...Written Assignment #3 The Hood is Real Damian McElroy Word Count: 1525 Due: Nov 18, 2014 Introduction The High Cascade volcanoes are comprised with many volcanoes formed by basaltic eruptions many years ago. More specifically this research report will be designated to the Mt. Hood region seen in figure (1). Research from articles will be provided with references of their origins and give a clear description of the “Hood”, as well as any dangers it may present to populations near by if it were to become unstable. The research comprised within this report is specific and done so with the use of Google Earth images and articles designated to the specific Mt. Hood area; with this research, a hazard assessment and a reliable research station location will be clearly justified and outlined respectively. Description Mt. Hood is a stratovolcano located 45° 21'58.83"N, 121° 41' 43.51"W, has a diameter of 8.83km-10km (This will vary depending on where the diameter is measured from) and a maximum height of 3426m. The elevation profile can be seen in Figure (2), which distinctively justifies the reason for Mt. Hood being classified as a stratovolcano, due to the very steep slope and maximum height of the mountain. Mount Hood, Oregon's highest peak forms a prominent backdrop to the state's largest city, Portland (Smithsonian Institution, 2013). The glacially eroded volcano has been subject to four major eruptive periods during the past 15,000 years (Smithsonian Institution, 2013)...
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..."Niggardly" is an adjective meaning "stingy" or "miserly", perhaps related to the Old Norse verb nigla = "to fuss about small matters". It is cognate with "niggling", meaning "petty" or "unimportant", as in "the niggling details". 'Niggardly' is sometimes thought to be related to 'nigger', with unfortunate consequences. This is despite the fact that “Niggardly” means parsimonious or stingy and is derived from the Old Norse language. “Niggardly,” as you will thankfully already know or will doubtless be relieved to hear, is not related to the Latin word for black “niger” and thus is in no way connected to the deeply pernicious, pejorative racial epithet known in common parlance as the n-word. The fact that from the 1950s onwards the word usage has dramatically declined would suggest that it corresponds with the ever increasing use of “political correctness”, the idea that the first five letters of such a word would be deemed a racial slur, often deters the use of it and so it and it’s noun “niggard” rarely exists in written literature nowadays. The word homosexual brings about not only a change in language but a change in views, opinions and outlooks. Prior to the 19tyh century, no official word existed in the English language to describe a homosexual orientation. Indeed, the whole concept of 'heterosexual bisexual and homosexual' is a relatively new one, because of this, the word wouldn’t have been used often, due to its connotations and the idea that homosexuality, in those...
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...Alvin Secord The format of my presentation is structured as presented on the assignment sheet starting from Background information on the community of Weed, California U.S.A followed by the emergency that accumulated within the community and the actions taken by the Emergency Mangers, personnel and problems they faced and overcame. I will then go into my explanation of how I would deal with the emergency as the towns Emergency Manager from there I will digress into what steps should occur to effectively deal with the emergency. Background information on the community (Weed, California) The town of Weed located at the base of Mount Shasta in the Cascade Mountains of California U.S.A just south of the Oregon border with a small population of 2,967 it lays as an attraction for tourist looking to explore the Cascade Mountains or the towns Italian Carnevale. Although the town is located at the base of a mountain it still has unincorporated subdivisions just outside of the town that hold the same P.O box numbers and Zip codes. With the combine populations of these small Subdivisions the total populations of the area is 6,318. The city is well known for its productions of lumbering and manufacturing facilities as well as its ethnic diversity. What is the emergency? On September 15th, 2014 a 375 acre wildfire was pushed by 64km wind that lead to the destruction of 100 homes in Weed with the result of an evacuation order to 1,500 residents (video in presentation) Actions...
