...At the beginning of 3.3, Othello is completely in love with Desdemona. By the end of that scene, 480 lines later, Othello is ready to murder her for having an affair with Cassio. How have we gone from the first position to the second position so quickly? How does Iago plant the idea of Desdemona’s infidelity in Othello’s mind, and how does he make it grow? In Act 3 Scene 3, the storyline races extremely quickly and so does Othello’s mind, all thanks to Iago’s manipulation and careful planning. First, in Act 2 Scene 1, Iago has orchestrated the brawl. He gets Cassio drunk and has Roderigo pick a fight with him. Iago gives a falsely sympathetic account of Cassio’s behavior “I had rather have this tongue cut from my mouth than it should do offence to Michael Cassio”, and Othello is taken in by Iago’s cunning words and confirms that his “honesty” and “love” have made it “light to Cassio”.Othello then decided to fire Cassio, “Cassio, I love thee but never more be officer of mine.”, which is a stepping stone for Iago’s plans. Afterwards, Iago convinces Cassio to let Desdemona convince her husband to grant him his lieutenancy back again, “Our general’s wife is now the general…Confess yourself freely to her, importune her help to put you in your place again. She is of so free, so kind, so apt, so blessed a disposition, she holds it a vice in her goodness not to do more than she is requested.” However, in Iago’s soliloquy a few lines after, Iago’s intention becomes crystal...
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...As children we are taught to always tell the truth in every situation. Catchy clichés such as "the truth will set you free" are used to reinforce honesty in our minds. However, is it possible that lying can further your success in life, more so than honesty? Literary evidence seems to support this. Even the Bible offers stories of lying and cheating without consequence. Three literary works–the book of Genesis, William Shakespeare’s Othello, and Sir Walter Ralegh’s poem The Lie–offer support that, perhaps, the truth is not always what it’s cracked up to be. Sir Walter Ralegh discusses lying versus telling the truth in depth in his poem The Lie. In this poem, it appears that a member of the court is telling his servant (the servant being the "Soul," or perhaps the poem itself) to visit various genres of upper-class people and expose to them the uncomfortable truths of their existence. If they begin to deny these truths, the servant is commanded to "give them the lie," and publicly accuse them of being untruthful. Ralegh is claiming that these higher members of society are living lies and should be aware of them. He says, "Say to the church, it shows / What’s good and doth no good." During Ralegh’s time, clergymen were of the most powerful men in society, and they were also considered among, if not the, most corrupt. Ralegh’s intent with these lines is to expose that the church was not practicing the goodness that they were preaching about, thus harming the congregation...
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...In the play Othello, the character of Othello has certain traits, which make him seem naive and unsophisticated, compared to many other people. This is why Iago, is able to manipulate him so easily. Iago told Roderigo, "O,sir, content you. I follow him to serve my turn upon him "(I, i lines 38-9). Iago is saying, he only follows Othello to a point, and upon reaching it he will not follow him any longer. This is the first sign of how deceitful Iago will be. Iago has his own evil agenda in mind and he will use his reputation of being honest Iago to influence Othello. The Moor, as many Venetians call him, is of strong character. He is very proud and in control of every move throughout the play. The control is not only of power, but also of the sense of his being who he is, a great warrior. In Act I, Othello has runs into Brabantio, who has come to kill him, but before anything could happen Othello said, "Hold your hands, both of you of my inclining and the rest. Were it my cue to fight, I should have known it without a prompter" (I, ii, lines 80-3). The power shown here is quite astounding. The nature of Othello's character is of a dark man. A dark man, not only because he is black, but also because his whole person is very mysterious. He is mysterious in that he believes there is magic brewing everywhere. With this dark side he is also very outgoing, and not very bright. It is almost too easy for Iago to trick him into believing that Desdemona is unfaithful. Though he doesn't...
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...In Othello, Shakespeare develops an indecisive tone through the use of dramatic irony and metaphors in order to characterize Othello as tentative. In the soliloquy, Shakespeare develops an indecisive tone by using metaphors to further characterize Othello as tentative. Shakespeare utilizes this soliloquy to employ metaphors which reveal Othello’s uncertainty after being told that Desdemona is unfaithful. The tone which is also evident within the soliloquy helps to further develop the uncertainty seen in Othello spawning from Iago’s dishonesty. In the beginning, Othello exclaims that if Desdemona is cheating and that “though that her jesses were my dear heartstrings, / I’ld whistle her off and let her down the wind, / To pray at fortune”(Shakespeare 3.3. 302-305). This metaphor, telling of Othello’s still existent love but need to expel Desdemona, illustrates how Othello is unsure of the news when he claims he still is in love with Desdemona. It also characterizes him as tentative because of the uncertainty that she is unfaithful and the actions he would take to resolve an affair. Next, Othello ends his soliloquy when he makes the statement that “Even this forked plague is fated to us / When we do quicken”(3.3. 317-318). Othello is reminiscing on idea...
