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History of Color

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Submitted By RMckoy
Words 255
Pages 2
Rogelyn Mckoy
4/24/13
The History of Color: How people in ancient times created color for their garments.
Greek philosophers Democritus and Aristotle and Roman writers Plinythe Elder and Vitruvius described and recorded processes to create fabric dyes.
Blues and purples were known as vat dyes. Indingo and woad (a European flowering herb of the mustard family) were used to make blue dyes. These plants required lengthy absorption in an alkaline solution of ash, lime, or urine, which turned them into a water-soluble salt. The fabric was left to air dry and the oxidation made the blue color fast.
Tyrian, or royal, purple came from the mucous gland of the murex, a mollusk (invertebrate). A pound of dye required four million mollusks which was a time consuming process. Only the rich, such as the reigning emperor or monarch could afford this shade.
Reds were mordant dyes (sarcastic/biting dyes). They required the use of a fixative to create an insoluble color that would remain true. Henna a shrub and madder, a root, were mixed with alum (a sulphate of aluminum and potassium) to render a color family way less intense than the red we know today. A species of female scale insect, kermes was used by the Egyptians and produced a more vivid/intense red.
Colors in the yellow family were the least complicated. They were direct dyes, produced with little effort. Weld, the seeds, stems, and leaves of Dyer’s Rocket; and safflower, petals from Dyer’s Thistle, were used to create yellows.

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