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Health & religion as social determinants of health: (Summary)

In 1946 the WHO (world Health Organisation) introduced a new public health paradigm which concentrated on health as being holistic approach explaining the complete state off wellness is to be “Physically, emotionally, socially and spiritually” healthy.

There have been many literature articulated by sociologist regarding the aspect off religion and spirituality influence or effect on health of individuals lives. Spirituality often described being more fluid, eclectic and individualised than religion in which religion is often highlighted as structural and formal and embedded in tradition and doctrine. However there are differing perspectives and one may be religious but not spiritual and vice versa.

Case study: positive impact of religious & spiritual practices.

One case study undertaken in one Sydney hospital revealed that approximately 80% of interviewees claimed rituals can help when they are sick due to support, strength, relaxation and guidance it offers the human being.

Cases of societal tension based on religion, spirituality and health:

Although there are many positive aspects accompanying religion/spirituality with health, there have been cases of societal tension. Such events include:

• The avoidance of immunisation of children from parents with fundamental religion and philosophical background.

Within contemporary society there have been great emphasis on minoring risk associated with health issues such as flu vaccine is encouraged amongst children and teenagers in order to prevent the flu, also hepatitis B vaccine for sexually active individuals.

• Many religion tend to go against these vaccines due to spiritual belief of their own healing and preventable measures, furthermore organ donation is prohibited in Islam due to the belief that as humans we don’t own our body.

References:

Hilbers, J. J., Haynes, A. S., & Kivikko, J. G. (2010). Spirituality and health: An exploratory study of hospital patients' perspectives. Australian Health Review, 34(1), 3-10

Fisher, J. (2011). The four domains model: Connecting spirituality, health and well-being, Religions, 2(1), 17-28

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