...Executive Summary In a country like India where 70 percent of its population lives in rural area and 60 percent depend on agriculture (according to the World Bank reports), micro-finance can play a vital role in providing financial services to the poor and low income individuals. Microfinance is the form of a broad range of financial services such as deposits, loans, payment services, money transfers, insurance, savings, micro-credit etc. to the poor and low income individuals. The importance of micro-finance in the developing economies like India cannot be undermined, where a large size of population is living under poverty and large number of people does not have an access to formal banking facilities. The taskforce on Supportive Policy and...
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...Basel Committee on Banking Supervision Principles for Sound Liquidity Risk Management and Supervision September 2008 Requests for copies of publications, or for additions/changes to the mailing list, should be sent to: Bank for International Settlements Press & Communications CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland E-mail: publications@bis.org Fax: +41 61 280 9100 and +41 61 280 8100 © Bank for International Settlements 2008. All rights reserved. Brief excerpts may be reproduced or translated provided the source is stated. ISBN print: 92-9131-767-5 ISBN web: 92-9197-767-5 Table of Contents Introduction ...............................................................................................................................1 Principles for the management and supervision of liquidity risk ...............................................3 Fundamental principle for the management and supervision of liquidity risk ...........................3 Governance of liquidity risk management.................................................................................3 Measurement and management of liquidity risk .......................................................................3 Public disclosure.......................................................................................................................4 The role of supervisors .............................................................................................................4 Fundamental principle for the management...
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...people my ages, I can assure that most of us don’t have a particular idea for our future job. It is not the simple question as you think ‘’ What jobs will bring you happiness?’’ As for me, I haven’t figured it out yet. However, as soon as I started learning Business in my first high school year ( IGCSE ). I started to have an interest in Business specifically about Finance. Because I found it quite interesting and one of my favourites is the ways to calculate the probabilities that will be profitable if I want to invest in a business. Personally, throughout my high school years in Hanoi Academy, I can see how Finance/Business has influenced me in a variety of ways. First of all, Finance helps us become more outgoing...
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...Name Institution Instructor Date 4.1. The role of the financial director: In any company, the financial director contributes to fulfilling the company objectives through the financial guidance he gives to the business. The director also helps to develop the policies and procedures needed to make sure that the company finances are well managed. He/she is in charge of preparing the financial statements ensuring that they are presented on time and in the correct order. They are in charge of all financial transactions both within and outside the company including the legal duties and responsibilities of the business. The financial director does financial planning for the business. The financial plan reveals the short term and long term goals of the business. With a plan, the business can make wise financial decisions and are able to look at the position they are in and where they want to go. With the financial plan, one is able to analyze the financial statements and plan for the future. This is because the statements will show the company’s performance and value. From the financial statements, the director is able to: * Plan for the components of the statement. Whether it is the assets or the capital needed for the day to day running of the business, the director will be able to plan for the source of funding. * Spot areas of weakness and correct them before further damage is done to the business. The areas of financial shortfalls such as the working capital are worked on...
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...Knowledge of international finance can help a financial manager decide how international events will affect a firm and what steps can be taken to exploit positive developments and insulate the firm from harmful ones. Among the events that affect the firm and that must be managed are changes in exchange rates as well as interest rates, inflation rates, and asset values. These different changes are themselves related. For example, declining exchange rates tend to be associated with relativelyhigh interest rates and inflation. Furthermore, some asset prices are positively affected by a declining currency, such as stock prices of export-oriented companies that are more profitable after devaluation. Other asset prices are negatively affected, such as stock prices of companies with foreign-currency denominated debt that lose when the company’s home currency declines: the company’s debt is increased in terms of domestic currency. These connections between exchange rates, asset and liability values, and so on mean that foreign exchange is not simply a risk that is added to other business risks. Instead, the amount of risk depends crucially on the way exchange rates and other financial prices are connected. For example, effects on investors when exchange rates change depend on whether asset values measured in foreign currency move in the same direction as the exchange rate, thereby reinforcing each other, or in opposite directions, thereby offsetting each other...
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...Q. Why is Finance important for non- finance managers? A. Finance is important to business as without it businesses would not be able to start up or survive. In order to start a business, sources of finance are needed such as grants or loans used to buy essential items such as vehicles, premises and other equipments. It is needed for a business to maintain the running costs such as electricity and rent. It explains the importance of time, risk and returns on investment. The return on investment must always be more than the cost of capital, risk investment should be least. It is also needed in expanding a business. Today’s Managers need to be more commercially aware more so than ever before. Even if they do not have to manage budgets or finances themselves as part of their role they still need to understand about the financials of a company, what it all means and impact of their actions on the bottom line. If one plans the financial side of a business accurately he/she will be able to track the progress of their business in terms of profit and cash surpluses. Accurate financial documents will allow them to keep track of their cash flow and monitor how much of their loans have been paid off. They can measure their success through accurate financial planning. Financial documents will help them in keeping the records as- when company has retained enough profits to expand and improve its business. Improving business performance requires an understanding of the components of...
