...THE WEST AFRICA THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY IPAJA, LAGOS, NIGERIA. COURSE TITLE: OLD TESTAMENT PROPHETS COURSE CODE: OT 614 COURSE LECTURER: PASTOR AKINOLA TOPIC: BOOK SUMMARY OF “A STUDY OF THE MAJOR AND MINOR PROPHETS OF THE OLD TESTAMENT” by Emmanuel Itapson & George E. Janvier prepared by: AYOBAMIJI JOSEPH OLUWAGUNNA March 2013 CHAPTER 1 It is pertinent to have a good understanding of hermeneutics in order to have a correct content and context concepts in the interpretation of the prophets. Because the Bible is quite uniquely different from all other types of literature – its divine Authorship and inspiration, being the major distinguishing feature and prominent hallmark, the interpretation requires divine guidance. Inspiration is the act of the Holy Spirit in leading a man to record the message of God in written documentary while Interpretation is the act of a man in determining the meaning as intended by God in the original passage and how it applies to us today. Interpretation involves skill, but more critically involves Spirit in keeping to rightness. The grammatico-historical method is generally applicable in Biblical hermeneutics to both basic, broad types of writings contained in Biblical literature. Categorized broadly as prose and poetry. Further insights is gained when there is understanding of the literature type being interpreted. Features of Old Testament prophecy: • Bible...
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...influenced by the immorality of the city resulting in all sort of problems. Paul wrote 1 Corinthians as a strong rebuke and correction of their many errors which included their divisions and factions, their pride, their immaturity, their toleration of gross sin in their midst, their taking civil suits against one another, their continued involvement with the cult, prostitutes, their confusion about marriage and singleness, their abuse of their liberty resulting in believers stumbling into sin, their preference for social styles and customs rather than Gods order, their severe abuse of the Lords Supper, their confusion about true spirituality, and their questioning of Jesus’ resurrection. The church at Corinth was a catastrophe and not a model to follow SUMMARY In the middle of his conversation on spiritual gifts, Paul refers to the "more exceptional way" of love. After first highlighting the importance of love, he then defines love by what it is and what it does. Ending with love's value of "longevity", Paul compares the fleeting nature of spiritual gifts. Though such gifts rewarded with an essential purpose, the time would come when they would end, while abilities like faith, hope, and love would endure. OUTLINE I. THE "IMPORTANCE" OF LOVE A. IN RESPECT TO SPEAKING IN TONGUES (1) 1. even if one spoke with tongues of men and of angels... 2. Without love, the person would...
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... AO1 Material: i.e. ‘what goes in part a)?’ Definitions of what a miracle is: Aquinas: ‘Those things…which are done by divine power apart from the order generally followed in things.’ Plus his threefold understanding of miracles. Hume: ‘a transgression of a law of nature by a particular volition of the deity.’ John Mackie: ‘a violation of a natural law…by divine or supernatural intervention. The laws of nature describe the ways in which the world – including of course, human beings – works when left to itself, when not interfered with. A miracle occurs when the world is not left to itself, when something distinct from the natural order as a whole intrudes into it.’ Richard Swinburne: ‘a miracle is a violation of the laws of nature, that is, a non-repeatable exception to the operation of these laws, brought about by God. Laws of nature have the form of universal statements “all As are B,” and state how bodies behave of physical necessity.’ Examples of miracles: miracles of Jesus, choir in Beatrice Nebraska. What the scholars say in favour of miracles: Aquinas: it is possible for God to bring about a miracle, providing it is not logically impossible (e.g. God could not square a circle). Keith Ward: laws of nature are probabilistic not fixed: it is possible for laws of nature to be bent. Miracles are likely to happen in the presence of deeply religious people. What scholars say against miracles: David Hume: 5 criticisms of miracles: 1. Miracles...