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...Othello had everything: he was the new general of the Venetian troops; he was newly married to Desdemona the daughter of a senator; he is a strong, confident warrior. This is the part of the play where we start to see Iago manipulating everything, and starts to get into Othello's head. Iago convinces Cassio that he should ask Desdemona to tell Othello to give him back his job. Cassio talks to Desdemona to try to convince Othello to give him his job back. As Othello was approaching them, Cassio runs off. Iago slowly starts messing with Othello's mind and convinces Othello that Desdemona is cheating on him with Cassio. Othello refuses to believe Iago and demands for poof. But, he already believes Iago poof or not because he believes Iago is an honest man. Othello starts to get suspicious about Cassio and Desdemona, and ask her where is the handkerchief he gave her. She didn't wanted to tell Othello that she didn't know where it was, then Othello and her get into a big fight. Meanwhile, Iago had the handkerchief and left in Cassio's room. Iago trotters Othello by making him picture Desdemona cheating on him, to the point where he got a brief elliptic fit. Cassio enters the room they were in and makes Othello hide, so he can hear their conversation. So, Iago sets up the conversation with Cassio so that Othello thinks he's hearing them talk about Desdemona, but Cassio was talking about someone else. After this, when Desdemona comes in with a visitor announcing that Othello is called...
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...dramatist around the world. Among all his works, many literary critics regard Othello as the peak of his tragedies. Othello is not only a tragedy of family, but also a tragedy of love. Jealous psychology of the characters ultimately leads to the marital tragedy. Iago was jealous of Cassio and Othello, so he slandered and entrapped Cassio and Desdemona, which directly brought about the tragedy. Othello’s true love to Desdemona was utilized by Iago who had an ulterior motive. Driven by jealousy, Othello readily believed Iago, and personally killed his own wife, and eventually drew his sword to cut his own throat. Therefore, the tragedy in Othello’s marriage is largely rooted in jealous psychology. We analyze the reason effect this tragedy of marriage by following the premarital objective situation and the subjective married life. Othello and Desdemona’s marriage is doomed and dysfunctional from the beginning because of acute differences in marriage and due to Othello’s flaw of characters. We analyze the reasons which affect this tragedy of marriage by following the premarital situation then Othello’s characters in married life. To pave the way for detailed analysis, it is necessary to know about two types of marriages at that time. Jessica Tvordi says in “In quarter and in Terms like Bride and Groom”: Reconfiguring Marriage, Friendship, and Alliance in Othello “In its treatment of marriage, Othello introduces and creates tensions between two models of marriage: the dynastic or...
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...of perception in ‘Othello’ with wider references to ‘King Lear’ ‘Any man situated as Othello was would have been disturbed by Iago’s communication…’ (Kenneth Muir). The play Othello displays various distinguishable characters that appear misguided and possess a great lack of perception. I am going to explore the character Iago, who presents a cunning and devious character and address the distinct comparisons with the character Edmond in King Lear. I will also study the methods he uses in order to successfully manipulate and theoretically blind the other characters from the truth. Iago represents the antagonist of the play as the ensign of Othello. Iago is a character with very unique and perplexing characteristics. His actions depict a presentation of great evil yet his intentions are not completely understood. It is clear from the beginning of the play what the character of Iago was capable of with the inconsistency of his apparent loyalty. We first find him in the company of Roderigo informing the father of Desdemona that she is wedded to Othello. ‘I am one, sir that comes to tell you your daughter and the Moor are now making the beast with two backs.’ It is evident from the beginning of the play that Iago is a devious and scheming character who gains the trust of the other characters in order to manipulate them. Throughout the play it Shakespeare clearly attempts to enforce the amount of trust that is placed in Iago due to the constant mention of honesty when referring to...
