...Rechnungslegung und Wirtschaftsprüfung IFRS 13 – Kritische Würdigung |Name, Vorname : |Reimers, René | | |Matrikel-Nr: |1677578 | | |Semester: |1. Mastersemester | | | | | | |Adresse: |Josef-Kindshoven Str. 5 | | | |96052 Bamberg | | | |0951 8011252 | | | |rene.reimers84@gmx.de | | |Betreuer: |Andreas Weik, M.Sc. | | | | |Bamberg, 18. November 2011 | Inhaltsverzeichnis Seite Inhaltsverzeichnis I Abkürzungsverzeichnis II 1 Einleitung 1 2 Intention des IFRS 13 sowie Meilensteine in der Entwicklung...
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...Abstract There are many issues surrounding fair value accounting, this assignment concerns about the discussion of fair value measurement under both the International Accounting Standard Board (IASB) and US national standard-setter, the Financial Accounting Standards Accounting (FASB). So far, IASB and FASB have created a uniform framework for how to measure fair value for entities around the world. By publishing IFRS 13 Fair Value Measurement, the IASB established a single source of guidance under IFRS for all fair value measurements. After searching relevant sources from financial books and economic websites, some of the issues about fair value accounting have been clarified and analysed. This assignment provides a better understanding of the joint work between IASB and FASB, the definition of fair value under both standards, the relevant issue about IFRS 13 and why accounting differences exist. A. Explain the purpose of the Memorandum of Understanding between the IASB and the US national standard-setter, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB). Theoretically, A Memorandum of Understanding is a document that involved a bilateral or multilateral agreement between parties (Wikipedia 2011). In this particular research essay, the Memorandum of Understanding is a convergence process that both the International Accounting Standard Board (IASB) and US national standard-setter, the Financial Accounting Standards Accounting (FASB) would take steps to balanced the reciprocal...
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...IFRS 13 Fair value measurement IFRS 13 Fair value values 21st century real estate measurement Implications for the real estate 21st century real estate values and construction industry Implications for the real estate and construction industries Contents 1. Introduction 2. Principal impacts of the new standard 3. The definition of fair value 4. The concept of ‘highest and best use’ 4.1 Assessment 4.2 Valuing the highest and best use — alternative use and asset modifications 4.3 Highest and best use and impairment testing 5. The valuation premise for property interests 6. Assessing whether an appraisal complies with IFRS 13 7. Appropriate valuation techniques 8. Applying the fair value hierarchy to real estate appraisals 9. Expanded disclosure requirements 10. Final thoughts 2 2 3 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 7 8 9 IFRS 13 Fair value measurement — 21st century real estate values Implications for the real estate and construction industries 1 1. Introduction IFRS 13 Fair Value Measurement has been recently released by the International Accounting Standard Board (IASB). 2. Principal impacts of the new standard For real estate entities, the adoption of IFRS 13 could result in significant changes to processes and procedures for determining fair value and providing the required disclosures. While the requirement to determine fair value by reference to market participants is not new, the definition of fair value in IFRS 13 differs from that proposed by International Valuation Standards (IVS)...
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...for income taxes IAS 12 1 Executive summary • Despite the similar approaches to accounting for taxation under IFRS and US GAAP, deferred taxation is one of the most common areas where differences arise. The reason is that a high proportion of transactions recognized in either the statement of income or balance sheet will have consequential effects on deferred taxes. • US GAAP, deferred tax asset is recognized in full. It is then reduced by a valuation account if it is more likely than not that all or a portion of the deferred tax asset will not be realized. IFRS requires a one-step approach that provides for recognition of the deferred tax assets only to the extent it is probable that they will be realized. 2 Executive summary • IFRS classifies deferred tax assets and liabilities as noncurrent in a classified balance sheet while US GAAP classifies these items based on the classification of the related asset or liability, or for tax losses and credit carryforwards, based on the expected timing of realization. • IFRS offsets deferred tax assets and liabilities when specific conditions are met which includes when an entity has a legally enforceable right to offset and when the taxes are levied by the same taxing authority for the same taxable entity. US GAAP offsets these balances and reports them net by current and noncurrent classification. 3 Primary pronouncements US GAAP IFRS • • IAS 12, Income Taxes ASC740,...
