...American Indian and Native Alaskan Health Status According to the Center for Disease Control, or CDC, there are currently 566 government recognized tribes of American Indian and Native Alaskan origin in the United States (2015). This group of tribes roughly equates to 5.2 million individuals who make up this minority group. There are many stereotypes that come along with Native American heritage, such as alcoholism, poverty, and illness. Sadly, these stereotypes are true and this minority has several major health disparities which affect them as a whole, including those previously mentioned. Current Health Status and Health Disparities Of the 5.2 million American Indian and Native Alaskan population, a measured 26.9% lack health insurance (CDC, 2015). The unemployment rate does not help the poor health status of this group, being the second highest of all minority groups at 15.8%. A major health concern for Native Americans is diabetes. Compared to non-Hispanic whites, American Indians and Alaskan Natives are 2.2 times higher to develop diabetes. Ninety-five percent of American Indians and Alaskan Natives effected by diabetes have type 2 diabetes (American Diabetes Association, 2015). According to US News, only 51 percent of Native American high school students graduate (2013). The educational status of this minority group already puts them at a disadvantage for receiving proper health promotion and maintaining self-preservation. Higher dropout rates can be...
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...Health Promotion Among Diverse Populations Shahla Tehrani Grand Canyon University Family-Centered Health Promotion NRS-429V Dana McKay May 1, 2015 Health Promotion Among Diverse Populations With the advancement of medical technology and increasing self awareness of both mental and physical well being, the health of most Americans has increasingly improved. However, the same cannot be said of the health of American Indians and Alaskan Natives. Health improvements for American Indians and Alaska Natives have not improved, with health disparities still existing in areas such as: infant mortality, chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, asthma, obesity, cirrhosis and liver disease, arthritis, smoking, and cancer (Indian Health, n.d.). According to the 2000 Census, there are 4.1 million Native Americans/Alaskan Indians in the United States (U.S Census Bureau, 2000). Historically, Native Americans have lived in extreme poverty. The U.S. Census reported in both 1990 and 2000 that poverty still prevails in Native American populations throughout the nation, accounting for 25% of the nation (Selected Population, 2012). There are known health disparities between the Native American population and the rest of the U.S. Some of these disparities exist due to geographic isolation, cultural barriers and economic factors. Health care experts, policymakers and tribal leaders are trying to account for the many factors that impact the health of Indian people...
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...The Health Status of American Indians/Alaskan Natives Aretha Ha Grand Canyon University: NRS-429VN Family-Centered Health Promotion April 10th, 2016 The Health Status of American Indians/Alaskan Natives Did you know that approximately 3.7 million American Indians (AI) and Alaskan Natives (AN) make up 2% of the total U.S. population? This classifies them as one of the smallest racial and ethnic population groups in the U.S. There are 567 federally recognized (AI/AN) tribes and more than 100 state recognized tribes with 78% of the AI/AN population living outside these tribal areas (OMH, 2012). This geographic distribution gives them less access to hospitals, clinics, and necessary health services. Geographic isolation, cultural barriers, environmental factors, low income, and many other interrelated factors directly contribute to AI/ANs lower health status compared to other Americans. This essay seeks to identify these health disparities that make this population least likely to get adequate needed health care. Health Status AI/ANs face an overall lower health status and higher rates of chronic conditions which shortens life expectancies compared to other racial and ethnic group. There is a wide range of life issues stemming from economic and social conditions that may account for the health disparities. Inadequate education, disproportionate poverty, discrimination in the delivery of health services, and cultural differences are just a few. Life Expectancy The...
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...Health Promotion Among Diverse Populations Marcia Maris Grand Canyon University NRS-429v November 14, 2015 The purpose of this paper is to discuss the health status of the American Indian/ Alaskan Native (AI/AN). A comparison and contrast of AI/ANs with the national average regarding the health status such as heart disease and strokes will be presented. Multifactorial barriers limiting health, and the overall factors affecting health within this population are identified. Current health status will be presented including health promotion and disparities among this US population. Primary, secondary, and tertiary health promotions will be discussed along with one approach to promoting health offered. According to the office of Management and Budget’s “American Indian or Alaskan Native” refers to one who has origins in any of the original peoples of North and South America, including Central America, and maintains ties and connections to a tribe or tribal community (United States Census Bureau, 2010). Results of the 2010 census revealed there were 5.2 million people or 1.7 percent of the population who were Native American/ Alaskan Native. Chronic diseases and risk factors among AI/AN groups remain high. When compared to white populations AI/ANs are more likely to have diabetes and high blood pressure, be obese, and smoke cigarettes ( Centers for Diseas Control, 2015). The death rates from heart disease is 20 percent greater and from strokes are 14...
