...The purpose of this paper will be to discuss in detail current public housing assistance policies and Housing Choice Voucher Program Section 8 in the United States. Additionally, the history of public housing, the population affected, current developments, effectiveness, opposition, and possibilities for improvement will be discussed. Government funded housing includes tenant-based rental subsidies and public housing. Tenant-based rental subsidies include rental vouchers that allow an individual enrolled in the program to secure housing in a privately owned rental. This is commonly known as the Section 8 program. Public housing is project-based housing owned and operated by a local housing authority (Hetling & Botein, 2013). Purpose...
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...briefly introduce the changes of the housing policy in China, and try to analyze the reason of the continuous increasing price of the house in China, and try to propose a solution to the problem. A/the changes of the housing policy in China, A series of government measures designed to cool the housing market and battle rising home prices. Changes are rapidly happening. Transactions have stalled and housing prices are failing in cities across the country. Property controls will be relaxed at the same time the word from central government officials and others is restrictions will continue firmly in place. China aims to bring home prices down to a reasonable level to ensure fairness and stability. From Stimulus to Cooling The Chinese government's efforts to control inflation of property prices they begin to pay? According to the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS), the real estate prices in China fell in July in more cities in June. Prices of existing homes fell in 22 major Chinese cities and remained stable in 12. In order to stop land speculation and the fight against inflation in housing prices in major cities, the Chinese government has implemented a number of measures. So buying a third apartment is prohibited residents of large cities. Chongqing and Shanghai have also tightened the conditions of access to credit and introduced a land tax when purchasing a second well to limit the number of transactions and the fight against the threat of a housing bubble. Authorities have adopted...
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...Impact of different window types in regulating natural ventilation of residential buildings of Dhaka, Bangladesh |Md. Nymul Haque¹ |Jinia Sharmeen² | |haque.nymul@gmail.com |jinia_lima@hotmail.com | Abstract Natural ventilation is most desirable for cooling and providing fresh air in residential buildings for better indoor air quality and thermal comfort. The natural ventilation performance is affected by a combination of internal and external factors. External factors include the location, the orientation, the prevailing wind speeds and the building forms of the residential development, which are subject to constraints beyond the control of site planners and architects. Whilst for internal factors like the openings configurations and window types, site planners and architects are always given free hand for a proper design. Dhaka, a city in the Tropics, has become such a city where with rapid urbanization users are moving towards mechanically ventilated buildings putting ever increasing demand on the dwindling energy resources. This paper focuses on the influences of window types on the natural ventilation of residential units in Dhaka in order to improve quality of indoor living environment. Primary objective of the study is an attempt to investigate...
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...History The area first developed about two hundred years ago in what was then the village of Holbeck. Activities such as flax spinning, iron casting and machine manufacturing were carried out in a range of steam-powered mills and workshops. Interspersed amongst these mills and factories were hundreds of families living in poor conditions in back to back houses. Why was an urban village created? The northern part of Holbeck is an area that is in need of major regeneration and in which there is now strong developer interest. It is also an area that is of great importance both historically, as the cradle of the industrial revolution in Leeds, and architecturally, with two conservation areas and a number of listed buildings including the Grade I Temple Works. The special nature of this area merits a special response from developers that respects the scale and quality of its important buildings, the diversity of the area and its potential to develop into a sustainable community. It was clear from the early schemes to re-develop the area a decade or so ago that this was not happening and that the special quality of the area was being lost. In order for the future of Holbeck to be sustainable, the traditional principles of a village, which include a mixture of living, working and recreational opportunities, need to be adopted. It appeared to be appropriate to regenerate the area as an urban village and the Urban Villages Forum (which promotes urban villages) confirms this. The area...
