...the decision of suing the city of Ferguson when he, a 7/8th's Caucasian man, was arrested for sitting in a "whites only" car and for refusing to move to the "blacks" section of the train, something fairly familiar in the late 1800’s where “separate but equal” was enforced not only in trains and other forms of transportation, but in schools and even something as small as bathrooms and drinking fountains. In this case, Plessy argued that his Thirteenth and Fourteenth amendments had been broken. The question throughout the case is if Louisiana’s law requiring racial segregation on public transportation was infringing upon the constitutional rights of African Americans. In a seven to one vote, the supreme court decided for Ferguson where Justice Henry Brown wrote a majority opinion and Justice John Marshall Harlan wrote a dissenting opinion. Justice Henry Brown pointed out that the Fourteenth Amendment did not have anything to do with social equality, the Amendment was referring to equality in the form of law. The seven Justices who decided to vote in favor of Ferguson, did not believe that the separation of race by law “stamps the colored race with a badge of inferiority”. (Plessy v. Ferguson, 1896) The Justices firmly believed that one case would not change racial prejudice throughout the city or state, much less the country. The majorities opinion stated that if both facilities, in this case the cars on the trains, were actually equal to one another, it would not be unconstitutional...
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...Industrial Revolution Name Institution Industrial Revolution |Essay about the Industrial |[pi|[pi|[pi| |Revolution |c] |c] |c] | |The Industrial revolution was a time of drastic change and transformation from hand tools, and hand made items to machine manufactured and | |mass produced goods. This change generally helped life, but also hindered it as well. Pollution, such as co2 levels in the atmosphere rose,| |working conditions declined, and the number of women and children working increased. The government, the arts, literature, music and | |architecture and man's way of looking at life all changed during the period. Two revolutions took place, both resulting in productive but | |also dire consequences. | |Before the first industrial revolution, England's economy was based on its cottage industry. Workers would buy raw materials from | |merchants, take it back to their cottages, hence the name, and produce the goods at their home. It was usually was owned and managed by one| |or more people, who were generally close to the workers. There was a good worker/boss relationship, which was demolished and destroyed by | |capitalism. This industry was efficient but the workers, productivity was low, making costs higher. The longer it took...
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...Why did these changes occur? Before the 18th century, small business created their products by hand. They expanded the sale of their products by trade. Slaves were consistently used for all types of labor. One of the biggest areas of production where the utilization of slave occurred was the production of cotton. Plantation crops and the slavery system went through some drastic changes. To understand these changes, one must understand Slavery, inflation of crops and the industrial revolution. Slavery was very harsh the 18th century. Many families dealt with separation during this time, but luckily many remained married. Slaves lived in small shacks and provided food that was relatively cheap to the plantation owner. Slaves were forced to work, and when they didn’t work, they were beaten, starved or hung. In Virginia, 440,000 African Americans were taken from their homes (A 355). Millions of African Americans from all over the world were forced into...
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...HARVEY GIRLS How waitress helped settle the west When thinking of 19th century America, waitresses would have never come to mind until reading “How the West Was Won by Waitresses”. During the 19th century railway was a main form of transportation. In 1987 Fred Harvey saw an opportunity to open restaurants along the railways. Harvey opened his first restaurant “Harvey House” in the Florence, Kansas train depot along the Santa Fe railway. Harvey House was known for its impeccable service, variety of food and was known to have the same services no matter which location you were at. It was so popular that by the late 1800s he had opened an establishment every 100 miles. After a fight between male coworkers Harvey decided to fire all the...
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...Have you ever thought about what people ate and how they prepared it, in the 1800’s? Many of today's dinners include fast food or carryout delivery; KFC or Mcdonalds. We hardly never cook “from scratch” unlike the people in the 1800’s. Technology we often take for granted such as microwaves and refrigerators has greatly affected the way we eat today. Modern meals are usually planned around the family’s schedule. During the 1800’s the family planned its schedule around meals. In the early 1800’s, cooking dominated the time and energy of the average housewife. In the 1800’s they did not have grocery stores and eating out was truly a rare treat. Today most people eat out 2/4 times a week and we have so many big grocery stores. Most fruits and...
