...The Roaring Twenties. One of the most memorable times in US history. The country was reeling from the war and the economy as bouncing back. Men, women, and kids all were having fun in celebration of the new freedom from the violence of war. However, of the three groups, the most important were the women. A whirlwind of events was happening to them, including the cliche views of society being drastically changed. The ‘gibson girl,’ a small waisted lady with long locks of hair, dramatic dresses and skirts, with manners and self spoken, was soon replaced by a short haired woman that wore short dresses and danced into the night. Flappers, as they were called. However, that wasn’t the only change. Feminists and fighters for women’s rights were succeeding in their fight. Jobs were opening, voting became available, and women were soon being treated more equally to men. The era of dancing and music was fuelled by the booming economy. Cars were being sold for cheap prices, nightclubs were popping up on every corner, and a prominent look for the people walking the streets. Women and men alike were spending their time dancing and partying, celebrating the new economy. However, the cliche look of the gibson girl didn’t look quite right out on the dance floors. Long, tight dresses with tight curly hair didn’t go well with quick and free movements. To...
Words: 1200 - Pages: 5
...be stated as that it concerns itself with women’s inferior position in society sand with the discrimination encountered by women because of their sex. “Feminism is a doctrine suggesting that women are systematically disadvantaged in the modern society and advocating equal opportunities for men and women.”(The Penguin Dictionary of Sociology, second Ed). The term includes many loose like liberal feminism, Marxist and socialist feminism, radical feminism. Liberal feminists work for equal rights for women within the framework of the liberal state; they did not question the structure –economic or political-of the state but they demand the rights and privileges given by the state should be equally shared by man and women. Marxist and socialist feminists’ link gender inequality and women’s oppression to the capitalist system. Women suffer a double exploitation as women and as members of the working class. Radical feminists disregard all questions of political and economic dispensation to concentrate on the roots of the problem. The central root of the problem is the system of patriarchy which leads to all kinds of discrimination against and devaluation of women. Politico-economic questions are not the roots but only auxiliaries. The concept of gender is the real villain and has to be demolished. Lately, more groups like Psychoanalytical feminism, Postmodern or Poststructuralists feminism, Black feminism and so on have also been added. Black feminism mainly studies the issues of self-...
Words: 12016 - Pages: 49
...in the United States. I will also examine how America’s physicians has a disgraceful history of exploitative studies in which African Americans have been used as objects, for new surgical techniques, drug testing, nuclear radiation absorption, biased psychological testing, sterilization, and cadavers all in the name of medical science since the time of slavery. Medical experimentation on African Americans began during the time of slavery. The South was home to 90 percent of American blacks, in some states, the black population was completely comprised of slaves: Alabama, for example, forbade the presence of free blacks. Since there was so many slaves, this also made the south a haven for the lowest of the low, worst kind of medical experiments on African Americans. Harriet A. Washington, author of the book Medical Apartheid: The Dark History of Medical Experimentation on Black American from Colonial time to the Present, cites many of the atrocious acts that the Black Americans experienced through telling personal stories like those of slave women, giving faces to many of the black victims of violent medical experimentation and racially biased investigations, while also revealing the doctors inflicting the abuse. Doctors tortured and abused African American subjects to further scientific knowledge and propagate racist, social and economic motives. The historical events Washington catalogues extend from the time of slavery to the present day. “There were subjects that were given...
Words: 1628 - Pages: 7
...Women’s Role (1865-Present) Kimberly Burrows HIS 204 Joseph Scahill February 2, 2013 Women’s Role (1865-Present) Throughout history, women have suffered fewer rights then men and are discriminated against because of their gender. Historically, a woman’s main role was to tend to the home isolated in the domestic “bubble” and to raise their children while their husbands were away at work. In this paper, I will describe the historical significance of this issue from 1865 to the present. I will explain the historical developments that presented new opportunities for women in society. I will discuss the main individuals that were involved in these struggles. To conclude, I will analyze ways in which it contributed to an “ending of isolation” while assessing the challenges involved. Even today, women still face discrimination based on their gender. However, the role of women has changed significantly which has created a lasting and ongoing increase of women's rights. The woman’s role presents a historical significance from 1865 to today for many reasons. Prior to the Civil War, women were perceived as the weaker sex and were considered intellectually inferior to men. Their freedom was limited and they had fewer rights than men. Women were expected to marry, care for their home, cook, make clothing and raise their children. According to Manning, M. J. (2005), “Women were viewed as wives and mothers, whose economic rights were mainly to be supported by a male breadwinner and...
