...Henri Fayol (Istanbul, 29 July 1841 – Paris, 19 November 1925) was a French mining engineer, mining official, creator and chief of mines who created general hypothesis of business organization that is frequently called Fayolism. He and his associates built up this hypothesis freely of logical administration however generally contemporaneously. Fayol was conceived in 1841 in a suburb of Istanbul. His dad (an architect) was in the military at the time and was selected administrator of attempts to manufacture Galata Bridge, which spanned the Golden Horn. The family come back to France in 1847, where Fayol moved on from the mining institute "École Nationale Supérieure des Mines" in Saint-Étienne in 1860. In 1860 at nineteen years old Fayol began...
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...Assignment Q1) Describe how Henri Fayol explained the management function? ANS.1) Management is the achievement of organizational goals through the planning, organizing, delegating, commanding, coordinating and controlling functions. Management is an ongoing activity, entailing goal attainment and knowing how to carry out management’s major functions. These functions are crucial to effective management. Henri Fayol placed management center stage and secondly he pondered the question of how best a company could be organized. The functions are explained as follows: 1. PLANNING: drawing up plans of actions that combine unity, continuity, flexibility and precision given the organization's resources, type and significance of work and future trends. Creating a plan of action is the most difficult of the five tasks and requires the active participation of the entire organization. Planning must be coordinated on different levels and with different time horizons. 2. ORGANISING: providing capital, personnel and raw materials for the day-to-day running of the business, and building a structure to match the work. Organizational structure depends entirely on the number of employees. An increase in the number of functions expands the organization horizontally and promotes additional layers of supervision. DELEGATING: delegation is the assignment of authority and responsibility to another person (normally from a manager to a subordinate) to carry out specific activities...
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...Administrative Principles The fourth major theory of management thought is called administrative principles. This is the third and final subset of the classical perspective. Henri Fayol, a French mining engineer was a major contributor to this theory of being “focused on the total organization” (Daft & Marcic, 2015). In a scholarly article, called Henri Fayol's Centre for Administrative Studies, it talks about Fayol’s belief in management being a part of every aspect in your life, from the home to work and even a part of government (Breeze, 1995). Some of the principles of management introduced by Fayol include the unity of command, division of work, unity of direction, and the scalar chain (Daft & Marcic, 2015). These principles have been...
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...that people should not underestimate themselves for human beings are adaptable and resilient. When you think about it, management has come a long way since the ancient era. From the time of Aristotle, who had laid the foundation for many management concepts, to medieval European guilds that functioned as modern-day quality control to ensure fine craftsmanship- the act of planning, organizing, and motivating resources was modified and adapted into what we know as management today. With the help of many modern management contributors like Frederick Winslow Taylor (founded Taylorism) whose theory of management that analyzes and synthesizes work flows. Taylor’s research is still heavily revered to this day. Another important figure is Henri Fayol, the father of the school of Systematic Management, who introduced to the world his 14 basic principles of management which is one of the earliest theories of management...
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...Division of Work: This principle of Fayol tells us that as far as possible the whole work should be divided into different parts and each individual should be assigned only one part of the work according to his ability and taste rather than giving the whole work to one person. When a particular individual performs the same job repeatedly, he will become an expert in doing that particular part of the whole job. Consequently, the benefits of specialisation will become available. For example, a furniture manufacturer gets an order for manufacturing 100 lecture stands. He has five workers who will do the job. There are two ways to complete this order. First, every worker should be asked to complete 20 lecture stands. The second method can be distributing different parts of the lecture stand-legs, top board, centre support, assembling and polishing-to all the five workers in a manner that only one worker does the same job for all the 100 lecture stands. Here, Fayol’s indication is to the second way to do this job and not the former one. The principle of division of labour applies not only to the workers but also equally to the managers. For example, if a manager is tuned to work on the same kind of activities for a long period of time, he will certainly be an expert in his particular job. Consequently, more and beneficial decisions can be taken in a comparatively less time by him. Positive Effect advantages of specialisation are obtained, such as increase in the quality of work...