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...INTRODCTION Housing is both a social good, providing core security for families, neighbourhoods, societies and communities and an economic good stimulation growth and development. The country faces acute housing shortage with a deficit of over 1 million housing units in the midst of rapid population growth and rising urban population. It is common knowledge that the Housing deficit in Ghana now stands well over one (1) million houses. To address this deficit and accommodate new households, there is the need for an annual delivery of about 150,000 units for the next 20 years. GREDA PROBLEM DEFINITION The rate of construction of homes for a number of reasons has fallen behind the growth of population in general and the number of people entering the working class. This has created a big deficit in the country's housing delivery system, particularly in the urban centers. Needs assessment survey conducted in the housing sector in the 2000's was conclusive that the ideal housing properties on high demand are 2-4 bedroom houses in view of the large family size they tend to have. The trend in population growth coupled with the rising cost of building materials has shot up the prices of houses and rent chargeable is exorbitant. The size of the market for residential properties is large as it covers Ghanaian national's resident abroad. The general consensus is that the houses constructed are of poor quality and the finishing fall short of the dream houses that potential homeowners are...
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...Homelessness Policy in Atlanta Many people have become homeless in the US cities due to lack of affordable housing. Atlanta city ranks second with a percentage of 1.4 homeless people who do not have a place to call home or live in inadequate housing. Homelessness is an issue which if it continues without authorities checking it, could result into negative effects both socially and economically. Increased number of homeless people in the city results to increased crime rate because these people have to compete for available public space. Homeless people have the capability of doing anything by breaking the law leading to massive incarceration. Many homeless people would be exposed to criminal justice overstretching the incarceration facilities thus pressuring tax payers more (O’Sullivan, 2012). Moreover, homeless people are exposed to illnesses and health complications and this becomes a burden to emergency care and taxpayers. All citizens are entitled to equitable distribution of social services and homeless people are not an exception. Economically homelessness impact both domestic and foreign tourism that contribute more to the economy. Tourists are scared off by panhandlers and many social events could be adversely affected by increased number of homeless people in the city. Consequently, the value of properties is affected by homelessness since they congregate on undesirable conditions which lower the value of properties. The policy of housing and urban development...
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...Introduction to Public Policy Dr. Phillip Neely Strayer University April 22, 2014 One thing is common across any walk of life shelter is a necessity that cannot be avoided or neglected. Housing is not always affordable to every citizen, but that should not stop people from having a place to lay their head at night. In this assignment two state policies proposals will be discussed and they are Assistant Rental Housing and Housing for seniors and disabled workers. Within discussing what these organizations consist of there will also be discussion of the historical perspective of the policies and the reason they were enacted. Next, an analysis of the social, economic, and political environments of when the policies were passed. Also, the interest groups that are for and against the policies. Lastly, the change that the policies have affected within different communities around the country. Some people are able to afford extravagant housing but for people who can no longer work or cannot manage to pay for of their bills these policies help change their lives. Assistance for housing began under a new deal act, which was the U.S. Housing Act of 1937. Under this Act people who had lost their homes under different circumstances were able to receive housing. Also, under many acts that would follow the original act many different programs were put in place to help such as Housing and Community and Development Act, Section 8 Housing, and the Fair Housing Amendments Act. The premise...
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...his or her family. The basic needs for homeless veterans are shelter, medical, and other problems he or she may have. In this assignment advocacy will be defined and the problems veterans are facing. In addition, this assignment will recommend a plan to meet challenges. Finally, the assignment will include how an advocate assists with housing, treatment, short, and long-term medical care, probation education, and domestic violence. Advocacy The definition for advocacy is active support for or recommendation of a particular cause or policy. Also advocacy is the profession or work of a legal advocate. Defending helpless people from taken advantage of, this could include going to curt on the client behalf. Helping to develop new homeless veteran programs in remote areas, the advocate must be familiar with existing programs and the needs of the community is the primary issues for advocacy to address. The advocate empowers the veteran and helps the client set goals for short and long-term achievement. Educating veterans or clients about resources and locating available resources is a help for the homeless, and the advocate must work to change policies that limit the abilities of veterans (Department of Veterans Affairs, 2011). Problems Facing Homeless Veterans The problems homeless veterans face is obtaining services for personal, situational, and bureaucratic barriers. Limited money, negative public perception, and several service providers have dehumanized procedures within the...
