...African indigenous education A major shortcoming of African traditional education is that it focused almost exclusively on the clan or tribe and hardly prepared its recipients for outside contact. Practically, this meant that the skills and knowledge possessed by a given ethnic group could not he easily transmitted to another tribe (Tiberondwa, 1978). Moreover, the absence of literacy implied that the accumulated knowledge and skills could not be preserved in a written form. This prevented the transfer of the same from one locality to another and from one generation to the next. Many wise Africans have died with their own wisdom. A close examination of traditional methods of teaching further reveals that customary education was wanting or deficient in this area. Tiberondwa (1978) has rightly observed that among sorne tribes in pre-colonial Uganda, for example, there was too much reliance on inculcation of fear and punishment as a means of teaching. Among the Ankole, "slow learners and offenders were killed to discourage slow learning and scare young people from committing similar offences" (Tiberondwa, 1978, p. 10). This means of teaching could only produce learners who, out of fear, were obedient and submissive. They committed to memory ideas that they did not understand and the values they had no right to question. Indigenous education thus tended to kill the spirit of initiative, innovation and enterprise, that of which are (or should be) promoted by modem education...
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...Tsandi Royal homestead which is a Cultaral heritage museum. The region share a border with the Etosha National park , the governemrnt in 1996 passed a legislation that enabled the Uukwaluudhi people to form a conversacy to manage wildlife and tourism. The region has so many animals such as kudu, zebra, black rinho and so many bird species. There is the Baobab Tree heritage centre and campsite in Outapi town. This tree is over a 1000 years old abd it has been used for so many puposses such a chapel,fotess, landmark and a kindergarten. In the present day there is a kiosk which rents braai stands and sells wood, there are also campsites in the area. There is the Omugulugwombashe monument, which was constructed by the government a place of commemoration of the liberation struggle for independence. This is the place that were the war started in 1966. The region ids home to the Mighty Ruacana Falls. There is the Hippo Pool, this is located next to the falls. There are 10 camps which are lacated under Mopane trees(http://www.omusatirc.gov.na). As a councilor ro win back the respect of the people I shall use the ethical concept of respect.Resoct is defined as a feel or understanding that some one is important, serious and sould be trated in a certain way (http://www.merriam-webster.com). Under this principle I shall get some people and to observe respect at the cultural museum and to have infomaation on the people that book at the heritage centre so that we preserve our culture...
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...“Everyday Use” Alice Walker clearly depicts two contrasting meanings of heritage through characterization and symbolism of her two daughters, walker highlights the difference between two interpretations of African American culture and heritage. The gist of the story in “Everyday Use” is how mama bit by bit rejects the superficial beliefs of Dee, her older and extraordinary daughter in admiration of the values about heritage from her less fortunate daughter Maggie. With a more profound thought walker is going into the contrasting culture and heritage of African Americans and superficial African Americans. Mama narrates the story, Ms. Johnson or “Mama” is a woman whose everyday life is part of her culture and heritage. Mama describes herself as, “a large, big-boned woman with rough, man working hands. In the winter I wear flannel nightgowns to bed and overalls during the day. I can kill a hog as mercilessly as a man”(155). With knowing that only has a second grade education we can say that she has no choice but to follow tradition and heritage, and stay in the home like she grew up in and work the field as other before her did. Even as mama is more or less forced to do so, still she has a great understanding and value of the concept of heritage and culture. In knowing Mama’s love and compassion for her heritage she gives the quilts to Maggie, because Dee wants the quilts to preserve and display her heritage of her ancestors. Mama gives the quilts to Maggie because Mama knows that...
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...Conflict Essay “Everyday Use”-Alice Walker Alice Walker authored the short story entitled “Everyday use”. In this story we get a set of characters, round (Mama) and flat (quilt) and several supporting characters, like Hakim-a-barber. Walkers “Everyday Use” is set somewhere between 1960’s America right around the time the civil rights movement was taking place. The setting takes place at Mama’s house primarily with the exception of a flashback to their old house that burned down. The plot of the story reveals the characters cultural pride and ignorance towards the changing times. The themes in “Everyday Use” are, the meaning of heritage and the power of education. Additionally, the author creates different conflicts that arise throughout the story in which they are: man vs. man, man vs. society, and man vs. himself. Man vs. Man is first seen between Dee and Mama due to the fact that Mama doesn’t meet up to Dee’s standards. This coincides with the theme, power of education. Mama struggled to send Dee to a good school, which could have ended up doing more harm than good in regards to their relationship. Mama herself was denied an education and her youngest daughter Maggie lacks in that department. Therefor, giving Dee the advantage of being the only one educated which makes her arrogant and condescending. The education that Mama generously gave to Dee only created a bigger wedge between them and the family. Dee with her knowledge and way of the world becomes a...