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...working with children and young people and part of its work is an ever-growing child sponsorship programme. It is committed to working in partnership with local communities and It believes in sustainable development For further information contact: and has adopted an approach that could Care for Uganda, be described as 22 Wrenwood, ‘hand-ups not hand-outs’ Neath SA10 7PU with other agencies seeking to deliver the Millennium Development Goals in that part of Sub Saharan Africa. Tel: 01639 632237 Email: andy@careforuganda.org An opportunity for individuals and groups to gain first hand experience of development work within a community of great need in Uganda, East Africa. Luwero is one of the districts in Uganda that suffered the effects of the National Resistance Movement liberation war which took place between 1981 and 1986. This war led to much destruction and loss of property and lives. The production, marketing structures and systems which were the major sources of livelihood were destroyed. The after effects of this war are still being felt today. Government promises to rebuild this district were put on hold as the government had to concentrate on a war against Joseph Kony’s Lord’s Resistance Army in North Uganda which lasted for twenty years. Consequently, as nothing much has happened in the way of rebuilding communities in Luwero district, many people have lost hope. Care for Uganda is working in Bbowa, one...
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...and from different parts of the world yet they all have the common theme of tragedy. How are four different plays so similar? In all four plays the characters are confronted with a change in identity, they are given false hope believing that they are going to succeed in achieving their ultimate goal, and they have human characteristics that make their story relatable to the audience making it more tragic. Most people would agree that tragedy is the demise of a character that is prefaced with false hope and ends with a change in the main character’s self-identity. What makes it tragic is that it created by human characteristics which make it relatable to the human experience. Hope keeps a person pushing forward. They have confidence in their actions and believe it will eventually lead them to the achievement of their ultimate goal. When faced with the fact that the hope you had is false hope it blocks your ambition and makes it harder to be able to strive for success. Oedipus and Othello are both given hope by their sense of nobility and by their desire to overcome an obstacle. To them it looks like things are going to get better and that they will keep their position above the people. Its human nature to want and to strive to overcome obstacles. The audience can relate with Othello and Oedipus’s struggles because most people have been in a situation where they thought things were looking up but the events turned and caused the opposite outcome. The loss of hope in both the plays...
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...defies all odds. The fated quest of the Endurance and its crew is a lesson of perseverance, intuition, social skill, and adaptability. Shackleton’s integrity was challenged before the Endurance even left port in England with the start of World War I. The captain was willing to sacrifice men and ship for the war effort after months of preparation and planning. He was a man that was searching for greatness, while keeping things simple and calm. At the core of this born leader’s personality was optimism and with generosity combined with sympathy for the crew, he made everyone feel like they were part of the team. Amidst everything working against the crew of the Endurance from being trapped in the pack ice, trying to march to the water, rowing through waters that none of us can even imagine in very small boats and being marooned on Elephant Island the crew maintained one thing. Hope. This one element dominated all the rest and was made the reality of the crew because of the realistic but optimistic expectations and vision of Ernest Shackleton. According to Robert Goffee and Gareth Jones in our readings HBR’s 10 Must Reads on Leadership, “Inspirational leaders rely heavily on their instincts...we call them good situation sensors, and by that we mean that they can collect and interpret soft data. They can sniff out the signals in the environment and sense what’s going on without having anything spelled out for them.” (Goffee 86) This is something Ernest Shackleton embodied...
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...Psalm 46 is recognized by most scholars a community song of confidence. The stanzas and refrains represent features of a confession and a declarative statement of trust. However, after several observations of Psalm 46, I have found that there is a lot of debate as to the classification of this Psalm. In this essay, I will present scholars that dare to differ on their views on Psalm 46, and I will conclude with a critical examination of their viewpoints. Psalm 46 is the first of the Songs of Zion. According to Walter, Psalm 46 demonstrates a prophetic message of hope. The Songs of Zion (Ps. 46, 48, 76, 84, 87,122) feature the importance and meaning of Jerusalem in the Lord’s relationship to his people and the world. In Psalm 46, “Zion...
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...Courage and Moral Leadership 5/16/14 Dr. Alvin Lee Strayer University Analyze the qualities that mirror courage and moral leadership in the leader, and document those qualities (moral traits) as discussed by Daft (2010) (Chapter 6: Courage and Moral Leadership). Martin Luther King, Jr. was the mirror image of a moral and courageous leader. Dr. King upheld his morality principles as well as set examples for his followers. Dr. King had special virtues in which he lived and they was love, courage, hope amongst others. " Love, courage, hope, non conformity, and impatience were embodied in the sit-ins, boycotts, and marches, in which King himself was often a participant" (Rice 2004). Dr. King wanted his followers to be just and kind and to not use oppression as a crutch. Despite being spit on, sprayed with a hose and verbally assaulted he was able to manage frustration and anger and continue his peaceful rally. Dr. King was not one to hold his tongue especially about issues concerning his people. In one instance researchers say " King lamented Negroes' lack of "initiative," lambasted blacks for spending above their means, and expressed no patience with blacks who had "used their oppression as an excuse for mediocrity" (Rice 2004). King was well disciplined and courageous in his efforts. He spoke courage through to his followers to keep them encourage and give them strength. He believed “courage does not entail indifference to danger any more than it...