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...Othello the Shakespearean Tragic Hero The Tragedy of Othello is considered to be William Shakespeare’s most popular tragic plays but there are distinct differences in Shakespeare’s tragic heroes, and other tragic heroes. A Tragic hero is usually a character that makes a mistake that leads to his failure, but a Shakespearean tragic hero is initially one, who is born noble, but not necessarily virtuous; there are some great aspects of personality that he has in excess which would often also be his weakness which creates a conflict for the character. His own destruction brings out the principle or moral of the play. Scholars argues that Othello is not a hero but a murder that commits a crime of passion, but just as every Shakespearean tragic characters, Othello is a person that has made an error of judgment, had a fatal flaw and was destined for defeat; which when combined with external forces, will bring on a tragedies like Julius Caesar, Hamlet, and Macbeth. Like many other characters in Shakespearean tragic plays, Othello is not a weak character nor is he a person of failure, but he is the captain of the Venice army, he is married to one of the most beautiful woman of Venice named Desdemona, and he is very well known even though he was of a different ethnicity. When Brabantio accuses him of putting a spell on his daughter Desdemona; in front of the Venetian senate, no one believes the charges because of his outstanding reputation "Here comes Brabantio and the valiant Moor...
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...To ‘endure’ love suggests overcoming hardships and turmoil. Both Othello’s high status and skin colour are regarded as obstacles to overcome in their relationship. “Noble moor”. From the word ‘noble’ we can see the fact that Othello has a high status in the Venetian society at that time which meant that he had a greater fall. The word ‘moor’ was a common derogatory term for black people in the 1600’s when Othello was set. Desdemona is depicted to show respect to her father and admit her duties towards him, showing her caring nature. “My noble father”, “to you I am bound for life and education. My life and education both do learn me how to respect you” and “you are the lord of my duty” The use of diction such as ‘lord’ and ‘noble’ when referring to her father shows the immense respect and love she has for him as she views him as her god for giving her life and education. She admits to her marriage and also understands her duties towards both her father and her husband. “You are lord of all my duty” (181), “But here’s my husband”. Othello was honest when he said that he has won Desdemona’s heart by telling her tales of his past. Desdemona is very faithful and truly loves Othello as she was very charmed by him and at the same time truly respects her father and his views showing her good nature. Brabantio is a very protective father. He makes sure that his daughter Desdemona lives a sheltered life under his care. She is his only child so he treats her like a prized possession...
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...Chaos is Come Again Is it easy to turn a sane, loving man into a murderer? The famous play Othello, The Moor of Venice by William Shakespeare introduces the story of a brave black general in a predominantly white society, who has fallen in love with Desdemona, and struggles to see the true character of those around him. Iago his close friend was driven by jealousy to manipulate everyone he came in contact with. Othello is accepted by the Venetian leaders because his dedication to their military. When the story starts Othello’s strengths can be described as self-sacrificing and loving Desdemona wholeheartedly. Desdemona is quickly enveloped by this and expresses her love for Othello; “My heart’s subdued/Even to the very quality of my lord. / I saw Othello’s visage in his mind, /And to his honors and his valiant parts” (1.3.253-256). Desdemona is in love with Othello’s commitment to war and even points out that she was truly in love when she knew his thoughts. Othello is too trusting, insecure about himself, and he makes snap judgments. All of these weaknesses are used against him by Iago. “Chaos is come again” transforms Othello from a strong black warrior, loving husband, and trusting man into a cynical shell of his former self. Iago uses ethos to make Othello believe that he is trustworthy which helps him continue to make Othello doubt his wife. Othello's inclination to trust Iago is easily perceived, “The Moor already changes with my poison" (3.3.325), saying this shows that...
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...confidante (I.i.2-3). Does Iago share the same kind of feeling? As far as Roderigo knows, Iago is his friend, but Iago reveals his manipulative nature in this first scene. Iago trusts Roderigo with the knowledge that he serves Othello only to achieve his own goals. It is thus ironic that after Iago's lengthy confession of duplicity, Roderigo still does not suspect anything untoward in his request. Appearance vs. reality is a crucial theme in Iago's story; throughout the play, he enacts a series of roles, from advisor to confidante, and appears to be helping people though he is only acting out of his twisted self-interest. Iago seems to do a great deal of character analysis and exposition for the audience. "These fellows" that flatter for their own purposes "have some soul," Iago says (I.i.54). Contrary to his underhanded self-flattery, Iago seems to have no soul; he never repents, never lets up with his schemes, and never seems to tire of the damage he causes. His statement, "In following [Othello] I follow but myself" emphasizes that he is acting completely out of his own self-interest (I.i.58). Iago will thus hide his motivations and convey only falsehood. If he were to "wear [his] heart upon [his] sleeve", he would be torn apart (I.i.64). Honesty would destroy him. Even when he is at his most honest, in this scene with Roderigo, Iago misrepresents just how evil he truly is. Iago parallels another Shakespearean character, Richard III, in his self-awareness of his villainous...