Words: 3172 - Pages: 13
...Bibliographic Essay on African American History Introduction In the essay “On the Evolution of Scholarship in Afro- American History” the eminent historian John Hope Franklin declared “Every generation has the opportunity to write its own history, and indeed it is obliged to do so.”1 The social and political revolutions of 1960s have made fulfilling such a responsibility less daunting than ever. Invaluable references, including Darlene Clark Hine, ed. Black Women in America: An Historical Encyclopedia 2nd ed. (New York: Oxford University Press, 2004); Evelyn Brooks Higgingbotham, ed., Harvard Guide to African American History (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2001); Arvarh E. Strickland and Robert E. Weems, Jr., eds., The African American Experience: An Historiographical and Bibliographical Guide (Westport: Greenwood Press, 2001); and Randall M. Miller and John David Smith, eds., Dictionary of Afro- American Slavery (Westport: Greenwood Press, 1988), provide informative narratives along with expansive bibliographies. General texts covering major historical events with attention to chronology include John Hope Franklin and Alfred A. Moss, Jr., From Slavery to Freedom: A History of African Americans (Boston: McGraw Hill, 2000), considered a classic; along with Joe William Trotter, Jr., The African American 1  Experience (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 2001); and, Darlene Clark Hine, William C. Hine, and Stanley Harrold, The...
Words: 6155 - Pages: 25
...1. During the late 1950’s and 1960’s was a time in American history that seemed as if a tight rope was being pulled back and forth between several groups of political power, and those seeking to gain it. A time where simple debates could turn into heated arguments and even sometimes brawls in the matter of seconds, a new form of thinking needed to come about in the political realm. That is when a new thought process came about, the word “compromise” comes into play for what seems as if previously was a rarity in U.S. politics. The theory came from the Social Democratic Party of Germany (pre-World War I) by a german sociologist named Robert Michels, who released his work in a book titled Political Parties. It roughly stated that political groups...
Words: 1611 - Pages: 7
... Findings and Interpretation 31 Identity Formation 35 Conclusion 38 Literature 41 Media 43 Introduction The Walt Disney Company’s cultural products have been a great influence on popular culture since the 1930s and an inspiration for generations all over the world ever since. For many, including myself, the Princes, Princesses and fantastical creatures of Disney’s animated fairy tales have become symbols of their youth. Seeing the films gives rise to a feeling of nostalgia, they become a memento of one’s childhood world. But what kind of world is this? What kind of realities do Disney’s fantastical representations construct? In my thesis, I will analyze a specific element of Disney films: gender roles constructed through the representation of femininity in their animated features. I will study how this representation changes over time: has Disney’s highly criticized construction of gender roles changed over time, and if so, what realities do contemporary Disney discourses construct? I propose to research how femininity is represented in Walt Disney‘s animated features, how this representation changes over time and what kind of effects this has on the...
Words: 16127 - Pages: 65
...myself and my highly skilled archaeological team. This is such an amazing discovery. We have been taught over the years how important the 1960’s were and how they brought about many changes in our nation leading up to its present day success. Inside the time capsule we have found a newspaper article dated February 2nd, 1960 with the headline “A&T Students Launch ‘Sit-Down’ Demand for Service at Downtown Lunch Counter”. (International Civil Rights Center & Museum, 2014) The next item within the capsule was a small package labeled Enovid and appears to one of the first brands of oral contraceptives. Continuing to look further into the capsule we then found 2 tickets from the Washington Coliseum with a date of February 10th 1964 featuring The Beatles. Also included among these items was a flyer dated August 28th 1963 with the heading “March on Washington”. The last item we removed from the time capsule was a small patch with an eagle on it landing on what appears to be the moon with the words “Apollo 11”. I will now go onto write a little history on these items as well as their importance to us in the present day. In 1865 slavery ended and African-Americans were free to live their own lives. Although this was true African-American were still treated poorly. Segregation was used to separate the African-Americans from the white Americans. Coloreds or blacks were popular terms during this time and every public place including diners, schools transportation and restrooms were...