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...March 2016 International Women’s Day: Celebrating the Good News International Women’s Day, March 8,is a time to celebrate what has been accomplished by and for women.There is much to celebrate! This month also marks the arrival of Easter, March 27,when we celebrate the good news that God so loved women that he sent his Son, Jesus Christ, to pay for their sins on the cross and give them life everlasting. While on Earth, Jesus went against the customs of the times that treated women as inferior. Jesus made it a priority to speak to women, touch them, and be touched by them. Women were not excluded from his list of friends, helpers, and students. He treated women with dignity and respect when others wanted him to condemn and ignore them. Jesus understood their every need, emotion, and longing. Hecame to offer women the gift of salvation and to give them “life, and have it to the full” (John 10:10). Jesus then calls women as well as mento “go and make disciples of all nations” (Matthew 28:19). And in 2016 there is more good newsfor women. God israising up a generation that cares passionately about justice. Today, many are striving to end domestic violence, rape, slavery, and human trafficking. Many are working toward providing clean water to deprived communities. More medical teams are treating women who are suffering from female genital cutting,fistula,and lack of care during pregnancy and delivery. Infant and mother mortality rates are dropping. In some countries, the...
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...seated at the right hand of God the Father Almighty. He will come again to judge the living and the dead. I believe in the Holy Spirit, the Holy Catholic Church, the communion of saints, the forgiveness of sins, the resurrection of the body, and life everlasting. Amen. STEP 3: Say 1 "Our Father": Our Father, Who art in heaven, Hallowed be Thy Name. Thy Kingdom come, Thy Will be done, On earth as it is in Heaven. Give us this day, our daily bread, And forgive us our trespasses, as we forgive those who trespass against us. And lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from evil. Amen. STEP 4: Say 3 "Hail Mary's": (For the virtues of Faith, Hope and Charity) Hail Mary, Full of Grace, The Lord is with thee. Blessed art thou among women, and blessed is the fruit of thy womb, Jesus. Holy Mary, Mother of God, pray for us sinners now, and at the hour of death. Amen. STEP 5: Say 1 "Glory Be": Glory be to the Father, and to the Son, and to the Holy Spirit. As it was in the beginning, is now, and ever shall be, world without end. Amen. STEP 6: The Rosary Breakdown: The Holy Rosary consists of 20 decades. A decade consists of: 1 Our Father 10 Hail Mary's 1 Glory Be. To pray an entire Rosary, you must pray 20 times the "Our...
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...Patrick Henry’s “Give Me Liberty or Give Me Death!” Response to Prompt 1 HIUS 221 Patrick Henry was a man of ideals. He was not satisfied with belief alone; he was prone to defend those beliefs if he felt them threatened. He refused to merely pay lip service to his ideals and hope for the best, he would stand and fight if he must. This was the message he wished to relay to his fellow Virginians; a call to action. He implored his fellow patriots not to ignore the threat of war while meagerly wishing for another path, but to embrace the fact that all paths had been trodden and that war for the sake of liberty was unavoidable. In his speech he spoke of, “warlike preparations which cover our waters and darken our land” and questioned the necessity of such acts if reconciliation was the objective. Henry argued that these were not tools of debate but of subjugation no matter what the disguise. “Is it that insidious smile with which our petition has been lately received? Trust it not, sir; it will prove a snare to your feet. Suffer not yourselves to be betrayed with a kiss.” By the end of his speech he addressed his desire explicitly. He wished to go to war. “We must fight! I repeat it, sir, we must fight! An appeal to arms and to the God of hosts is all that is left us!” Henry justified the need for war by appealing to the highest power. He stated clearly that there was only one King he would ultimately answer to. “Should I keep back my opinions at such a time, through...