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...and sister" (par. 3). She makes her feelings clear when she attempts to "take" the quilts Mama had promised to Maggie: "Maggie can't appreciate these quilts... she'd probably be backward enough to put them to everyday use" (Walker, 103). By using the quilts for purposes other than their original intent she believes that she is respecting her heritage, but this is not the case: her desire to put them on display is "really not quite so different from the white capitalist cashing in on ethnic artworks" (Sexton, par. 4) Not only is she conforming to the worst of American ideals, but she is rejecting and disrespecting her own cultural heritage-- all under the pretenses of preserving it. It is in this sense that she is the "embodiment of the struggle for a unifying identity," because she has not yet come to understand her place in society as both an African and an American. In great contrast with Dee, Maggie is a simplistic and good-hearted person. These characteristics add dimension to the story, and make her a "more likely bearer of sacredness, tradition, and true value than her "brighter" sister". She understands the true meaning of heritage. Just as her sister asserts, Maggie is "backward...
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..."Everyday Use” - Literary Analysis Alice walker writes about the importance of inheriting family heritage and how it passes on to generations. This story is based on conflicts of two generations; on the bonds of a mother and daughter and their legacy which is symbolized as two hand stitched quilts. The narrator, Mama introduces us to her two daughters who have conflicting minds. Mama is disappointed on the behavior and the tension that takes place when Dee forces her to make a difficult decision about who gets the quilts. The story unfolds when Mama’s eldest daughter Dee, returns home for the first time after finishing college and starts claiming for possessions. The younger Maggie has never left home and is shown to be of quiet character, who was severely burned in a house fire when she was a child due to which her sympathetic and generous nature is over shadowed by her ugly scarred face. Dee, being stylish and blessed with good looks is the centre of agitation between the family and invokes jealously. Her feet appear "as if God himself had shaped them with a certain style." (385). Around Dee, the younger sister is a coward and since the fire she walks with "chin on her chest, eyes on the ground." (384) . The narrator is protective around her daughters hoping that Maggie becomes self confident and stands up for her right. The narrator fantasizes about reuniting with Dee on a television talk show and day dreams about Dee expressing gratitude to Mama acknowledging what all...
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...Themes of the story:Identity, heritage, racism and prejudice are the main themes of the story. Billy/William is strugglingbetween two identities as the names show. William Jacob is the white boy doing well in school,being a great football player and an talented artist. Billy is the aboriginal boy who left his pastwithout looking back, being hated in the eyes of his own people for trying to be somebody else.Even though no matter how he acts, his skin will always be black and his eyes brown.He is raised by aborigines, so he will always be affected by the black heritage. He is raised in thiscertain way, and even though he tries escaping it, he will not succeed. While the heritage affectshim, the people around him will also judge him because of his looks. The story proves that peoplewill always be prejudice towards him, even though he tries his hardest to become white. He will bereminded of his past every time a black aboriginal looks him in his eyes.The racism towards aboriginals is very extreme in this society. All the aboriginals look like drunkenbastards, and it’s almost impossible to escape the stereotypes. That’s why the government andpolice are trying to stop the aboriginals committing crimes - ALL of them, even the innocent ones.The Past:The Past is a poem about a man sitting in suburbia, in a home with an electric heater. He falls intodream about his past, where he was sitting in the nature in front of a campfire. He is probably alsoan aboriginal who has moved away from his...
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...50 Hurt Plaza, S.E., Suite 595, Atlanta, GA 30303‐2915 • 404‐523‐6220 Georgia Humanities Grant Guidelines, Fall 2015 Application deadline: September 30, 2015 Maximum Grant Amount: $2,000 Projects can begin on or after January 30, 2016 Georgia Humanities invites 501(c)‐3 nonprofit organizations to apply for a program grant of up to $2,000 to support local humanities programs. The National Endowment for the Humanities defines the humanities as: The study of history, literature, language (modern and classical), philosophy and archaeology; as relevant to the human environment and with particular attention to reflecting our diverse heritage, traditions, and history and to the significance of the humanities to the current conditions of national life. Eligibility All applicants (nonprofit organizations) must have an IRS 501(c)‐3 status and must include their IRS determination letter with the application. GH also requires a DUNS number. Individuals are ineligible to apply. Organizations with an open GH grant are not eligible to apply until all required final paperwork is submitted. Examples of GH‐funded projects include: film presentations with discussions; literary events; historic walking tours/ printed guide booklets; cemetery programs/tours; living history programs with scholar introductions; exhibitions; oral history projects; educational workshops (children and adults) in college and public libraries; digital adaptations of existing records with ...