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...Henry Fayol, a French industrialist, developed the theory of management. According to him, managerial excellence is a technical ability and can be acquired. He developed theories and principles of management which are universally accepted and make him universalistic. He was pioneer of the formal education in management. Fayol's principles of management meet the requirements of modern management. Henry Fayol, offered fourteen principles of management for the first time in 1916. During the period of 1920-40 in the U.S. many authors did hard work in developing and testing various principles of management. Today, there is a very lengthy list of management principles and it is not possible to give an exhaustive lot of these management principles. Here, we are giving some important principles of management. Henry Fayol's Principle of Management Followings are the 14 principles of management developed by the Henry Fayol: 1. Division of Work: According to Henry Fayol under division of work, "The worker always on the same post, the manager always concerned with the same matters, acquire an ability, sureness and accuracy which increases their output. In other words, division of work means specialization. According to this principle, a person is not capable of doing all types of work. Each job and work should be assigned to the specialist of his job. Division of work promotes efficiency because it permits an organizational member to work in a limited area reducing the scope of his...
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...The company I currently work at is called Airserv Corporation. It is a service based company that provides JFK Airport and other airports worldwide, wheelchair services, food services, check-in services, and a multitude of others based on the contracts signed by airlines. One of the communication concepts that I have seen since working here has been that they are very prone to the administrative approach in this organization (Hynes, 2010). The organization I work for is managed very administratively with a chain of command and a great deal of organization but it lacks the communication and employee relationship that is necessary to maintain good business and communication. The managers are very focused on a couple of Fayol's principles. Let me go into depth here on exactly what I'm referring too to give you a better understanding. There is a division of work at my company, as defined by Fayol's principles. Workers are assigned locations and are limited to these "zones" where they are to stay during the duration of their shifts. The authority principle is also evident (Hynes, 2010). My managers tend to go after the authoritative stance on many issues we have faced at Airserv. They are quick order things that are necessary to keep the day "running smooth" and they have gained a greater deal of authority based on their skills and experience in the field of work that their employees are needed in. Another principle of Fayol's that my company has exhibited is how subordinate individual...
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...Henri Fayol: The Administrative Theory Henri Fayol developed the Administrative Theory. While Weber emphasized the principles of an ideal bureaucratic organization, Fayol concentrated on the management layer. He focused on the personal duties of a manager at a much finer level than Weber did. Fayol stated that management had five principle roles: planning, organizing, commanding, coordinating, and controlling. Planning meant anticipating the future and acting towards it. Organization meant the development of resources, both capital and human. Commanding meant keeping the processes of the business running. Coordinating meant syncing the group’s efforts in the best possible way. Controlling meant that all the above activities were done according to appropriate rules and procedures. Fayol created 14 principles of administration to go along with these five goals. 1. Division of work: work is divided according to skill and technical expertise; each item of work be given to the employee most qualified for it 2. Authority and responsibility: Fayol defined authority as 'the right to give orders and the power to exact obedience.' He emphasized the importance of linking authority to responsibility. 3. Discipline: obedience and behavior of respect. 4. Unity of command: an employee should receive orders from one superior only. 5. Unity of direction: only one head shall lead a group with the same objective 6. Subordination of individual interests to the general interest: an...
