...loss of their sacred homeland which they had lived on for ages before any European had set foot in the Americas. These people were the Native American nations of the southeastern part of the the U.S., and the name of this migration was given the name the Trail of Tears. The migration of the Trail of Tears started i when President Andrew Jackson signed the Indian Removal Act in 1930, which was setup up to rid the new American land of all natives and free it for all the new English settlers. This gradual process of removing these 46,000 natives tribes took place over a seven year span, between 1930-1937. This inter-regional migration of the the Native American tribes included the Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, and the Seminole peoples. They were all from the southeastern areas of the newly colonized United States. Though the natives were not removed immediately when the English settlers arrived to America, because most of them did feel the natives did have a right to their land. For example, when the Europeans arrived in the early 1540’s the Cherokee peoples still lived in the Appalachian mountain area. English settlers started moving into Cherokee land more and more, and even signed treaties with them to settle trade agreements. Eventually the English had over run the Cherokee and practically forced them into selling their lands. These natives where very dependent on...
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...Native American Relocation Native American culture and its role in American history have always been a fascinating subject. There have been reading assignments on Native American’s removal and resistance, Black Hawk and his rebellion, and Emerson’s letter to President Van Buren. These pieces gave us a brief overview of America’s goals at the time, the action they took to achieve these goals, the Native Americans’ reaction, and the opinions held by the American people. These readings only scratched the surface of Native Americans and the role they have played in American History. The main cause of the interaction between Americans and the Native Americans was an increase in demand for land by Americans. As they pushed west and south, the frequency of interactions with Native Americans increased and so did hostility. I am aware that land demand issues were normally approached at first with peaceful negations. The American government would meet with the tribes and develop a treaty that resulted in less land for the Native Americans and more land for Americans. This would satisfy the Americans for a period of time but demand for land would just continue to increase. At this point Indians would either get restless and rebellions would ensue or Americans would violate the treaties and make moves on the Native’s land. In either situation the superior force of the American troops would result in them defeating the Indians. The Indians would then be forced to comply with American demands...
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...Arkansas River. This was beneficial to them because not only did they use the river for fresh water for them and their livestock. The route was used because it was easier for navigation purposes. Based on your examination of the map, why did some Cherokee first travel north before heading west to the Indian Reservations? Based on my examination of the map the Cherokee traveled north before heading west because they were following the water. They not only used this method for land navigation, but also for fresh water and food. Which major U.S. cities are located within the areas that are described as “Ceded Lands”? Orlando, Fl, Atlanta, GA, Knoxville, TN, Memphis, TN, and Montgomery, AL, are some of the major cities that were tribal land. Is there a relationship between the ceded areas and major cities? If not, why might these areas have been determined to be desirable? I do believe there was a...
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...Historically, the United States of America and Native American Nations was full of tumultuous occurrences of ecocide, ethnocide and genocide. One of the most prevalent situations of their interactions was the Trail of Tears, which resulted in lasting effects on the Cherokee and Choctaw Nations. It was an act of genocide against the Cherokee and Choctaw Nations by the United States of America. Today, these Nations still feel the impact of this atrocious event and continue to tell stories of the horrific experiences that their people endured. The event stemmed out of the white settler expansion into the South during the early 19th century. White settlers wanted to acquire high yield land from Native American Nations for growing cotton. Native American people were standing in the way of progress for white settlers and the United States did not uphold their agreement with these nations. Thus these communities were forcefully removed to a distant and foreign land that resulted in the death of many of their...
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...place while the French were still uncertain of how they wanted to run their government. This purchase was beneficial for the expansion of Farming. They also discover the Cherokee native that help the new people move through the land. Lewis and Clark were the people who went to the land first to see what was there and they were guided by a lovely young Cherokee Native called Sacagawea. 2. Whiskey Rebellion: Is an implementation of a 25 % tax on whiskey farmer so can make a profit by raising the price of Whiskey. This idea was created by Alexander Hamilton. John Neville the tax collector filled taxes on 75 farmers and distillers in Pennsylvania causing a tax invasion May of 1794. Many of the colonist were mad because they had no say in the matter and they were not willing to pay the tax. Oh the irony. With this tax being applied in July around 7000 Pennsylvania farmers plan an attack on Pittsburg. President George Washington sent 13,000 troops and by September they backed off. 3. Articles of Confederation: I like to...