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...INNER PLANETS DATA | MERCURY | VENUS | EARTH | MARS | 1. DIAMETER | 3,032m (4,879km) | 7,521m (12,104km) | 7,926m (12,756km) | 7,926m (12,756km) | 2. AVERAGE DISTANCE FROM THE SUN | 57.9 million kms/36 million miles | 108.2 million kms/67.2 million miles | 150 million km (93 million miles) | 228 million km (142 million miles) | 3. ROTATION PERIOD | 59 Earth Days | 0.615 Earth Years (243 days) | 23.93 Hours | 24.63 Hours | 4. ORBITAL PERIOD | 88 Earth days | 225 Earth days | 365 days | 687 Earth days | 5. SURFACE TEMPERATURE | -183 °C to 427 °C (-297 °F to 800 °F) | 880 degrees Fahrenheit, 471 degrees Celsius (730 K) | -127°F to 136°F (-88°C to 58°C; 185 K to 311 K) | -130 °C (-202 °F) | 6. NUMBER OF MOONS/THEIR NAMES | ZERO | ZERO | One moon (Earth’s moon) | Two moons(Diemos and Phobos) | 7. CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF ATMOSPHERE/GASES | Atmosphere, or exosphere, is composed mostly of oxygen (O2), sodium (Na), hydrogen (H2), helium (He), and potassium (K). | Atmosphere is made up mostly of carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrogen (N2), with clouds of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) droplets. | 78 % nitrogen, 21% oxygen, | Atmosphere made up mostly of carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrogen (N2) and argon (Ar) | 8. NATURE OF THE ATMOSPHERE | Very thin; Since the atmosphere is so slight, the sky would appear pitch black (except for the sun, stars, and other planets, when visible), even during the day. Also has no greenhouse effect. | Thick and toxic atmosphere, hot...
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...Narcondam Island Narcondam or Narcondum is a small volcanic island located in the Andaman Sea. Its central peak rises some 710 m above mean sea level, and is formed of andesite. It is considered to be part of the Andaman Islands, the main body of which lie approximately 114 km to the west. The island is part of the Indian union territory of Andaman and Nicobar Islands. The island is small, covering an area of approximately 6.8 square kilometres.[1] It was classified as a dormant volcano by the Geological Survey of India. Barren Island (Andaman Islands) Barren Island (coordinates: 12°16′N 93°51′E) is located in the Andaman Sea, one of the most easterly of the Andaman Islands. It is the only confirmed active volcano in South Asia. Along with the rest of the Andamans, it is a part of the Indian Union Territory of Andaman and Nicobar Islands, and lies about 135 km (84 mi) northeast of the territory's capital, Port Blair. The first recorded eruption of the volcano dates back to 1787. Since then, the volcano has erupted more than ten times, with the most recent one which started in September 2010 and continued through January 2011. The Black Tusk The Black Tusk is a stratovolcano and a pinnacle of volcanic rock in Garibaldi Provincial Park of British Columbia, Canada. At 2,319 m (7,608 ft) above sea level,[3] the upper spire is visible from a great distance in all directions. It is particularly noticeable from the Sea-to-Sky Highway just south of Whistler, British Columbia. Distinctive...
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...difference in working class, since income is distributed evenly which is the main reason for its low score. Canada also has a low score in power distance as well, so we will implement the same decentralized business structure to help utilize the employees’ variety of knowledge and skills to make the correct business decisions. - Individualism “I’m sorry to interrupt you but I think I got a better point” Icelanders tend to be known as individualistic, independent, friendly and open-minded people with responsibility for one’s self being one of the highest values in Icelandic socialization. On the business side of things, employees are expected to be independent and display initiative which makes for an excellent workforce. Icelanders also have strong family ties, and like to celebrate national holidays and special events, Therefore It would be great to be aware of national holidays such as Icelandic National Day on June 17th Trading day on August 06….. – Uncertainty Avoidance Iceland has low uncertainty avoidance, due to their adverse natural environment, the ever changing weather, earthquakes and volcanic eruptions make it very difficult to avoid uncertainty. However, low uncertainty avoidance nations have been known to report greater happiness and a survey confirms this as Denmark is the only other European nation to be happier than Iceland. The uncertainty causes Icelanders to be more practical and realistic than idealistic. This optimistic and positive state...
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...migration was because of a shortage or arable land in Scandinavia, and a civil strife brought about by the Norse King Harald. When the Norse settlers migrated the land was unsettled and they could claim the land because there no inhabitants. The settlement last from 874 to 930 at that point most of the island had been claimed by Alþingi, the assembly of the Icelandic Commonwealth, was founded in Þingvellir. In the original manuscript that was made it listed 435 men as the first settlers and a lot of them settled in the northern and southwestern parts of the island. Iceland is an island that is located in the Atlantic Ocean near the Article Circle. It is also located between Greenland and Norway. It is the second largest European island behind Great Britain. Iceland is about the same size as Kentucky and Virginia. It takes about five hours to fly from the US to Iceland. Iceland has a population of 317,351. The median ages for people in Iceland are 36.4 years old. So the people in Iceland are of the younger generation. Icelandic is the official language that is spoken in Iceland. It is a sub-group of North Germanic languages. The Icelandic language is a cornerstone and a large part due to a strong literary heritage. The Republic of Iceland’s political system is similar to the United States by having an Executive, Legislative and Judicial Branch. In the Executive Branch the chief of state is President Olafur Ragnar Grimsson who has been in office since August 1, 1996. The head of government...