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...Health Among American Indians and Alaskan Natives Shelley Thornton Grand Canyon University Family Centered Health Promotion NRS-429V Minerva Gonzales December 06, 2015 Health Among American Indians and Alaskan Natives When compared to the National average inequality and the persistent challenges that American Indians and Alaska Natives face are troubling. Demographics and economy along with poor health standards, drug and alcohol use and disproportionate disease burden exist due to inadequate education, high rates of unemployment, discrimination in the delivery of health care and cultural differences. In this paper we will explore Native Americans current health status and the barriers that influence health in their culture, socioeconomic and sociopolitical groups along with how race, ethnicity and education influence health and address current health status in addition to how they define health promotion and what health disparities exist. American Indians and Alaska Natives are people that have origins in the North, South and Central America that maintain tribal affiliation or community attachment. “There are 562 federally recognized tribes in the US, including 223 village groups in Alaska; about 100 other tribes are recognized by individual states. There are also tribes that have existed since this country was formed but do not have federal or state recognition” ("American Indians," p. 2). Per records from “2012 there were estimated 5.2 million people” ("Profile...
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...The Alaskan Native and Health Promotion The Alaskan Native and Health Promotion In the United States in 2013 there were 11.2 million American Indians and Alaska Natives nation wide representing approx. 2% of the population. The state with the highest population percentage of natives was Alaska, with 134,361 accounting for 14.3% of the population (United States Census Bureau. 2013). It is this group that is going to be focused on now in this paper because of the unique issues and barriers that are found in attempting health promotion within this minority. Many different problems arise when attempting change in the region ranging from education levels, large cultural differences, geological isolation, and substance abuse. There is a strong and deep-seated lack of trust towards anyone who is not from the area because of past mistakes and abuses. In 1950 46% of all Alaskan native deaths were because of tuberculosis and other infectious diseases which were brought in by outsiders (Alaska Native Health Status Report. 2009). The medical profession to this day is still regarded as a possible threat instead of an asset especially by the older population. What level of health promotion prevention will work best to facilitate the changes needed in Alaskan Native health? The current health status of Alaska natives is well below the national average in a multitude of ways. It has improved markedly in the past couple of decades but still needs considerable attention. The Alaskan Native...
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...American Indian and Alaska Native Populations: How They Fair vs. the National Average Kari L. Singer Grand Canyon University: NRS- March 1, 2015 American Indian and Alaska Native Populations: How They Fair vs. the National Average There are many different ethnicities and cultures in the United States. This paper will be comparing American Indians and Alaska Natives health to that of the national average. We will be looking at the current health status of this ethnic group compared to the national average, their definition of Health Promotion, three health disparities affecting this ethnic group, and finally we will see an example of a program that promotes health prevention. Current Health Status of American Indians and Alaska Natives The American Indian and Alaska Native populations make up about 2% of the total U.S. population, numbering roughly 5.2 million, according to the 2013 census. American Indians and Alaska Natives (AI/AN), differ from the national average in culture, socioeconomic status, and education. The percentage of AI/AN’s who lacked health insurance in 2013 was 26.9% compared to the 16.6% of the national average (CDC, 2015). They have limited access to employer-sponsored health coverage due to working in low wage jobs and jobs that don’t offer insurance (Artiga, et. al., 2013). AI/AN have the highest poverty rate of all ethnic groups at 0.9% to 1.5% of the total population. This group is more likely to report being in fair or poor health. When comparing...
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...Analyze the health status of a specific minority group. Select a minority group that is represented in the United States (examples include: American Indian/Alaskan Native, Asian American, Black or African American, Hispanic or Latino, Native Hawaiian, or Pacific Islander.) In an essay of 750-1,000 words, compare and contrast the health status of the minority group you have selected to the national average. Consider the cultural, socioeconomic, and sociopolitical barriers to health. How do race, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and education influence health for the minority group you have selected? Address the following in your essay: 1. What is the current health status of this minority group? 2. How is health promotion defined by the group? 3. What health disparities exist for this group? Describe at least one approach using the three levels of health promotion prevention (primary, secondary, and tertiary) that is likely to be the most effective given the unique needs of the minority group you have selected. Provide an explanation of why it might be the most effective choice. Cite a minimum of three references in the paper. You will find important health information regarding minority groups by exploring the following Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) links: Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required. This assignment uses a rubric. Please review...
