location such as rural or urban, or sexual orientation can define populations. The goal of the research paper is to present the magnitude and importance of racial...
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...Running head: HEALTH PROMOTION AMONG DIVERSE POPULATIONS Health Promotion among Diverse Populations Beverly Lewis-English Grand Canyon University Family Centered Health Promotion NRS-429V-0501 October 11, 2015 Health Promotion among Diverse Populations “Two- thirds of all deaths in the Unites States are caused by five major chronic diseases; Cancer, Cardiovascular Disease, Chronic lower respatory disease, Diabetes and Stroke (Fierro, 2006, p. 1)”. While statistics may be useful, it may not reflect the true aspect as it relates to African American Health. Information obtained may be useful in providing measurable data on the disparities that exist among this minority group as it relates to health status and health promotion. Statistics related to death and disease, would provide a clearer understanding of the differences that exist between races and socioeconomically status. This will allow us to evaluate the causes behind the differences and changes that need to be made to improve the health status of African Americans. Unfortunately these differences do not only affect African American adults they also affect their very young offspring’s, newborns. “ In 1198 in the U.S. more than twice as many African American newborn babies died 13.9 of every 100,000 compared to 6 out of every 100,000 white newborns(, ¶ 3)”. This may make one wonder why the vast difference. Prenatal care is a very important aspect that impacts the lives and well-being of the unborn fetus. Obtaining...
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...death, which raises serious public concern. According to a new analysis by American Cancer Society researchers, breast cancer prevalence rates rose to some extent among African American women from 2006 to 2010, resulting to rates closer to the historically higher rates among white women. However, it is unclear as to why there has been such a high increase, thus researchers have placed a lot of effort to find out about this disparity (National Cancer Institute, 2005). The most alarming breast cancer health disparities is that African American have a lower likelihood of breast cancer incidence as compared to the native American counterparts, yet they have a greater death rate with breast cancer (National Cancer Institute, 2005). The most alarming report from the National breast cancer report; the breast cancer mortality rate for women aged between 45--64 years was 60% higher for African American women than white women (56.8 and 35.6 deaths per 100,000, respectively). The rising breast cancer disparities observed between African American women and white women sound the alarm. Even though the general life span risk of breast cancer is lower for African Americans unlike with white women, the mortality rates are much higher. African American women also have a lesser 5 year survival rate at 77%, contrast to the 90% for white women. Differing with the ongoing beliefs, younger African American women up to 44 years of age, have higher breast cancer prevalence than white...
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...approximately 36 percent of the population belongs to a racial or ethnic minority group. Though health indicators such as life expectancy and infant mortality have improved for most Americans, some minorities experience a disproportionate burden of preventable disease, death, and disability compared with non-minorities. One minority group in particular, the African-Americans, have had a long history in the United States. Some African American families have been in the United States for many generations; others are recent immigrants from places such as Africa, the Caribbean, or the West Indies (CDC, 2014). Yet, whilst the data on quality health care shows that there are few gaps in terms of disparities between Blacks and the Non-minority groups, since health indicators such as life expectancy and infant mortality have improved for most Americans, the African-Americans minority group continue to experience a disproportionate burden of preventable disease, death and disability, in comparison to their non-minority counterparts (CDC, 2013). In fact, the leading causes of death, according to CDC, (2014), are cardiovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes and stroke. Kerri Henderson, One minority nurse writer (Henderson, 2014), states that the goal of Healthy People (2020), to “achieve health equity, eliminate disparities, and improve the health of all groups,” is a very important goal for the African American population in particular. This is especially in light of the fact that two-thirds of all...
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...Mental Health Care Disparities: Consequences of Ineffectiveness and Lack of Access for Minorities Ebony Marinnie RN Rowan University Mental Health Care Disparities: Consequences of ineffectiveness and lack of access for minorities For ages mental illness has been seen as the ultimate curse. The mentally ill were seen as possessed, hidden from society, and never talked about. In America, it is estimated that 26.2 percent of people ages 18 and older suffer from a diagnosed mental disorder in a given year (Kessler,Chiu, Walters, & Demler, 2005). The aforementioned statistics reflect those that have sought or been forced into treatment. There are many left uncounted due to lack of access and ineffective treatment secondary to a number of reasons. Considering history, discrimination, personal perception, socioeconomic status, educational backgrounds and a host of other reasons many minority groups are reluctant to seek out treatment in what many may consider a system of mental health created and sustained primarily for the middle and upper-class White America. In fact, 60 percent of people with mental illnesses do not receive treatment (Kessler et al., 2005). The purpose of this paper is to discuss mental health care disparities in minority populations within American society, and to suggest some needed changes to close the gap in America. One quarter of all Americans meet the criteria for having a mental illness and a quarter of those have a disorder that significantly...
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...The disparities between African American women and other races in regard to the incidences of and mortality from breast cancer are alarming. Studies have shown that minority communities are less likely to take advantage of preventative and detection care like breast cancer screening. Other studies find that a number of factors, outside of race and ethnicity play a role in this. Ultimately, approaching the topic from a holistic understanding and acknowledgement of the ways in which a person’s full background influence their values, beliefs, and decisions and present barriers to action – cultural sensitivity, namely – is essential to reversing these disparities. In “African-American Women, Self-Breast Examination and the Health Belief Model: Implications for Practice,” author Josephine McCaskill, PhD., APN, FNP, BC examines the fact that African American women, despite having lower incidence rates of breast cancer have a higher mortality rate, and the fact that findings show that “the adherence to recommended breast cancer screening guidelines is frequently reported to be lower in the African American population” (McCaskill p. 33). McCaskill begins by discussing the epidemiology of breast cancer, noting that it is “the most common form of cancer, resulting in significant deaths among African American women.” She discusses its origins, cell growth, and disparities among populations. Particularly, among women who are ages fifty and older, the mortality rate for African...
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