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...FinancIal Collapse MBA in Marketing&Communication “The most spectacular bankruptcy of the 2008 financial crisis was the collapse of Iceland's financial system. This collapse is especially intriguing as Iceland is not an underdeveloped country!” ---EHMAN BROTHERS Introduction Iceland is an independent Nordic European island country situated at the confluence of the North Atlantic and Arctic Oceans, on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Its traditional industries are fishing, processing of fish, aluminum, and strong energy industry. During several years of economic boom, the Icelandic financial system expanded considerably. A nation with a slight population erected a banking system whose total assets were 10 times the size of the country's GDP. Greedy bankers, inexperienced upstairs, corrupt political elite, the deregulation of the financial system, make the banking sector grew faster than any other sector of the Icelandic economy. Following the global financial crisis in 2008, Iceland became the most dramatic economic meltdown. The key problem with the banks essentially owning all the bankrupt highly leveraged business (that were and are essentially good ocean harvesting fishing business) and the downgrade in sovereign debt rating led to capital flight. With the collapse of exchange rate of Krona, 3 main banks (Landsbanki, Kaupthing and Glitnir) are nationalized because of the serious liquidity problems of banks. By the end of 2008 rate of price inflation reached 18 percent. The government...
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...JoAnne Castonguay Professor Brooks Introduction to Geography GEO-102/Z1 19 October 2013 Isolation Leads to Prosperity Iceland is a highly urbanized Nordic island country located in the North Atlantic Ocean, known for beautiful glaciers, ice caps and volcanoes. It is a country of pure contrast in climate, geography, and culture. “A place where ice and fire co exist”, ("The Big Picture") Iceland has been shaped by forces of nature with active volcanoes, roaring rivers, and glacier cut fjords. Island isolation has allowed Iceland to develop a highly prosperous country, the most distinctive culture of the Western world, and the world’s oldest parliamentary democracy, where everyone is treated equally regardless of gender. Iceland’s 320,000 close knit homogenous population is primarily Icelandic with a primary language of Icelandic, a North Germanic language. Icelanders are primarily a mix of Scandinavian and Celtic cultures that discovered their isolation on an island to be advantageous, not only to keep enemies away but to establish and maintain their culture. Even the name Iceland was chosen to deflect visitors. Icelandic blood lines have been so stable geneticists use them to study the human genome. ("Iceland Society and Culture Complete Report”) Extremely urbanized, at 94%, most of the population lives in the country’s capital, Reykjavik (118,000), and other cities Kopavogur (30,000), Hafnarfjordur (25,000), Akureyri (17,000), Reykjanesbaer (14,000). The rest...
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...hazards volcanoes presents. Such as lahars, flash flooding, landslides, pyroclastic flows, ash clouds and many others. There are factors which can influence the severity of the hazard and cause differences in them and can be classified into different categories, such as physical, economic, political and social. One physical factor which causes differences in a volcanic hazard is the steepness of the volcano. If the volcanoes sides are of a steep gradient then the lava from the volcano would flow must faster than if the sides were a steady gradient. Mount Nyiragongo for example had extremely steep sides, 50 degrees at some points. This, combined with the low viscosity of the basaltic lava, saw lava speeds of up to 60 miles per hour. The hazard of a lava flow in Nyiragongo was much greater than if the volcano had steady sloping sides. The type of lava also influences the hazard, if the lava is rhyolitic then it has a high viscosity due to its high silica content and its low temperature (only between 650-750 Celsius). Therefore it won’t flow very fast, minimising the impact of the hazard, whereas if it is basaltic like Mount Nyiragongo then it will flow extremely fast, intensifying the hazard. The location of a volcano is also a large variable in determining the nature of its eruptions. Volcanoes are generally found in three locations: constructive and destructive plate boundaries, as well as hotspots. The most explosive and potentially the most hazardous volcanoes are found...
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...famous for its hot springs, active volcanoes and geysers. Lava fields cover much of the land and hot water is pumped from under the ground to supply much of the...