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...Introduction Heritage Tourism Heritage tourism is define as the activities and services which provide international and domestic visitors with the opportunity to experience, understand and enjoy the special values of a region’s heritage, are sometimes referred to as heritage tourism (Lorton, 2013). According to Leigh Burns “heritage tourism is a personal encounter with traditions, history and culture. Heritage tourism is based upon the concept that each community has a story to tell. This is a rapidly growing niche market that is directed towards experiencing the local customs, traditions, arts, history, sites, and culture that authentically represent a particular place (Burns, 2010) Objective of the study The study includes the following objectives: * To identify the heritage destination and the overall satisfaction of tourists who visit heritage destinations. * To observe and understand the trend of heritage tourism in Nepal. * To analyze heritage destination and tourist’s overall satisfaction, and travel behavior characteristics. * To understand the impact of heritage tourism in Nepal. Hypotheses of the Study The study includes the followings hypotheses in order to analyze the relationship between heritage destination attributes and tourists’ satisfaction and their behavior characteristics, to understand the difference in derived factors in relation to their demographic and to identify the differences in the overall satisfaction of tourists’ in terms...
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...UNIT 5 HUMA 215 DB Understanding and knowing what collective cultural heritage represents, you first must know what it consents of. Cultural heritage will usually include the signs and symbols passed on by, oral transmission, artistic and literary forms of expression, languages, and ways of life, myths, beliefs and rituals. From the beginning of life, began what we know as our cultural heritage. With the population growing, small groups slowly would detach themselves and travel to start a new community. Once the land was found they would settle down and start a new life. Over time the Western areas began to grow and soon they travel by sea to seek new land. Landing onto the New World the Spanish and later the Europeans had brought with them their own cultural heritage. Living in the New World the tribes also had their own ways of life plus their own cultural heritage. Meeting with the local natives the Western tried to learn some of their ways and in return they taught the natives their beliefs. With this it had opened a new window to our new world, as we know it today. With all mixed values and traditions from the Americans and the Western people we have a great nation that we call our home. Passed down from generation to generation, all the teachings that the ancestor once knew has now been imbedded into our cultural styles. We must teach the future generations how important culture heritage is for our survival. EX: In our government today there is a unit that...
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...August 2012 To What Extent is Negative Heritage a Benefit to Society？ UCL Language Centre Student: QIFAN WANG Tutor: MARK BAILEY Date: 16/08/2012 Word count: 1854 words Introduction Cultural heritage, including monuments, groups of buildings and sites, which are of outstanding universal value from the point of view of history, art or science(1972, UNESCO Convention World Heritage), is inherited from past generations, maintained in the contemporary era and bestowed for the benefit of future generations. While seemingly uncontroversial and due to its significant position and profoundly influential value, human beings are exploring ancient civilization and preserving cultural heritage. However, we should recognize that not all heritage represents a positive memory , the uncritical interpretation of heritage is indeed omit negative factors of the past. In order to distinguish heritage more thoroughly, we use the term “negative heritage” which is defined as sites that may be interpreted by a group as commemorating conflict, trauma and disaster (Rico 2010), more specifically, Meskell deems that negative heritage is a conflicting site that becomes the repository of negative memory in the collective imaginary (Meskell 2002, 558). Unlike other heritage which can win widespread appreciation and permanent admiration, negative heritage refers to death, wars, religious conflicts and culture clashes. Controversies of negative heritage are often more salient than its values...