Words: 1393 - Pages: 6
...FEMINISM IS FOR EVERYBODY Passionate Politics bell hooks South End Press Cambridge, MA CONTENTS Copyright © 2000 by Gloria Watkins Cover design by Ellen P. Shapiro Cover illustration by Laura DeSantis, © Artville Any properly footnoted quotation of up to 500 sequential words may be used without permission, as long as the total number of words quoted does not exceed 2,000. For longer quotations or for a greater number of total words, please write to South End Press for permission. INTRODUCTION Come Closer to Feminism 1. 2. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Hooks, Bell. Feminism is for everybody: passionate politics / Bell Hooks. p.cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-89608-629-1 - ISBN 0-89608-628-3 (pbk.) 1. Feminist theory. 2. Feminism - Philosophy. 3. Feminism Political aspects. 4. Sex discrimination against women. 1. Title. FEMINIST POLITICS Where We Stand 1 CONSCIOUSNESS-RAISING A Constant Change of Heart 7 3. SISI:ERHOOD IS STILL POWERFUL 4. Vll 13 00-036589 South End Press, 7 Brookline Street, #1, Cambridge, MA 02139 06 05 04 7 8 9 Printed in Canada 19 OUR BODIES, OURSELVES Reproductive Rights 25 6. HQl190 .H67 2000 305.42'01 - dc21 FEMINIST EDUCATION FOR CRITICAL CONSCIOUSNESS BEAUTY WITHIN AND WITHOUT 31 7. FEMINIST CLASS STRUGGLE 37 8. GLOBAL FEMINISM 44 5. 9. WOMEN AT WORI( 48 10. RACE AND GENDER 55 ...
Words: 37459 - Pages: 150
...Women’s Role (1865-Present) Kimberly Burrows HIS 204 Joseph Scahill February 2, 2013 Women’s Role (1865-Present) Throughout history, women have suffered fewer rights then men and are discriminated against because of their gender. Historically, a woman’s main role was to tend to the home isolated in the domestic “bubble” and to raise their children while their husbands were away at work. In this paper, I will describe the historical significance of this issue from 1865 to the present. I will explain the historical developments that presented new opportunities for women in society. I will discuss the main individuals that were involved in these struggles. To conclude, I will analyze ways in which it contributed to an “ending of isolation” while assessing the challenges involved. Even today, women still face discrimination based on their gender. However, the role of women has changed significantly which has created a lasting and ongoing increase of women's rights. The woman’s role presents a historical significance from 1865 to today for many reasons. Prior to the Civil War, women were perceived as the weaker sex and were considered intellectually inferior to men. Their freedom was limited and they had fewer rights than men. Women were expected to marry, care for their home, cook, make clothing and raise their children. According to (Manning, 2005), “Women were viewed as wives and mothers, whose economic rights were mainly to be supported by a male breadwinner and protected...
Words: 8287 - Pages: 34
...African Americans. On October 10, 1906, Terrell gave a speech titled, “ What it Mean to be Colored in the Capitol of the U.S.,” to the members of the United Woman’s club in Washington, D.C. This speech was very influential and significant speech that served as a voice for other African Americans who had no voice. This speech also was a time for Terrell to explain the unnecessary hassles she and other blacks had to take on when trying to live as a citizen in the capital. Through this speech we can see an abundance of prejudice that taint the lives of African Americans in the U.S.. In the following paragraphs, I will establish the notability of this speech, analyze the historical context that sparked the discourse into existence and explore other rhetorical features that will establish my analysis’s significance. Mary Church Terrell embodies feminine style rhetoric in her argument to address the social, economic and political struggles placed against African Americans with the undertone of constitutive rhetoric, topical structure, pathos and logos to validate her point. History: Mary Church Terrell was born during the civil war on September 23,1863 to her former slave parents, who later her parents became wealthy business leaders in their community. (Batten, 2010, p.2-3). Long after the civil war, she went to school in Ohio where she encountered racism so decided to study the emancipation and the civil war to help her understand the discrimination better. (Jones...