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...The book Jacksonland is a narrative of two widely known men in history. The two men were President Andrew Jackson and Cherokee chief John Ross. Inskeep begins his tale in 1814 during the Battle of Horseshoe Bend. During this time, Jackson was already known from his involvement in politics and his victory in a battle during the War of 1812. The second man throughout this narrative story is John ross. John ross a mixed-race Cherokee politician and diplomat who represented one of the Five Civilized Tribes in a court case over land. This case ended up going all the way to the supreme court. At stake in this court case was the land of the Five Civilized Tribes, who had adopted the ways of white settlers such as cultivating farms and sending children to school, in order to please and try to blend in with others. The case starts with Jackson acquiring land as a general and most of this land was known as the Cherokee Nation. They had lived on this land for many years and saw things differently than Andrew did when it came to...
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...of for that matter. The men proceed to introduce themselves and tell you how they’ve moved to the area for a fresh start and a new beginning. After the conversation they leave and move onto the next house. About a month later they come back and knock again. This time you answer the door and they begin to have a normal conversation. About half way through they begin to tell you how nice your house is and how much they’d love to have it. They then proceed to walk into your house uninvited. They then tell you that they will be taking your house and you will need to pack up and leave. They also tell you that if you begin to attempt to fight back against their wishes they will kill you on the spot. How would you feel if this happened to you and your family? This is what happened to the Cherokee tribe and their homeland. The whites came into their homeland, which they occupied for years and years prior, and took over. They gave the Cherokee absolutely no choice on whether they would like to leave their land for the whites or not. The whites came in and handed the Cherokee an ultimatum stating they needed to leave or be killed. This crippled the Cherokee tribe leaders and their families as well as their well-built villages and what not. Back during this time things were getting dicey between the whites and the Indians. President Jackson was adamant about removing the Indians as were many of the other Americans. Not many people like to really think about it and put themselves in the Indians...
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...Fernando 11-11-08 HIST-281 WI Research Paper Rough Draft Native Americans in the Civil War The American Civil War was fought between the Unions, from the northern region of America, and the Confederacy, from the southern region of America. A war that was started because of slavery and fought between western europeans and incidentally people who live on the land such as Native American. The battles fought were all over the land in America. So, if a territory was on the land, then the people who lived there would inevitably get involved with the war. Battles were fought on indian territory, and as a result many Native Americans got involved in with the Civil War. The reason why Native Americans got involved in the Civil War was because they were recruited by the Confederate or the Union to fight for their territory. Between 1861 to 1865 Native Americas fought truculently for themselves in each battle in the Civil War. It was their right to fight for territory, which gave them a choice to fight or another choice to move their lifestyle and their culture to another place. The territory that the Native Americans had were so important to them because of the natural resources and knowledge they had from the land. Moving to a different place would be difficult because they would have to start over from nothing. Many Native Americas thought they could try and avoid the war, but it was uneasy to ignore the Civil War. Native American tribes would try to completely avoid confutation between...
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...Before the Europeans first came to the United States and had their first contact with the American Indians, there were numerous of unique indigenous cultures that have been uniquely formed by their landscapes and history. A tribe’s language, worldviews, knowledge and religion come from their local lands, shaping them to be who they are. Though every American Indian tribe has the belief of bringing harmony, respect and balance amongst the human community and the natural world, each illustrates these beliefs differently depending ones cultural values, knowledge and worldviews. American Indian tribes can differ from one another in many ways relating to ceremonies, prayers, songs, medicine, and other rituals, expressing their own unique cultural values. Their homelands, as well as the mountains, caves, and rivers all carry some kind of symbolic meanings and purposes relating to their culture understanding. For instance, the Yaqui tribe is known to perform deer songs and dances, a central ritual within their culture, that allows them to spiritually be, live, connect or communicate with one’s universe (Evers and Molina). Whereas for another tribe, such as the Tewa, perform their own unique rituals. The Cherokee tribe is one of the many indigenous tribes in North America that have been shaped by their local landscape and history. Like every American Indian tribe, the Cherokee consists of many different cultural worldviews, traditions, and beliefs that brought them to express their culture...