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...jesse perez 1.1 Converging Cultures Area 1 investigates how social orders in North America have changed over the long run and how European provinces created. A huge number of years before Christopher Columbus and other European wayfarers set foot in America, Native Americans started planting and raising products. When of Columbus started his voyages in the late fifteenth century, an extensive variety of developments and dialects existed in North America. When wayfarers discovered that Columbus had come to new grounds, other European investigations started to scan for new domain. New pioneers hoped to subjugated Africans to help ranch. The brutal treatment of the Africans was a sharp difference to the lives of the advantaged. While subjugated...
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...if you have any questions. Why did Washington reject the advice of both Jefferson and Hamilton and adopt a policy of neutrality? Washington wanted to stay neutral in everything. He knew they couldn’t afford another war after just finishing a war. Washington defended his policy and stood by it. This policy was to ensure there would not be any engagement between either side in the war. What were Washington’s views on foreign policy? Foreign policy is a nation's plan of action toward other nations. The way Washington had seen it was by staying neutral was the best thing to do. From how I see this is...
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...home with his younger siblings. He had visited the paved main street of Orange City, but never went in a store(Van). These main streets were important places, for it was a place used daily by many for over a hundred years. For many folks, main street defined home (Olson). If a visitor walked down Orange City’s main street in the 1930s, many businesses would have greeted him( Vande). From a Veterinarian business to a Dry Goods store, the variety for shopping was almost endless. The Gamble Store was the Ben Franklin of its time while the Village Drug was a big store that had a cafe(Kroeze). Today some of the same names appear on the businesses, but it is certainly a different main street. Perhaps the changes were due to mostly one big invention: the automobile. The changes of transportation directly impacted the looks and choices of the main street and shopping in Orange City and...
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...with the information revolution of the 1960's onward people began moving away from the country and into the city because that was where they worked. There were enough farms to support the people in the urban areas, and transportation became easier with trains and large trucks. This rapid growth, from a farm-based economy to one that relied on manufactured goods and then today's serviced-based economy has altered the face of the nation. The Problems of Urban Growth The problems the country faced, population skyrocketed, and city government faced problems of how to provide residence with needed services and safe living conditions. The separation of people into different groups and how those people adapted to urban life during the transition away from their propinquity roots are all distinct elements of how America became an urban nation. When people begin moving closer together there are issues with the increase in people that occupy a smaller space and a decrease in the land available to grow food. The average person needs the same amount of food regardless of how close they live to other people. Urbanization began, with people moving closer to textile, steel and other types of mills. The society was still based largely on barter or trade, but that had to change and a centralized currency was developed. In doing...
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...area have a bearing on how things evolve. In exploring this idea, I am drawn to the town where I live and what is now called Bothell Landing. The first time I saw Bothell Landing, was at the 4th of July celebration. They call it Founder’s Day. I remember walking down to a large cement amphitheater situated next to the Sammamish River. The slough is reminiscent of a very slow moving river with hardly any current. A foot bridge crosses the Slough and on the other side is a bike trail. I later found out that this is part of the Burke Gillman Trail. I had heard about it, but did not realize it parallels the slough through the Sammamish Valley. Standing on top of the bridge I began to notice how perfectly the banks were formed and how the distance between them was so consistent. I began to realize that this was not a natural waterway. Bothell Landing is an historical site with a number of houses and buildings preserved as they were a hundred years ago. One of those building houses the Bothell Historical Museum. It was actually one of early settlers, William A. Hannan’s house. It is very interesting to see what a state of the art house looked like from that period. The house is full of photos of what Bothell looked like when it was first settled and how it changed as time went on. It is amazing to see how different the area looked. Main Street of downtown Bothell was all dirt, and horse and carriage were the main mode of transportation. It was particularly...