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...The current issue and full text archive of this journal is available at www.emeraldinsight.com/1751-1348.htm Henri Fayol, practitioner and theoretician – revered and reviled Mildred Golden Pryor and Sonia Taneja Department of Marketing and Management, Texas A&M University-Commerce, Commerce, Texas, USA Abstract Purpose – Fayol’s theories were the original foundation for management as a discipline and as a profession. Also Fayol was the first to advocate management education. Yet he has critics who revile him (or at least disparage his work) as well as followers who respect and revere him. This paper intends to enlighten today’s practitioners and academicians about the relevance and value of Fayol’s theories today. Design/methodology/approach – The paper addresses Fayol’s contributions as well as the disparagement and the reverence. It compares Fayol’s work with that of Follett, Mintzberg, Taylor, and Porter. In addition, it demonstrates the original and current interpretation and application of his theories. Finally, it indicates the alignment of Fayol’s theories with strategic leadership and management. Findings – Fayol’s theories are valuable and relevant for organizational leaders because Fayol was a practitioner who documented theories that worked best for him and his co-workers. While there are those who criticize Fayol’s theories, there are many others who respect them and find them useful as academicians and as practitioners. The theory of management functions aligns...
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...The Convolution of Love Virginia Fisher Student ID# 20441228 RS 180 Love & Friendship / Professor Carolyn Whitney-Brown 19/09/2013 The Convolution of Love “Is love a utopian dream or a possibility within our reach?” (Nouwen, 24). This essay will first, explore Henri Nouwen’s theory of reversibility or irreversibility of evil. Next, Nouwen’s perspective will be applied to the relationship between Louis and Janine and finally, this paper will examine the possibility of their capacity for love to change throughout the course of the book. Henri Nouwen composes a succinct vision of his reversibility or irreversibility of evil theory. There are two distinctive domains within, that of the “taking form of existence” and conversely, that of the “forgiving form of love”. The “taking form” is markedly comprised of the insidious need of destructive power over others and is enmeshed in a foundation of fear. One of the most prevalent forms of this destructive power is the use of an individual’s past which can become “the most lethal weapon in human relationships” spawning “shame, guilt, moral and even physical death” (Nouwen, 26). This hypothesis of irreversible evil is “definitive and unchangeable” and determines that all “mistakes are final and unforgiveable” which in turn, predestines us to the “impossibility of love” (Nouwen, 27). Conversely, the “forgiving form” embodies truthfulness, tenderness and a complete “disarmament” of self through “the confession of our total self to each...
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...Studying Abroad For Future Inspirations Teenagers nowadays are trying to find short cuts or quick ways to get over with their academic programs in high school. A lot of them seem to have no idea what they are about to do next; they just want to be done with school so they can enjoy their time. However, they do not realize the fact that their education is actually a major part of their life and finding their careers. Many teenagers tend to be clueless about their future and do not know their true talents or identities. It happens because teenagers love to try new things and go with the flow of their friends; they are confused with what they are really good at or interested in. When one has to be alone for a long time, he or she would have enough time to be able to identify his or her true identity; studying abroad is the solution. It is very difficult to see the whole picture for the new faces in other countries because they could not solve their problems on their own. This phenomenon usually occurs with the closed family culture. So, going overseas leads teenagers to improve their solving skills when they encounter obstacles. The more difficulties they faced, the more they are able to handle in any situation. A French novelist, Marcel Proust, once stated that, “The only real voyage of discovery consists not in seeking new landscapes but in having new eyes.” Seeing the new side of the world brings juveniles to discover their new attitudes about the real life. More over...
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...Wassily Kandinsky Wassily Wassilyevich Kandinsky was an influential Russian painter and art theorist. He is credited with painting the first purely abstract works. Born in Moscow, Kandinsky spent his childhood in Odessa. He enrolled at the University of Moscow, studying law and economics. Successful in his profession—he was offered a professorship (chair of Roman Law) at the University of Dorpat—he began painting studies (life-drawing, sketching and anatomy) at the age of 30. Born: December 16, 1866 Occupation: Law Professor A few works’ names: On White II Composition X Henri Matisse Henri-Émile-Benoît Matisse was a French artist, known for his use of colour and his fluid and original draughtsmanship. He was a draughtsman, printmaker, and sculptor, but is known primarily as a painter.[1] Matisse is commonly regarded, along with Picasso and Marcel Duchamp, as one of the three artists who helped to define the revolutionary developments in the plastic arts in the opening decades of the 20th century, responsible for significant developments in painting and sculpture.[2][3][4][5] Although he was initially labelled a Fauve (wild beast), by the 1920s he was increasingly hailed as an upholder of the classical tradition in French painting.[6] His mastery of the expressive language of colour and drawing, displayed in a body of work spanning over a half-century, won him recognition as a leading figure in modern art. Born: December 31, 18 1869 Occupation: known primarily as...