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...Loss of Centeredness, Native Americans and Europeans American Intercontinental University Topics in Cultural Studies Huma215-1204B-07 By: Angela L. Byus Abstract This paper discusses The Five Civilized Tribes known as the Choctaw, Creek, Seminole, Chickasaw and the Cherokee and how life was for them before the invasion and settlement of the Europeans. The loss of centeredness is described not only for the Native Americans but also for the Europeans who suffered before reaching America. The loss of centeredness is described where any culture who have to immigrate and change their way of life from what they knew. The Native Americans were not the only culture to have suffered through these tragic events as with the Irish during the Potato famine along with Paris, France and London where living conditions were one of destitution and horror which led to the migration to the Americas. Within the body of the paper are in-text citations and following the body of the paper are the references. Native Americans, way before the nineteenth century consisted of many different cultural groups of peoples from the Subarctic inland of Alaska and Canada around over to Northeast Canada’s Atlantic coast and over to North Carolina and inland to Missippi. The southeast and winding around to the north of the Gulf of Mexico and flipping to the south and northeast. Each culture of the indigenous peoples was unique in their own way. Some were expert farmers, some civilized in their...
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...two sides of a story to be told. You’ve probably heard of the Americans winning the west from the Mexicans and Native Americans, but probably not how the Indians suffered the loss. The Americans wanted land to keep expanding their country so they kept taking and taking from the Indians until they had nothing left. The Indians tried to offer peace and kindness, and in return, the whites did nothing to help them. If it wasn’t for the Indians that helped the Europeans when they first landed, they would have died, and the Indians could have lived peacefully. But that wasn’t the case, instead, whites were corrupted by greed and violence to stop and think about how they were harming the natives. As boatloads of Europeans were coming from the east, coasts became more crowded, so they needed more land....
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...Life of a Native American Cultural Diversity January 14, 2012 Trina Hines Native Americans may be considered some sort of an outcast in our country but they are really the original founders of the United States. My people were the ones that were here when the European settlers arrived and began to explore the United States. It was a very awkward and complicated situation because they came over to the Americas with intentions to claim the land for themselves and settle here, when we thought the land was already our own. As part of our good nature, our leaders did try to negotiate the land and our living situations with the European leaders to the best of their ability. Many people may not understand how difficult the life of a Native American used to be like when we first began to come across those of other races and face the issues of everyday living amongst them. It has constantly been a long hard road for us of Native American race and culture. Our people were considered the first to live in the Americas, prior to the people of European descent, thus giving us the name Native Americans. Although we tried to cooperate with the European people and come to an agreement over the land, we were successful to no avail. The Europeans turned to methods such as scalping to torture my people and make us give up the most valued land. When this began to happen, many of our group decided to retreat to our own areas...
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...General Francis Marion, the legendary American Revolutionary War figure, has been enshrined in books, television, and movies. Separating the mythos from the man is nearly impossible. Marion’s first biography was a collection of memoirs written several years after his death by Peter Horry, a close friend and subordinate in the army. Mason Weems, notable for his somewhat fanciful biography of George Washington, compiled the notes, expanded on them, and added his own embellishments. Later scholars have attempted to discern the facts, but the Horry/Weems biography is the only significant source of information about Marion’s life prior to proving himself as a capable partisan military leader. However, some points are clear: Marion’s decisive leadership,...
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...because to his knowledge it “seemed so unlike Houston” (39). Along with believing the speech was incorrect, Crisp also does thorough research on the speech and then uses this research to prove that the speech given is wrong. Also as Crisp does his research, he finds out two surprising discoveries on Houston’s speech and how it had been recorded. When reading Houston’s speech initially, it is easy for the reader to infer that he is showing strong racial prejudice against the Tejanos. “The last drop of blood would flow before we would bow under the yoke of these half-Indians.” (38). It seems that the speech was used to turn the Tejanos into the ultimate enemy. Houston accused them of letting the Americans “struggle without any aid” (38), and went on to say that Americans and Mexican “will never get along together” (38). After reading the speech Crisp is completely stunned and confused that Houston would use such harsh words against all Mexicans. Crisp explains that his disbelief comes from his “childhood image of Sam Houston, the adopted Cherokee”(39), and his “long and friendly relationship with Native Americans” (39). With a name like the adopted Cherokee, How could Houston all of a sudden turn anti-Mexican? Because of this Crisp was forced to believe that the speech was wrong and says, “The speech contradicted much of what I thought I had learned in more than two decades of investigating the causes and consequences of the Texas Revolution” (39). Fueled by disbelief and suspicion...
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...Britain led to the start of what is now known today as the industrial revolution. This revolution allowed for more efficient agriculture production, job opportunities in factories, and more. Industrialization led to a stronger economy in the countries that were part of this movement, allowing these countries to gain strength and momentum. The major responses to industrialization were successful to the fullest extent because of the results of industrialization in Europe, Americas, and Africa. Industrialization started in Great Britain, making Europe one of, if not the most powerful, imperialist powers. Europe’s responses were consistently successful in a number of ways. One being the accumulation of traded goods....
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