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...Trimester 1 2015/2016 Group Assignment Topic: IFRS & IAS and The Practical Disclosure In Fraser & Neave Holdings Berhad Prepared for: Mdm. Haslin Binti Johari Prepared by: No. | Name | ID | 1 | Tan Se Man | 1102703355 | 2 | Wong Chin Ang | 1102703373 | 3 | Gan Hui Leng | 1102703420 | 4 | Neo Zi Sin | 1102703513 | 5 | Cheah Zhi Qin | 1112701231 | Table of Contents List of Diagrams I 1.0 Introduction 1 1.1 Economics of F&N Holdings Berhad 1 2.0 The Users of Financial Statements and Their Information Needs 4 3.0 Discussion of Standards Related to Consolidation and its Actual Presentation 6 4.0 Conclusion 14 Reference 16 List of Diagrams Exhibit 1 Group Structure & Summary of Ownership Interests in Subsidiary Exhibit 2(a) Disclosure of Ownership Interest in Subsidiaries Exhibit 2(b) Disclosure of Ownership Interest in Subsidiaries Exhibit 3 Consolidated and Separate SOPL Exhibit 4 Consolidated and Separate Statements of Comprehensive Income Exhibit 5(a) Consolidated SOFP Exhibit 5(b) Separate SOFP Exhibit 6 Consolidated SOCIE Exhibit 7 Separate SOCIE Exhibit 8 Consolidated and Separate SOCF Exhibit 9 Disclosure about Reporting Date Exhibit 10 Acquisition Method of Business Combinations Exhibit 11 Comparisons of Investment in Subsidiaries of 2 years Exhibit 12 Goodwill as Intangible Assets and Computations Exhibit 13(a) Goodwill Recognized on Acquisition Date Exhibit...
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...commodities, etc. that are carried in an entity’s balance sheet at their market value. This form of fair value accounting is often termed mark-to-market accounting. However, while market prices are one aspect of fair value measurement, the term is increasingly being used to describe measurement by other means. For example, accountants often arrive at an estimate of fair value for non-quoted investments based on a model (e.g., a share option valued by applying a specialist option valuation model) or specialist opinion. Such applications of fair value measurement are referred to as mark-to-model accounting. The IASB has followed US standard-setters in dealing with the problem of fair values that do not result from market prices. Specifically, IFRS 13 Fair Value Measurement applies the following valuation hierarchy: Level 1: fair values are derived from quoted market prices for identical assets or liabilities from an active market for which an entity has immediate access Level 2: where there are market prices available for similar (as...
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...INTRODUCTION International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) In 2011, international financial reporting standards (IFRS) will replace generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP). This means Canadian publicly-traded companies will be required to present financial statements in accordance with IFRS. This change will not only affect those involved in the development of financial information but also those who use this information. Economic globalization brings increased demand for high quality, internationally comparable financial information. That’s why in 1999, CGA-Canada took the pioneering step of advocating for the convergence to IFRS in Canada and continues today to contribute to the evolution and adoption of IFRS. By providing our professional advice to the accounting community, ensuring the latest information and professional development opportunities are available to CGAs and keeping the CGA Program of Professional Studies current, the Association is well prepared for the transition to IFRS. CGA-Canada and International Standards-Setting CGA-Canada plays a critical role in international standards-setting through exposure draft comments and its international representation by virtue of being an International Federation of Accountants (IFAC) member body. Comments to the International Accounting Standards Board, the International Auditing and Assurance Standards Board, the International Ethics Standards Board for Accountants and the International Accounting Education...
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...A practical guide to accounting for agricultural assets November 2009 PricewaterhouseCoopers’ IFRS and corporate governance publications and tools 2009 IFRS technical publications Manual of accounting – IFRS 2010 IFRS pocket guide 2009 Global guide to IFRS providing comprehensive practical guidance on how to prepare financial statements in accordance with IFRS. Includes hundreds of worked examples and extracts from company reports. The Manual is a three-volume set comprising: • Manual of accounting – IFRS 2010 • Manual of accounting – Financial instruments 2010 • Illustrative IFRS corporate consolidated financial statements for 2009 year ends Provides a summary of the IFRS recognition and measurement requirements. Including currencies, assets, liabilities, equity, income, expenses, business combinations and interim financial statements. IFRS news A practical guide to capitalisation of borrowing costs Monthly newsletter focusing on the business implications of the IASB’s proposals and new standards. Subscribe by emailing corporatereporting@uk.pwc.com. Guidance in question and answer format addressing the challenges of applying IAS 23R, including how to treat specific versus general borrowings, when to start capitalisation and whether the scope exemptions are mandatory or optional. Illustrative interim financial information for existing preparers A practical guide to new IFRSs for 2009 40-page guide providing high-level outline of the key requirements...