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...ENL213 ENGLISH FOR BUSINESS STUDY 2 JAN 2012 GROUP ASSIGNMENT CASE STUDY [SUPREMA CARS] YANG YUAN ZHONG I10006326 TONY WONG CHA CHIEN I11009191 LEE WAI HOE I11008687 GOH SU CHIN I11009206 Step 1 Summary of Case Study Suprema Cars is a marque that offers handmade classic English sports cars catering to people who want something different. Approximately 500 automobiles are fabricated annually in the company's plant in northern England. However, the company turned a loss in the previous biennial; which is resulted from declining sales and market share in the prior half decade. Factory workers' morale fell as they felt underpaid and treated unfairly. They objected to the management's decision to expand production, which will impair the quality of the cars, resulting in the escalation of malfunctioning automobiles in the last few months. Solutions available to curb the situation include tolerating lower profit margins, updating the plant, increasing manufacturing significantly, introducing in the United States, undertaking with a South East Asia engine manufacturer, devising green vehicles and obtaining capital plus skills from a European manufacturer. Step 2 Mind Map of Problems 1. Declining sales and profit Change in consumer preferences Insufficient advertising Low demand 1. Decreased reliability Increase in number of broken cars Substantial increase in production 2. O utdated design Change in demographics Younger generation Market wants more modern models ...
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...fully describe these words (finance and accounting) as both have very wide meanings and applications in the business world. Most business has an aim to make profit and to remain solvent and the above two concepts play an important role in achieving this objective. This paper aims to answer the above questions and further goes on to say why both should and are considered a vital part of business and their importance in the whole business set up. Literature Review Accounting has been defined as the soul of the business (Collin P, 2004). Accounting is described as the means by which information is communicated in a firm, and is thus known as the language of business. Accounting is described as a vital function in preventing fraud and corporate corruptions in organisations (Glautier, M.W.E. and B. Underdown, Accounting theory and practice). Accounting is important as it provides information to external parties (stakeholders) by providing a true picture on the business financial position. Finance is described as an administrative function aimed at raising funds for the business (B.B Howard. Introduction to Business Finance). Finance is aimed to maximise the value of the firm and attain the main objectives of the firm; I. Shareholders wealth maximisation II. Profit maximisation This is achieved by determining the optimum capital structure and the efficient utilisation of resources by analysing risk and return (B. B Howard. Introduction to Business Finance). Findings and analysis ...
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...Admission Office April 15, 2014 Dear Madams, Dear Sirs, I am honoured to apply for a place in the Master of Science Management with finance programme at your distinguished university because, as long as I can remember, I have had a passionate interest in Business. Since I was eleven, I have known I wanted to be a successful business advisor. As a child, I often accompanied my father to his company specialized in retailing of car accessories and equipment. Looking at those huge machines, collaborators working hand-in-hand to promote the functioning and results of the company, I was fascinated by this world. As I grew up, I progressively came to appreciate the importance of finance in the modern world. At university, I was fortunate to have been exposed to many interesting and challenging fields. I studied business, management, economics and marketing, although, I ultimately chose to major in Finance. These courses impressed upon me the importance of the financial sector in the economy. It is due to my understanding of the importance of finance and investment, coupled with my longstanding interest for this subject that I have decided to pursue postgraduate studies in finance at your prestigious university. I’m profoundly attached to the field of business and particularly to Finance and Marketing. I have studied very hard through the years at university to acquire strong theory bases. Specifically, the resources and expertise available in your university will...
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...Finance in the healthcare industry can be a very tricky subject. The primary role of finance in the health services is to plan for, obtain, and make use of resources to increase the productivity and value of the business (Nowicki 2007). Finance is a very important part of the health care industry. It keeps everything on track and in order so that things operate successfully. Without the right person(s) helping to operate the place of business the company can be in a great deal of trouble. When I think of finance I think of cash. In today’s economy cash flow is at its all time low. More people are trying to cut cost and much as they can. This means less doctor visits and sometime not going to the doctor at all. Which means that if your health care business is use to seeing a certain amount of patients and that number suddenly stops that can put some jobs at jeopardy. The role of finance has increased in the healthcare industry. Like I stated previously cash flow is at an all time low. With the high demands of hospitals, long term care, nursing homes, special practices and assisted living, the need for healthcare and funding is growing daily. There is a different age group that is being more catered to due to the aging population around. Funding is necessary for all levels of healthcare organizations, and there are some governmental hospitals/facilities, non-profit, and privately funded that need to be aware of the fast paced changes that are being made financially in the world...