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...Analyze the health status of a specific minority group. Select a minority group that is represented in the United States (examples include: American Indian/Alaskan Native, Asian American, Black or African American, Hispanic or Latino, Native Hawaiian, or Pacific Islander.) In an essay of 750 -1,000 words, compare and contrast the health status of the minority group you have selected to the national average. Consider the cultural, socioeconomic, and sociopolitical barriers to health. How do race, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and education influence health for the minority group you have selected? Address the following in your essay: 1. What is the current health status of this minority group? 2. How is health promotion defined by the group? 3. What health disparities exist for this group? Describe at least one approach using the three levels of health promotion prevention (primary, secondary, and tertiary) that is likely to be the most effective given the unique needs of the minority group you have selected. Provide an explanation of why it might be the most effective choice. Cite a minimum of three references in the paper. You will find important health information regarding minority groups by exploring the following Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) links: 1. Minority Health: http://www.cdc.gov/minorityhealth/index.html 2. Racial and Ethnic Minority Populations: http://www.cdc.gov/minorityhealth/populations/remp.html RUBRIC: The health status of the...
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...Health of Hawaiian and Pacific Islanders Today the United States is a melting pot of ethnicity. The United States was founded and built by immigrants. Even though minorities help build the U.S., they suffer health issues disproportionately compared to white non-Hispanics. The World Health Organizetion defines health promotion as the process of enabling people to increase control over, and to improve their health. The Hawaiian and Pacific islanders’ racial category refers to a person having original origins to Hawaii, Guam, Samoa, or other Pacific Islands. The Hawaiian and pacific islanders make up about 1.2million of the United States population. This comes out to be only 0.5 % of the US population. Hawaiian and Pacific islanders are the smallest percentage of the U.S. population. Some percentages of other minorities are: Hispanic 17%, African American 14%, and American Indians and Alaskan natives 2%. Even with such a small percentage of population reported, they were fastest growing from 2000 to 2010 according to the CDC. The largest population of Hawaiian and Pacific Islanders reside in Hawaii and California. The top 3 leading causes of death among this ethnic group include cancer, heart disease and stroke. While cancer and heart disease are the top leading cause of death among most ethnic groups. The cancer survival rate among this group is less than 47% compared to 55% of all races combined according to the CDC. Hawaiian and pacific islanders are less likely to seek...
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...Health Promotion Among Diverse Populations Grand Canyon University: NRS-429V Health Promotion Among Diverse Populations The United States is a Nation of diverse races and cultures. The population of the United States is broken down into two classifications: the majority and the minority. As of 2014 the majority of individuals living in the US classified themselves as white, which is defined as “a person originating from any of the original people of Europe, the Middle East, or North Africa”. As of 2014 this group made up 77.4 percent of the US population (USCB, 2014). The rest of the US population consists of many different races, collectively called the minority. The minority is made up of multiple different races, including but not limited to: American Indian/Alaskan Native, Asian American, Black or African American, Hispanic or Latino, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander. Healthcare disparities for minority groups in the US are larger than for the majority group; the minority group bears a disproportionate burden of disease, injury, premature death, and disability. For persons of these racial/ethnic minority populations, health disparities can mean lower life expectancy, decreased quality of life, loss of economic opportunities, and perceptions of injustice (CDC, 2004). The Hispanic or Latino race in particular has a larger gap in quality health care and disease prevention than most others. This report will discuss the health status, health promotion...