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...to live?". The object of this thesis(in depth reporting) "Sanying tribe" is considered to be unapproved construction project beside the river, and it has been being ordered to demolish since 1990. As a result, their life have been going from bad to worse. Then, they organized a self-help organization to protest themselves, and they have been getting a lot of public support for years. For solving the inhabitation problem, the government promote the Social Housing Policy , which emphasize that "rent it, not buy it", trying to reduce the cost of living. After a long-term resist, the Sanying tribe win a chance of the reconstruction plan, which is based on "Social Housing" , trying to re-build a "New Homeland" in city. This reports tried to find the answers for the following questions: 1. What the differences between the former relocation due to demolition, which called ''Public Housing of Sanxia, street Long En Bu" and the present reconstruction plan? 2. What will be the result of the combination of the "Social Housing" and " Aboriginal Tribe Reconstruction"? Does this new reconstruction plan meet the needs of the residents, especially for their cultural needs? How does this plan avoid doing the same defects as the other tribes reconstruction plan? After interviews and researches, I found that...
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...The Section 8 program is also known as the Housing Choice Voucher Program. The program is a Federal Government housing or rent assistance program. It provides different forms of housing assistance to low income renters and even homeowners. The main people who receive this assistance are low income individuals or families who are living in poverty, the elderly, and the disabled. This program helps families to afford decent, safe, and sanitary housing. This can be single-family homes, townhouses, and apartments. The families that qualify for the assistance it pays the monthly rental fee for the homes and apartments that are located anywhere. There are many public housing agencies that certify the tenants and the people who participate in the...
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...FINANCE GLOBAL VIEW 3 HOUSING STRATEGY 4 CONDITIONS TO FACILITATE LENDING 8 DEMAND AND SUPPLY FOR HOUSING 8 TANZANIA HOUSING FINANCE THEORY 10 CHAPTER THREE 12 FINDINGS 12 Demand for housing finance 12 Current Condition in Tanzania 12 Access to Housing Finance 13 HOUSING POLICY AND HOUSING MARKET 14 ACCESS TO HOUSING FINANCE MAIN CHALLENGES 18 CHAPTER FOUR 21 CONCLUSIONS 21 References; 22 Abstract We examine the extent to which markets enable the provision of housing finance across a wide range of Regions in Tanzania. Housing is a major purchase requiring long-term financing, and the factors that are associated with well functioning housing finance systems are those that enable the provision of long-term finance. Across all countries, controlling for country size, we find that countries with stronger legal rights for borrowers and lenders (through collateral and bankruptcy laws), deeper credit information systems, and a more stable macroeconomic environment have deeper housing finance systems. These same factors also help explain the variation in housing finance across emerging market economies. Across developed countries, which tend to have low macroeconomic volatility and relatively extensive credit information systems, variation in the strength of legal rights helps explain the extent of housing finance. CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION Because of its apparent social and political importance, housing finance for the poor seems an area ripe for policy and regulatory intervention...
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...The current housing assistance program in the United States does not adequately meet the needs of those it was intended to serve. The program that is in place selects qualified applicants based on their employment status. This excludes many who are in need of the provided resources. To improve adequacy, house assistance policies need to adapt to include those who are without employment, including the elderly and disabled. 2. Equity Housing assistance has been shown to help a small group of individuals, while excluding many more. Strides have been made, however, to improve equity. The implementation of Section 8 policies has allowed individuals to choose their own home and community, rather than being placed in a housing project by the government. This situation allows for individuals that receive housing assistance to feel less excluded from the community. 3. Efficiency Current housing assistance policies have not been thoroughly researched to determine their effectiveness. Preliminary research has shown that many problems do exist, as mentioned above. Further studies are required to determine the cost effectiveness and long-term outcomes of governmental housing...