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...EXECUTIVE SUMMARY NOTE: “The executive summary usually appears before the table of contents and is given a lower-case Roman numeral page number (for example, i).” – from the guide on accounting writing methods on BB. The collapse of Enron in 2001 has alerted the financial standard-setters worldwide for the need to develop a single set of global high quality accounting standards in order to achieve greater transparency, clarity, consistency and comparability of the financial reports. This is important for achieving more efficient global financial markets while benefiting users of financial reports such as the investors, creditors, multi-national companies and auditors. In additions, it is evident that the financial standard setters are reconsidering the merits of group accounting and its criteria for control to a large extent. In particular, it is indicated that the application of reviewed group accounting standards such as the FIN46 could also be subjective and easily manipulated. This contrasts with the criteria of Australia’s basis for group consolidation, namely, “effective control” which is determined by control over the entity's board and the proportion of potential and current voting rights. The observations call for the principle-based accounting system instead of the insufficient and easily manipulated rules-based system. In sum, the abovementioned suggests that the financial reporting standard-setting process is largely uncertain and that the accounting...
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...A practical guide to accounting for agricultural assets November 2009 PricewaterhouseCoopers’ IFRS and corporate governance publications and tools 2009 IFRS technical publications Manual of accounting – IFRS 2010 IFRS pocket guide 2009 Global guide to IFRS providing comprehensive practical guidance on how to prepare financial statements in accordance with IFRS. Includes hundreds of worked examples and extracts from company reports. The Manual is a three-volume set comprising: • Manual of accounting – IFRS 2010 • Manual of accounting – Financial instruments 2010 • Illustrative IFRS corporate consolidated financial statements for 2009 year ends Provides a summary of the IFRS recognition and measurement requirements. Including currencies, assets, liabilities, equity, income, expenses, business combinations and interim financial statements. IFRS news A practical guide to capitalisation of borrowing costs Monthly newsletter focusing on the business implications of the IASB’s proposals and new standards. Subscribe by emailing corporatereporting@uk.pwc.com. Guidance in question and answer format addressing the challenges of applying IAS 23R, including how to treat specific versus general borrowings, when to start capitalisation and whether the scope exemptions are mandatory or optional. Illustrative interim financial information for existing preparers A practical guide to new IFRSs for 2009 40-page guide providing high-level outline of the key requirements...
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...encourages the convergence of IFRS and GAAP because it believes that doing so will benefit U.S investors. The incorporation of IFRS in GAAP will protect the investors, maintain the fair representation of financial statements and increase comparability and material information for investors to make better decisions. The primary benefit will be the reduction in discrepancies in financial statements among different countries around the world. “SEC, with convergence, wants to reduce regulatory impediments to cross-border capital transactions that result from disparate national accounting standards.” [3] As noted on pages 5 and 8, paragraph 2 and 3 respectively, some additional benefits are: ● “Greater comparability for investors across firms and industries on a global basis; ● Reduced listing costs for companies with multiple listings; ● Increased competition among exchanges; ● Better global resource allocation and capital formation; ● Lowered cost of capital ● A higher global economic growth rate ● Improved financial statement comparability among companies worldwide; ● Streamlined accounting processes for multinational companies; and ● Easier access to foreign capital and improved liquidity, leading to a reduced cost of capital” [5,8] 1B. Areas of concern within the SEC’s work plan before execution of the use of IFRS by us issuers: “A Work Plan was made to identify the areas of concerns within the roadmap of the proposed convergence of IFRS and GAAP, which included: ...
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...2 Record the issuance of ordinary shares. 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 2, 3, 4 3 *3. Explain the accounting for treasury shares. 12, 13, 14 5 4 *4. Differentiate preference shares from ordinary shares. 15 6 *5. Prepare the entries for cash dividends and share dividends. 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22 7, 8, 9 *6. Identify the items that are reported in a retained earnings statement. 16, 23, 24 Questions *1. Identify the major characteristics of a corporation. *2. 7. Prepare and analyze a comprehensive equity section. *8. Compute book value per share. B Problems 2, 3, 4, 7, 8, 11, 12 1A, 3A, 6A 1B, 3B 5, 7, 9 11, 12 2A, 3A, 6A 2B, 3B 6, 7, 10, 11, 12, 24 1A, 3A, 6A 1B, 3B 5, 6 13, 14, 15, 16, 25 4A, 5A, 7A 4B, 6B 10, 11 7 17, 18 5A 5B, 6B 8 10, 11, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 25 1A, 2A, 3A, 4A, 5A, 6A, 7A, 8A 1B, 2B, 3B, 4B, 5B, 6B, 7B Describe the use and content of the statement of changes in equity. *9 A Problems 12 Study Objectives 9A 25, 26 13 23, 24, 25 3A, 8A 3B, 7B *Note: All asterisked Questions, Exercises, and Problems relate to material contained in the appendix to the chapter. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Weygandt, IFRS, 1/e, Solutions Manual (For Instructor Use Only) 11-1 ASSIGNMENT CHARACTERISTICS TABLE Problem Number Difficulty Level Description ...