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...Emotion The game had the makings of the next blockbuster movie. Back and forth scoring, leads changing hands constantly, an injury to a huge part of a team, a home run, and a walkoff win. This game was anything except normal. A combined 25 runs and 23 hits between the two teams. Pitching about as sharp as a dull knife, not even Nolan Ryan could’ve stopped these bats that day in May. Harding raced out to an early 2-0 over Humboldt only to see the lead vanish over the next two innings; surrendering 5 unanswered runs. In the bottom of the 3rd, the Knights got the bases loaded and came through with scoring 3 runs to tie the game at 5. In the top of the 4th the Hawks scored on a HBP(Hit by pitch) to gain another slight advantage at 6-5. In the bottom half of the 4th, Wasmundt and Alonzo doubled runs home and Holmstrom had an rbi single to take an 8-6 lead into the 5th. With the rate of scoring that was going on, Harding could’ve won this game by a landslide, but the last few innings said otherwise. Sloppy pitching by the Knights and porous defense triggered another tie game at 8 apiece in the top of the 5th. The perseverance didn’t stop for the Knights as they tallied 3 runs in the bottom half of the inning thanks in large part to 2 walks and 3 hits. Just when Harding thought their lead was safe, they had another rough inning defensively surrendering 4 more runs giving up their 3 run lead. A total of 4 walks, a fielders choice, an error, and 1 hit led to the carnage...
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... 1 November 2015 Mrs. Serna AP Lit Chapters 1-5 discussion Chapter 3 1. Nanny is more practical with her idea of love. She sees it as something that has to happen at one point. Nanny was most like forced to marry as well so she doesn’t believe in the idea of marrying for love. Janie has a fairy tale dream of love and marriage. She believes that to marry someone means that you need to be in love with the person in order to be happy. Nanny is more practical while Janie is more romantic. 2. There seems to be a tone of resignation. When Janie is forced to marry, her dreams of finding true love in marriage are crushed. She is beginning to realize that her dreams wouldn’t happen and she feels resignation. Nanny also feels resignation in a sense that her attempts to give Janie what she thought would be a successful life, would ultimately fail because she was obviously not happy about it. Nanny also realizes that she has done all that she can for Janie at this point and proceeds to give up....
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...I am a student at Carleton College, and for a class I was asked to read a section of your novel The God Delusion. I have read sections of it before during personal crises of faith, and you’ve made some fascinating points, there is one, unfortunately, that I feel must be addressed and reconsidered. The idea that religion is a form of mental illness. With that argument were two faulty points that could be reworded or reconsidered. The idea that religion arrived through a neurological accident that genetically drifted throughout the population. That your view is inherently true, and without question the best and and most logical. First, your view of the cause of religion. I admit that I cannot argue against your view’s possibility, but that it is unlikely and relies on faulty reasoning. If religion evolved as an accident, as all other biological processes did from a purely scientific standpoint, then the fact that it took up a major biological dominance over the population is highly unlikely to be caused by genetic drift alone. While it is possible, you seem to ignore the possibility that religion has a survival benefit for...
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...According to Max Weber, religion emerges to satisfy a social need. “In treating suffering as a symptom of odiousness in the eyes of gods and as a sign of secret guilt, religion has psychologically met a very general need (Weber 271). Rastafarianism emerges in the slums of Kingston, Jamaica in the 1930’s to meet the needs of the poor, unskilled black Jamaicans who needed a hope. The social situation which was emerging in the 1930’s which called for this need was as follows. Jamaica was a commonwealth of the British Empire. It had recently, around 1884, received a write in clause to their constitution which stipulated if the new government did not succeed and the economic life of Jamaica were to suffer because of it, the political constitution would be amended or abolished to meet new conditions. Black Jamaicans had a taste for power in their mouths and in 1938, this erupted in labor riots and violence. This act did nothing for their cause. It would still be 30 years until Jamaica received its independence. Blacks in Jamaica were the victims of social stratification which left them at the bottom rung of the ladder. They had menial jobs such as field worker or an attendant at the sugar plant, if they had jobs at all. The blacks were suffering as a people and as an organized group. Ethopianism had been introduced to Jamaica in 1784 by George Liele, by adding it to the name of his Baptist church, hoping to graft itself onto the African religion of Jamaican slaves. But the movement...
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