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...LITRATURE 8 2.1.MATERIALS MANAGEMENT 8 2.2. OBJECTIVES OF MATERIALS MANAGEMENT 9 2.3. PRICE DETERMINATION 10 2.4. INFLATION 13 2.5. HOUSING THE POOR 13 2.6. Integrated Housing development program 17 2.7. Hawassa city housing development project office 19 2.8. Different type of houses and price of transferring 20 CHAPTER THREE 21 3. DATA PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION 21 3.1. Beneficiary (dwellers) characteristics (sample population) 21 3.2.1. TYPE OF HOUSES ASSIGNED FOR BENEFICIARY IN THE SAMPLE…. 25 3.2.2. DWELLERS WILLINGNESS TO BUY HOUSES 26 3.2.3. PRICE OF HOUSES AND THE FACTORS THAT AFFECTS THE PRICE OF HOUSES ………………………………………………………………………………...26 3.2.4.CONSTRUCTION MATERRIALS AND THE MARKET PRIC………………..27 3.2.5.GENERAL OPINION OF DWELLERS 28 3.2.6. PRICE OF CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS AND BENEFICIARY OPINION.29 CHAPTER FOUR 33 4. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION 33 4.1. CONCLUSION 33 4.2 RECOMMENDATION --------------------------------------------------------------------- 34 Bibliography………………………………………………………………. 36 Appendix I …………………………………………………………… 37 Appendix II ………………………………………………………… 38 CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY Ethiopian urban centers face a number of socio-economic problems. Unemployment, poverty, weak economic base, growing housing problem and slum dwelling with a weak...
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...the same interest to make money for their company. The main focal company in this debate is SunCal, while Disney is considered a company, they are looked at as a stakeholder because stakeholder refers to a person or group that is affected by an organization’s decision or operations (Lawrence & Weber 2011), while at the current time (with no housing being built yet) Disney is merely a nonmarket stakeholders. This of course could change if housing is built and Disney and Suncal, now operating inside of the resort area, are conducting business with each other. Do to the fact that no houses were built all parties involved are considered nonmarket stakeholders to SunCal. These nonmarket stakeholders are Disney employees who stand to gain from the subsidized lower income housing. The city of Anaheim, who’s choice to change the zoning of the resort area to allow for personal family dwellings or can choose to deny the request. As well as other companies in the resort area who would lose building space as a result of the housing development. All of these current nonmarket stakeholders could change to market stakeholders if this housing track is built. A market stakeholder differs from a nonmarket stakeholder in that the market stakeholder is not just affected by the company’s actions, but are engaged in economic trade with a company (Lawrence & Weber 2011). I think that it should be pointed out that Disney was not...
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...social housing. The shortage of homes after the First World War forced the Government to subsidise the first council house building programme. While the Labour Party supported general needs housing for all - the Conservatives only wanted to fill the gap created by the shortage of the war and hoped that the free market would soon pick up. Between the wars there were on-off bursts of council house building.The depression of the 1920s and 1930s led to a return to social housing as a "sanitary" policy and subsidies were only given to house people from slum clearance areas. Social housing became a welfare safety net again - until housing shortages after the Second World War - and tenant direct action - led to another building boom. Housing Policy 1915-1939 1915 Rent and Mortgage Restrictions Act: Set limits on private sector rents as a result of rent strikes 1919 Addison Act: Brings in government subsidies for council house building 1923 Chamberlain Act: No more subsidies for council house building just for private builders or building for sale 1923 Increase of Rent and Mortgage Interest: Ends rent controls on new private sector tenancies 1924 Wheatley Act: New Labour government gives higher subsidy for council house building with contribution from the rates 1930 Greenwood Act: Links council house building to slum clearance, with subsidies according to people rehoused, differential rents and new rent rebates 1933 Housing Act: Ended subsidies for general needs housing - council...
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