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...6 years over the past 3000. The Hawaiian Volcano Observatory celebrated the 30th anniversary of Mauna Loa's last eruption (in 1984) on March 25, 2014, underscoring that it has been a relatively quite 3 decades at the world's largest active volcano. Mauna Loa is one of Earth's most active volcanoes. Since 1843 it has erupted 33 times producing lavas that have covered over 800 km2 In late Aug 2015, HVO raised the tilt level at Mauna Loa because of long-term increased seismicity rates and inflation of the summit (as measured by cross-caldera difference). This doesn't mean an eruption is imminent, but signs are consistent with magma entering the shallow part of the magmatic system at the volcano. Mauna Loa is a "shield volcano", which means it is a gently sloping mountain produced from a large number of generally very fluid lava flows. The volcano has been erupting for at least 100,000 years prom a primary volcanic centre that is presently manifested by Moku'aweoweo crater at the mountain's summit. It has produced both a'a and pahoehoe flows, and lesser amounts of pyroclastic deposits. The volcano is constructed of a rock type known as tholeiitic basalt http://www.bgs.ac.uk/research/volcanoes/changingEruptionStyles.html http://www.livescience.com/29824-why-eyjafjallajoekull-volcano-erupted.html Eyjafjallajökull last erupted between 1821–1823. There were also documented intrusion events in 1994 and 1999 but magma didn't reach the surface. In the weeks prior to the eruption intense...
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... Major Religions l. Language m. Education viii. Literacy rate ix. Length of Schooling x. Funding The island country of island is situated several hundred miles northwest of the British Isles and directly below the Arctic Circle. Iceland is often known for its natural Beauty; volcanoes, hot springs glaciers, and auroras are prominent features. It is affectionately called the land of fire and ice. Iceland is relatively small yet modern and industrialized state with a modest population of just under 340,000 and total area of 103,000 km2 (39,769 sq. mi). Iceland has a varied topography but it is one of the most volcanic regions, in the world. Iceland started to form in the Miocene era about 20 million years ago from a series of volcanic eruptions on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, where it lies between North America and Eurasian plates, this cause the island to be active geologically as the plates are constantly moving away from each other. Due to the volcanic eruptions, Iceland has a rugged landscape dotted with hot springs, sulphur beds, geysers lava fields, canyons and waterfalls. There are approximately 200 volcanoes in Iceland and most of them are active. In addition, Iceland...
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...the area (nationsonline.org, 2015), but has nearly 60 times the population at nearly 17 million inhabitants (Countrymeters.info, 2015). This is despite the fact that the cultural history of the country can be dated back to about 800AD, and settlement occurred from 870-930AD. However, the true history of Iceland goes much beyond than that. Iceland has a rich geologic history that dates back thousands, if not millions of years, that makes it one of the most fascinating countries in the world. In this essay, we will explore the origins of Iceland from its formation to its current size, some of the unique features that Iceland has that most countries do not have, as well as a few significant geologic events in Iceland that have shaped Icelandic and even global events. Formation of Iceland Diagram 1 from classroomatsea.net Diagram 1 shows a general idea of how Iceland was formed. Iceland is situated in the centre of the Eurasian and the North American plate. The two plates move away from each other due to the magma undercurrents, due to the convection effect from the earth’s core. This divergent plate movement effectively opens up a fissure for a magma plume to escape from the earth’s mantle to fill the space between the plates. The magma plume, which originates from the hotspot, has significantly higher temperatures that the surrounding magma, which gives the plume its buoyancy, which effectively carries it to the earth’s surface (Freysteinn...
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...November 29th, 2012 Volcanoes A volcano is a landform that generally is circular in cross-section that is constructed from lava and tephra erupted onto the Earth’s surface, usually the crust. The opening through which the lava and tephra are emitted is called the volcanic vent. Lava is magma that reaches the Earth’s surface. Magma is melted rock at high pressure and temperature. Magma rises because it is initially less dense than the rock surrounding rock. It eventually equals the density of the surrounding rock and becomes a magma chamber. Tephra is pumice or ash that is blown into the air during eruptions. Volcanoes are generally found where tectonic plates converge and diverge; but are usually not created where tectonic plates slide past one another. As a result volcanoes can be found in all sorts of climate locations. There are four primary types of volcanoes which all have varying effects on the environment. This paper will explore these various types of volcanoes and show how they differ, as well as giving examples of eruptions for each of the types discussed. Principle Types of Volcanoes Cinder cones: Cinder cones are built from particles and blobs of congealed lava ejected from a single vent; they are the simplest forms of volcanoes. Gas charged lava is violently blown into the air and breaks up into small fragments that solidify and fall as cinders around the vent to form a circular or oval cone. Most of these types of volcanoes have a bowl shaped...
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