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...presentation Wednesday at the Archives, discussed various way of increasing tourism, like clearer, more unified signage, a more welcoming entrance to Uptown, and creating a heritage tourism council where members build a vision that sells Butte’s product — its history. Jarvis, who’s lived in Butte about 3½ years, said heritage tourism has been discussed in Butte over the past two decades, but solid plans haven’t really taken shape. Marketing, Jarvis said, has been the missing ingredient. Last year, a consultant helped update the 1993 Butte-Anaconda Regional Historic Preservation Plan. New plans include marketing strategies to attract tourists who drive through Butte — but don’t stop. Approximately three million nonresidents drive by Butte each year, mostly between May and October, Jarvis said. But less than 1 percent of those tourists stop. To attract visitors to “Montana’s Copperway,” Jarvis said it’s important to have a website, clear signage on the highway, and well-maintained historic features clearly marked by signs showing the way. Jarvis said his focus is on Uptown Butte. Plans for revitalizing the heritage on the hill could apply to the rest of Butte and Anaconda as well, he said. Pause Current Time 0:00 / Duration Time 0:00 Loaded: 0%Progress: 0%0:00 Fullscreen 00:00 Unmute Heritage tourism would generate money to build on and improve Butte’s history and help make the city more tourist-friendly, Jarvis said. But another source of funding that will...
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...Vanishing Heritage: Saving the Rice Terraces of the Philippines Cordilleras (Summary) Before, the United Nations Educational and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) inscribed the Rice Terraces of the Philippines on the World Heritage list. But after some years the Rice Terraces become one on the “ in danger” list that signifies their existence is under threat. So they manage to act by recognizing what are the problems that Rice Terraces encounter and how could they improve it. They recognized two major environmental factors --- loss of forest which cause lack of irrigation and soil erosion and giant earthworms. But many Ifugaos believe that because of the deterioration of the cultures, the Rice Terraces is being left behind. The government as well as Local Government Units of Ifugao helps to the preservation of the Rice Terraces. So they formulated a ten-year master plan and established programs to help preserve, restore and protect the Rice Terraces. And many other organization help to restore this vanishing heritages. Although it remains on the “in danger” list, they noted the positive that have been taken and the people believe that the Rice Terraces will regenerate and rise again among the others. (Reflection) Before, I thought that the Rice Terraces is just an agricultural development but after watching this film I became more aware of it. It is not just a development but it is a great achievement of mankind. The structure itself shows how the mankind evolution with...
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...Case # 1 Andersen: An Obstruction of Justice? P. C1 DISCUSSION QUESTIONS 1. Look up the term corrupt in the dictionary. What is its definition? Was corrupt appropriately applied to the actions of Arthur Andersen? 2. The issues that overturned the Andersen verdict were based on faulty jury instructions, not on whether Andersen was in fact guilty or innocent. Based on the information in this case and other information you know, do you believe Andersen violated the law? 3. Do you believe that the Supreme Court's opinion overturning the lower court's decision was appropriate? 4. Should the SEC and the Department of Justice have tried Andersen as a firm or should they have targeted specific individuals who had engaged in acts the two bodies believed to be unlawful? 5. Although Andersen's conviction was overturned, do you believe that its employees acted in an ethical manner? 6. Comment on the actions of David Duncan and Nancy Temple. Which of these parties do you believe was more responsible for the Andersen saga? 7. The class action lawsuit against Andersen also named the Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce, JPMorgan Chase, Citigroup, Merrill Lynch, and Credit Suisse Group as codefendants with Andersen. Why would the plaintiffs name so many entities in their lawsuit? Merrill Lynch and Credit Suisse asked a U.S. appeals court to rule that the complaint should not have been certified as a class action suit. Why would these entities make such a claim? ...
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...Running Head: REVITALIZING CULTURAL HERITAGE Revitalizing Cultural Heritage Conservation of Merewether Tower & its impact on urban morphology Qurat-ul-Ain Rehman Abstract The past should never be forgotten as it constitutes an important part of the civilization of mankind. Historic monuments may contain some bitter and sweet memories therefore it should be preserved for future generations to know the life their ancestors were living. Although important, many historic sites are usually torn down in order to make room for development but there are people who believe that these sites should be saved from the hammer. Conserving these sites takes a lot of hard work and dedication from the local authorities but it can transform the morphology of the region and reward the developers for their hard work. Karachi was home to British troops in the 19th century and is therefore rich in Victorian era buildings. Most of these buildings are in a bad shape but the government is working to preserve them. Although the pace of redevelopment is slow, the fact that work is going on gives a person relief that the historic buildings of the city will be preserved. One such building is the Merewether tower; this iconic structure is one of few structures that are in a good condition, but sources claim that from the inside, it is slowly being degraded. Once the gateway to the city, it has been forgotten by many although its name is very common. The objective of this research is to document...
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