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...often associated with virtue, courage and valour. Within Othello, Shakespeare questions the meaning behind heroism and admirability in the context of a Venetian society, in which the play is set. Through the tragic descent of Othello’s composure and his actions, the audience is left to wonder whether or not his virtue and presentation as an admirable general and hero, actually exists. Act 1 of the play presents Othello's decisions and behaviour as the epitome of virtue and valour, showing him as a high statured character - the definition of a tragic hero in Aristotelian methods, as it demands a character of greatness to suffer the greatest downfall. Although not necessarily presented as high born, he is deemed to be virtuous through his military prowess and well articulated speech; this however may be argued by the drastic change of fate within act 3 where Othello’s so called ‘valiant’ image is challenged by Iago’s ‘pestilence’ whispered with his own mind which can be seen through his brash actions and broken language, additionally it can be argued that Othello can be deemed dishonourable in his own actions in the first act of the play by his unblessed marriage to Desdemona; therefore the overall presentation and view over Othello is left to debate. Through Shakespeare’s use of dramatic methods, we as the audience are thrown straight into the action of scene 1,in the form of in media res; it is Iago that announces Othello to the audience as a ‘black ram’ and a ‘devil’, casting...
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...Compare and Contrast Willy Loman and Othello If there was a completely perfect, virtuous hero with no flaws, there would be no sense of enjoyment at watching horrible events afflicts this perfect person? Conversely, if the individual had too many flaws, vices, and moral depravity, it would not be a tragedy; it would simply have been seen as his getting what was coming to him, karma, if you will. Although Othello and Willie Loman can be said to fall within the definition of a tragic hero, each represents a very different interpretation of the concept. Othello, the tragic hero of Shakespeare’s play by that name, is an even more sympathetic character. Othello’s tragedy is orchestrated entirely by the scheming, malevolent Iago. Iago, having very little motive, creates a web of deceit by convincing Othello that his new bride, Desdemona, is unfaithful. “Receive it from me. I speak not yet of proof. Look at your wife; observe her well with Cassio, Wear your eyes thus, not jealous nor secure” (Act III, Scene III, Lines 196-198, Othello). Othello’s jealously eventually causes him to murder Desdemona by smothering her. One could argue that Othello isn’t truly a tragic hero. After all, what fatal flaw does Othello have? Aren’t all of his actions simply the result of the malicious intent of another? This cannot be true, for, if so, Othello would not be the classic it is today. An audience does not want to watch a totally innocent person randomly punished. Rather, an audience...
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...Othello Notes Reputation/Honour Importance of the theme of Reputation / Honour in Othello: The significant theme of reputation and honour is portrayed frequently throughout the novel Othello. Many of the characters in the novel carefully consider the consequences of their thoughts and actions in regards to their reputation and honour, making sure that they appear noble even when their actions are irrational and selfish. Such an example is shown when Iago appears to be simply stating the obvious about Desdemona, instead of manipulating Othello to believe his own fears. Othello is dictated by his desire to live up to his reputation, achieved through years of being a general in Venice. Reputation, used in conjunction with jealousy and trust, provide the key elements which provoke Othello’s mental disintegration shown predominantly by language techniques, into a world of mistrust and assumption. It is logical to assume that Othello’s suicide was a consequence of his need to preserve any traces of reputation left from his dedicated work as a general; from the characteristics portrayed of Othello it is implied that the act of imprisonment would crush Othello – he would no longer be an honourable citizen. In a similar way to Othello’s suicide, Iago’s sudden and unpredicted vow of silence could be assumed to also be a form of self-preservation, manipulating other characters by preventing any more damage to his reputation by not accidentally admitting details of his ignobility. ...
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...can be used against an individual in which it does not favour the victims best interest, but allows the manipulator to get a personal gain at the expense of another. Words used in this way are seen as a weapon in which it can inflict suffering and hurt to the victim. On the other hand it can have the opposite intention. It can be used in a positive way and to the benefits of both individuals. It can be uplifting, motivating, and inspirational and will often persuade individual’s interests in a helpful direction. This is how language can be used to manipulate meaning and intent and is shown clearly through William Shakespeare’s characters in the play, ‘Othello’. Language can be used against an individual to cause suffering and pain. This is through the manipulation of meaning and intent. In Shakespeare’s play ‘Othello’, Iago who is the main villain in the film uses his manipulative language to deceive other characters in such a way that it makes him both a powerful and persuasive figure. His understanding of the individuals around him and their desires lets him engage in this deceitfulness even more and persuade individuals with his lies and scheming stories. In Act 1 scene 1, the audience is straight away immersed into the action of the play. In this scene Iago already starts to manipulate Roderigo through his naivety to Iago’s doublecrossing and overall manipulation. Roderigo’s first statement states “Iago, who hast had my purse as if the strings were...
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