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...Qihui Zheng 01/28/2011 EH205 Essay 2 When and why did London grow so much faster than other early modern capitals? By examine the key differences among Paris, Madrid, and London, I argue that from1650 to1750, the reason why London boosted in terms of demographic expansion and market integrations is that -- instead of creating market disorder by demanding cheap supply of goods from other places, emphasizing social privileges and over consumptions, London attracted spontaneous business exchange in market among different groups of people. In section I, by doing a brief literature review on E. A. Wrigley, D. R. Ringrose and other important authors, we may have a basic understanding of the demand and supply market mechanism and its relationship with population, internal market and functions of capitals. In section II, we will analyze how the functions of capital, such as exercising political power to satisfy a particular interest, can affect the demand and supply of market and demographic composition. In section III, we study further how the functions of capital such as price determination can change the economic development of the capital itself and its surrounding industrial and agricultural areas. At the end, we should see that London did a better job integrating the urban-rural market during 1650-1750. Literature Review From 1650 to 1750, London grew much faster than other continental capital cities. There is little debate on the time as shown in table 1 and 2 below...
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...losses in wars often are more important than victories. How were the Ottoman, Russian, Qing, and Tokugawa states affected...
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...During the mid to late 1800s, the United States felt two waves of expansion, Manifest Destiny and Imperialism. Manifest Destiny, as a definition, stands for the westward expansion to reach the Pacific coast during the mid-1800s; Imperialism stood for the external expansion into locations beyond the North American continent. During the years of Manifest Destiny, with government support, the United States expanded and went on to add eighteen states through advances such as the Louisiana Purchase, the Mexican War, and multiple treaties and deals with foreign governments. Such expansions towards the Pacific Coast brought the United States great resources and a large portion of land, propelling the country into an industrial age of progress and prosperity. Later in the century, Imperialism began and sought to expand the United States beyond...
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...Section 1: Short Answer (20 points) In this section, you will write a two to threesentence response to each of the following items. Remember to use examples and be specific. In the area of politics, the Irish were upset by their merger with Great Britain into the United Kingdom. Identify and explain two areas of discontent. (4 points) Beginning in 1801, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland became a single entity. Many Irish were unhappy with this because they felt it diminished their identity as Irish, and because many viewed England as a historical enemy. The merger of northern Ireland into the British Empire replaced the Roman Catholic Church with the church of England as the state church. What is a monopoly? Explain the benefits to owning a monopoly.(4 points) A monopoly is when a person owns or dominates an industry. He will gain so much power that he either buy out competitors or run them out of business. After that he can be the only person that is able to provide his services. So when he is the only one standing, he can name the prices and the customers are forced to pay. Monopoly can make the owner multi millionaire. . What is urbanization? Identify two of the problems that were associated with rapid urbanization.(4 points) Urbanization is the social process whereby cities grow and societies become more urban in areas, be it horizontal or vertical, as opposed to being mostly rural and agricultural...
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...Gonzalez 1 Rachel Gonzalez AP U.S. History Mr. Cranston 20 March 2015 Chapters 12 and 13 Essay Assignment Major themes of history evolve as time progresses. From the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, to the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, massive shifts occur. Regarding work, exchange, and technology; America in the World; politics and power; as well as ideas, beliefs, and culture, the evolution between the centuries have changed the significant themes throughout the United States. Work, exchange, and technology play a huge role in Americans lives throughout each century. People rarely used money; services and products were paid for mostly through trades and barters. Home and work were not separated; they were the same place. Nobody stuck to a schedule; things were done as needed. Skills were acquired through apprenticeship. An apprenticeship lasted from three to seven years. Apprentices lived with their masters during this time period, while trading knowledge for labor. However, women were not allowed to have such apprenticeships. Women gained knowledge of domestic skills through their mother, as it was assumed that the women would marry. Some women would work respectably as: servants, laundresses, seamstresses, cooks, and food vendors—or not respected as prostitutes. Men directed the lives of family members and apprentices: deciding occupations for sons, marriages for daughters, etc. Women (the wives) were responsible for: food, clothing...
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