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...connection of geometry, spatial relation, Birth of perspective and awareness of 3rd dimension along with study of anatomy in visual representation. The rise of individualism due to advent of humanism) 11. Baroque Painting & sculpture. 12. Rococo art and furniture/ interiors. 13. What is semiotics and semantics? Understanding the impact of industrialization and New Technology and the origin of it, the ‘enlightenment’. 14. Romanticism & Realism: in relation with the fall of Napoleon and outbreak of the war, French revolution, Darwin, Karl marks, birth of photography and change in perception of visual experience 15. What is modern? What is modern art? Impressionism and Expressionism Monet, Manet, Van Gogh, Edward Munch, Henri Matisse, Kandinsky, Sculpture-August Rodin. 16. Development of capitalism in modern western societies. Encroachment of commercial values upon all aspects of cultural practices. Art as anti establishment practice (Dada as anti art a nihilistic movement). The art of Marcel Duchamp, Pablo Picasso, and Jackson Pollok (additional...
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...INDIAN INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT, ROHTAK A Report on International Business SUBMITTED TO: Mr. Rojers P Joseph SUBMITTED BY: GROUP C, SECTION B Akshay Gupta (PGP05055) B. Vinod(PGP05062) Gangandeep Pannu (PGP05067) Kriti Gupta(PGP05075) Mitali Chauhan (PGP05077) ABSTRACT Nestle is the world’s largest food company, and among the world's 40 largest corporations. It operates in approximately 500 factories in 83 countries and employ over 230,000 people. In spite of its global reach, what makes Nestlé special is that each of its national companies has the flexibility to make their own decisions – in order to best meet the needs of their own people and communities. Each region can choose to sell the brands that satisfy their own consumers’ unique needs. And yet, as part of the larger organization, all benefit from access to global resources, decades of experience and our large chain of research and development centres. This makes it multidomestic in nature. The company has a history of various successful strategies which has helped Nestle each to a level which we see it today. This study is done to understand its various entry strategies in multiple geographies around the globe and also to understand its differentiating factor which make it the leading brand. Nestle has first mover and competitive advantage over its peers. It is known for its innovations, successful marketing strategies, R&D , CSR activities and localization across geographies. This study...
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...SURFACE LEVEL DIVERSITY, DEEP LEVEL DIVERSITY, AND ORGANIZATIONAL COMPETITIVENESS ABSTRACT Surface level diversity is the mixture of people who differentiate by sex, race or ethnicity, and the observably physically disabled. These differences typically cannot be changed and are easy to measure because they are visual. Deep level diversity are differences such as personality and attitudes that can be communicated through verbal and nonverbal behaviors. Diversity can be affiliated with socio-economic factors such as education, profession, job function, and social class. These three components of diversity affect how individuals operate in the workplace. Diversity can channel a sense of competitiveness, which has pros and cons. The purpose of this study is to understand how surface level diversity, deep level diversity, and competitiveness effect employees in the workplace. We also would like to understand the effect management has on diversity and competitiveness. INTRODUCTION What began for many as an effort to meet governmental and legal requirements has evolved into a strategic priority aimed at positioning organizations more competitively in the marketplace (Hansen, 2003). At a time diversity was just a guideline for organizations to meet, not something that was used as an instrument to truly improve the efficiency of an organization. Companies now put more effort into improving the diversity within their organization. Organizations devote resources to a variety...
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