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...ACCOUNTING 404 INTERNATIONAL ACCOUNTING FALL 2012 Instructor: Dr. Meihua Koo Office: Building 164, Room 2086 Email: mkoo@csupomona.edu Vmail: (909) 869-4531 Office Hours: Tuesday & Thursday: 5:00 – 5:45 p.m. Wednesday: 9:30 a.m. – 1:00 p.m. COURSE DESCRIPTION: Examination and discussion of accounting theories, techniques, procedures, accounting standards and regulations used in other nations. Examination of contemporary practices prevailing in different parts of the world. Emphasis on multi-national corporations, and their needs and practices. For lectures/problem-solving. Prerequisite: ACC 312 Expanded course description While national borders might be in place based on things like geography and culture, business practice knows no such bounds. Technology is breaking down barriers of time and space, enabling companies of diverse sizes to operate multi-nationally. Therefore, as future accounting professionals and managers, students must learn to deal with differences in culture, customs, language and accounting practice to be effective advisors on organizational operations and strategy. The purpose of this course is to prepare students to do just that. But, rather than taking a simple descriptive focus (e.g., “here’s how accounting works in France”), the course examines accounting rules and procedures in light of national culture and history and also look at efforts to harmonize international accounting standards, international issues in financial statement analysis, and accounting...
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...A practical guide to capitalisation of borrowing costs November 2008 PricewaterhouseCoopers’ IFRS and corporate governance publications and tools 2008 IFRS technical publications IFRS manual of accounting 2009 PwC’s global IFRS manual provides comprehensive practical guidance on how to prepare financial statements in accordance with IFRS. Includes hundreds of worked examples, extracts from company reports and model financial statements. IFRS 3R: Impact on earnings – the crucial Q&A for decision-makers Guide aimed at finance directors, financial controllers and deal-makers, providing background to the standard, impact on the financial statements and controls, and summary differences with US GAAP. IFRS disclosure checklist 2008 Outlines the disclosures required by all IFRSs published up to October 2008. A practical guide to new IFRSs for 2009 40-page guide providing high-level outline of the key requirements of new IFRSs effective in 2009, in question and answer format. A practical guide to capitalisation of borrowing costs Guidance in question and answer format addressing the challenges of applyiing IAS 23R, including how to treat specific versus general borrowings, when to start capitalisation and whether the scope exemptions are mandatory or optional. A practical guide to segment reporting Provides an overview of the key requirements of IFRS 8, ‘Operating Segments’ and some points to consider as entities prepare for the application of this standard for the first time...
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...result, it takes a lot of work to keep record of its carrying value; 2. PP&E makes up a large percentage of the total assets, especially for manufacturing companies, and is expected to be long-term assets held for use in production; 3. Mostly they are carried on the Balance Sheet based on the cost no matter how much their actual values are. So it is possible for companies to inflate or write down the value of PP&E by managers. Therefore, the investors have to pay attention to the policy of the PP&E and in this memo we tend to analyze the account deeply and understand how to the amount is reported on financial statement. In order to find the differences between IFRS and U.S GAAP on this subject, summaries of the requirements of GAAP and IFRS separately will lay a foundation for the comparison. IFRS: IAS 16 An entity may choose 2 accounting models for its property plant and equipment: an entity shall apply the same model to the entire class of PP&E (IAS 16-29: An entity shall choose either the cost model in paragraph 30 or the revaluation model in paragraph 31 as its accounting policy and shall apply that policy to an entire class [Refer: paragraph 37] of property, plant and equipment.) 1. Cost model (IAS 16-30: After recognition [Refer: paragraph 7] as an asset, an item of property, plant and equipment shall be carried at its cost less any accumulated depreciation [Refer: paragraphs 6 (definition of depreciation) and 43–62] and any accumulated impairment losses...
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