Words: 2386 - Pages: 10
...Divorced, Beheaded, Survived - Robin Black The text "... Divorced, Beheaded, Survived" is a short story written by Robin Black in 2010. It deals with the theme death and specifically engages in how death affects close relatives. It contains mental and social issues connected to losses and the generational repetition of these. The story presents how a women's life was changed because of her brother's death and how she is still influenced as an adult. The main themes are depression and passiveness caused by bereavement. The following essay focuses on the narrator's mind and the themes through an analysis of the symbols, the language and the narrative technique. The story is about a 40-year-old-women, from whose point of view the story is told. She looks back upon an essential episode of her childhood when she lost her older brother. The story is significantly structured as it contains two stories from the same person's life. The narrator has lost her brother at the age of 10 and her son loses a friend at the age of 16. The likeness of the misfortunes and their undesirable consequences is apparent through the deliberate composition of the story. The main character, who is also the narrator, alternates between adult life and childhood in her narration. For instance she abruptly swaps to her own childhood when talking about her son: "His face was still sleepy, unwashed, his brown hair a little messy." "I don't know. Maybe Jeff Mandelbaum's mother saw a [...]". These two quotes...
Words: 1643 - Pages: 7
...Women suffrage in America came at a time when the nation was deeply plunged in late 1800s. Passionate suffragists; Elizabeth Cady and Susan Anthony came out strongly to form the National Woman Suffrage Association to champion for the right of women to vote and hold public office in the late nineteenth century. Though women were oppressed of their rights to vote and shut out of what was considered male dominated white collar offices, they have made great strides in various fields in the recent years and have rose to high positions of power. From the first pioneers who engineered the Nineteenth Amendment of the American Constitution thereby by granting their fellow women the right to vote and equal opportunity for pursuit of high office, women have generally made tremendous steps in ensuring change in various field from politics, office jobs, what are considered manly jobs like masonry by male chauvinists to law professions and attaining high offices in the Judicial System. One instance where women acknowledge triumph in their pursuit in suffrage is United States Supreme Court appointing the first woman- Sandra Day O’Connor as the first woman justice in 1981. This proved their cause for equality was not all a matter of fighting a losing battle, they were making great impacts and strides in championing for the rights of women which is envisioned in future appointments of other women into the law profession. In eighteen seventy three (1873), Susan B. Anthony one of the sitting...
Words: 2103 - Pages: 9
...Dissent is a feeling or philosophy of non-agreement or opposition to a prevailing idea or institution. It is older than the United States, serving as a privilege and obligation to its citizens. The history of the United States is an ideal example of how dissent ultimately changes society by offering new ideas and perspective. Important issues that dissenters advocated such as taxation, slavery, women’s rights, civil rights, and anti-war sentiments define America. In order for a society to be successful, it must encourage dissent and protect the rights of its dissenters. Dissenters fought to create change and gain rights they believed were denied to them and others. Religious dissent forced European groups such as the Quakers and Puritans, who were persecuted for their beliefs, to seek life in the colonies. During the Pre-Revolutionary Age, Christianity affected all aspects of an individual’s life. Christianity was the basis of decision making in politics and society. Governments often ruled over their subjects, with the notion that they had approval from God and would therefore be granted his mercy for slaughtering innocent individuals, whether it was through crusades or witch hunts. At the time of the seventeenth century, kings and queens final decisions ruled which branch of Christianity to follow; with the constant upheaval in rulers, and exile towards Protestants during the Catholic era and Calvinists during the Church of England era, radical religious ideals began...
Words: 6255 - Pages: 26
...before moving on, and will help them avoid becoming frustrated by these overlaps. hooks states that she intends these essays to be “celebratory” (10), and indeed I found that the experience of reading them was often a joyful one. The degree to which she loves teaching and connects with her students is incredibly inspiring. Teaching to Transgress has earned a permanent place on my bookshelf; I anticipate that I will turn to it often as I begin to teach students and create my own pedagogical style. Intro: Teaching to Transgress bell hooks ushers the reader into her collection of essays with a description of the various pedagogies that informed her own education. First, she presents us with the exciting, enlivened learning environment which she experienced as a young girl in an all-black school. She attributes this excitement at least in part to the fact...
Words: 5850 - Pages: 24