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...Diabetes Health Campaign - Part I HCS/535 March 4, 2013 Diabetes Health Campaign - Part I Diabetes is a disease that has reached epidemic proportions. In the United States approximately 23.6 million people are affected by diabetes making diabetes the 7th leading cause of death (Healthy People 2020, 2012). Diabetes is a disease that results in the body either not producing or not using insulin properly. Complications from uncontrolled diabetes can result in devastating effects on almost every system in the body. Diabetes is so prevalent that the disease has become a national health objective in the Healthy People 2020 agenda. In 2010 North Carolina had approximately 700,000 adults with a diagnosis of diabetes (North Carolina Division of Public Health, 2011). The unfortunate reality is that approximately one-third of the people in North Carolina have not yet been diagnosed and the screening test, a simple blood test, has only been utilized by approximately 60% of North Carolinians (North Carolina Division of Public Health, 2011). Diabetes is a very costly disease and plays havoc on a person’s body. In this paper the subject of discussion is the public health issue of diabetes and its effect on the communities and population of North Carolina. Diabetes and Healthy People 2020 Healthy people 2020 continues the three decades old national program that is scientifically based and identifies national goals and objective that span over a 10 year period (Centers for Disease...
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...TAX PROVISIONS AND ANALYSIS OF SELECTED ISSUES RELATING TO NATIVE AMERICAN TRIBES AND THEIR MEMBERS Scheduled for a Public Hearing Before the SENATE COMMITTEE ON FINANCE on May 15, 2012 Prepared by the Staff of the JOINT COMMITTEE ON TAXATION May 14, 2012 JCX-40-12 CONTENTS Page INTRODUCTION AND SUMMARY I. 1 GENERAL RULES REGARDING THE TAXATION OF INDIAN TRIBES AND TRIBAL MEMBERS AND THE TAXING POWERS OF INDIAN TRIBES ................. 3 A. Income Taxation of Indian Tribes and Wholly Owned Tribal Corporations................ 3 1. Federal income taxation of Indian tribes and wholly owned tribal corporations ... 3 2. State taxation of Indian tribes ................................................................................. 4 B. Tax Treatment of Enrolled Members of Indian Tribes ................................................. 7 1. Federal tax............................................................................................................... 7 2. State tax................................................................................................................... 7 C. Taxing Powers of Indian Tribes .................................................................................... 9 D. Alaska Native Settlement Trusts................................................................................. 10 II. SELECTED FEDERAL TAX RULES AND ISSUES RELATING TO INDIAN TRIBES AND THEIR MEMBERS ..................................
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...Legislation On The Elderly In The United States Final Paper The Older American Act of 1965 was signed into law on July 14, 1965. This act established the Administration on Aging within the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare and called for the creation of State Units on Aging. This act was considered one of the most important contributions on aging legislation enacted by congress. This report is a review of legislation regarding Older American Act. TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction on the history of Legislation on the Elderly ……………………………………2 Background Early Acts Enacted to meet the needs of the Elderly……………………………2 Early Acts Enacted leading up to OAA of 1965 …………………………………………..3 Review of Older American Act…….. ………………………………………………………4 Older American Title Review…………..…………………………………………………….5 Amendments………………………………………………………………………………….9 Strength and Weakness of Older American Act……………………………………………..14 Recommendation…………………………………………………………………………….15 Conclusion … ………………………………………………………………………………16 References……………………………………………………………………………………17 Introduction The new deal program of the 1930’s was enacted by congress to address economic issues during the Great Depression. The Social Security Act of 1935 was a response to criticism for the lack of aid to retired workers age 65 and older and who no longer worked (justfacts.com). This law created "a system of Federal old-age benefits" (justfacts.com). The new act provided pensions...
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...Health and Wellness in Native North America It is true that many of the old ways have been lost. But just as the rains restore the earth after a drought, so the power of the Great Mystery will restore the way and give it new life. We ask that this happen not just for the Red People, but for all people, that they all might live. Black Elk, Oglala, Sioux Contemporary health status of American Indians can be best viewed through the lens of various federal policies enacted over the past 500 years. These policies were developed largely in response to dramatic population losses among the indigenous peoples of America, resulting from genocidal actions of military campaigns, the lack of immunity to the diseases that accompanied European colonizers, and the assimilation efforts that destroyed tribal structures and wellness practices. Medical services were first coordinated through army physicians in the Department of War in an effort to control the spread of diseases from early reservation sites placed on or near military forts. By the twentieth century, the rapid decline of the Indigenous population, documented by the “Meriam Report” of 19281 prompted new assimilation efforts to save the first Americans. Healthcare services were re-coordinated within the Bureau of Indian Affairs and then into the Public Health Service, finally resting within the Federal Indian Health Service (IHS). Assimilation policies, however, proved to be highly destructive resulting in the...
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