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...Junior Cert Business Studies Topic: Business Finance Teaching Methods: Various Time: 40mins Ability: Mixed ability No. of Students: 16 Resources: Worksheet, YouTube. Visual aids have been promoted as an effective teaching tool by many educational theorists. Wilson (1967) stated that visual aids provide better understanding to the students and supports to the teachers for delivering lessons. As a teacher, I try to incorporate visual aids in to my lessons as much as possible because of their effectiveness. They can be used to introduce or conclude a topic, or simply to gain the students attention. The YouTube video I have decided to use for this assignment is one that will introduce the topic of Business Finance. At the beginning of the lesson, I will show the video to the class to give them an idea of the process behind obtaining finance for a start-up business. The video starts off by stating the difficulty that start-up companies have with raising finance and suggests alternative sources of finance that one could obtain. After this the video talks about preparing a business plan and the importance of credit. The video is essentially a three minute overview on how to finance a start-up organisation. Essentially, the video will be used to create a structure for the rest of the lesson. After watching the video, I can explain the different sources of finance that one can obtain and the complications that one will...
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...MANAGEMENT OF WORKING CAPITAL 1. Meaning and Types of Finance: Finance - Finance is the Art & Science of Managing Money - Finance is the Art of passing currency from hand to hand until it finally disappears Types & Sources of Finance ____________________________________________________________ ________ Long Term Sources of Finance - Finance required to meet Capital Expenditure - Also, known as Fixed Capital Finance Short Term Sources of Finance - Finance required to meet day-to-day Business requirements - Also, known as Working Capital Finance 2. Working Capital Management: Working Capital (WC) ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________ Basics regarding WC Meaning of WC Working Capital Concept Factors Affecting WC Meaning of WC Management Importance of WC Management Classification/Type of WC A On the Basis of Concept (i) (ii) Gross Working Capital Net Working Capital (Positive & Negative Working Capital) Methods of estimating WC Conventional Method Operating Cycle Method Cash Cost Method Balance Sheet Method B On the Basis of Periodicity (i) (ii) Fixed / Permanent Working Capital (Regular & Reserve Margin/ Cushion WC) Variable Working Capital (Seasonal & Special Working Capital) Parag Nalin Doshi 1/12/2009 www.CAalley.com Meaning of Working Capital: - Working Capital is the amount of Capital that a Business has available to meet the day-to-day cash requirements of its operations - Working...
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...Financial Terms 1. Finance: Finance is the science of the management of money and other assets. This is essential for businesses with importance to capital and holdings. (Titman, Keown, & Martin, 2011) 2. Efficient Market: Efficient market is defined as a price where the holdings show both current as well as relevant figures; the assets fundamentally have their actual prices. The affiliation to finance is that the statement of information efficiency is operating in asset management with respect to their assessments. 3. Primary Market: Primary market is defined as a market relating to new securities where the securities are sold first (Titman, Keown, & Martin, 2011) . The securities are directly purchased from the issuer. This is important in finance ability as an importance of the fact that the growth of long-term capital through the issuance of securities is a necessary issue in finance. 4. Secondary Market: Secondary market is defined as where securities are traded that has earlier been issued within the primary market (Titman, Keown, & Martin, 2011). Usually, the securities are issued in either public offering or private. This is necessary within finance because these markets provide liquidity to stake holders. 5. Risk: Risk is defined as a possibility when the investment might potentially be unsuccessful to receive the expected returns, which may result in the loss of the original investment. It is very important within finance to assess risk so that...
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...Global Finance Environment This paper will analyze the drivers and consequences of globalization, describe the risks associated with global investing, and explain the importance of cultural sensitivity and ethics in global finance. However, there first must be an understanding of what globalization entails. Globalization is the expansion of companies and entities into the international market; working, manufacturing, and selling or buying from two or more countries. Companies that sell to other countries or buy from other countries are not a good example, but those that have investment, manufacturing, or other divisions of the company in another country is definitely globalization. Drivers of Globalization Many drivers of globalization affect an organization financially. Improvements in communication and transportation such as internet, emails, mobile phones, formation of complex globalized economy, people must understand all aspects of global operations, particularly the international finance function along with the financial risks inherent in the global marketplace. By analyzing the major drivers and consequences of globalization, people are able to understand the cultural aspects of global trading as well as being able to identify and manage foreign exchange risks. Global Finance Environment This paper will analyze the drivers and consequences of globalization, describe the risks associated with global investing, and explain the importance of cultural sensitivity and...
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...MANAGEMENT OF WORKING CAPITAL 1. Meaning and Types of Finance: Finance - Finance is the Art & Science of Managing Money - Finance is the Art of passing currency from hand to hand until it finally disappears Types & Sources of Finance ____________________________________________________________________ Long Term Sources of Finance Short Term Sources of Finance - Finance required to meet Capital Expenditure - Also, known as Fixed Capital Finance - Finance required to meet day-to-day Business requirements - Also, known as Working Capital Finance 2. Working Capital Management: Working Capital (WC) ________________________________________________________________________________________ Basics regarding WC - Meaning of WC Working Capital Concept Factors Affecting WC Meaning of WC Management Importance of WC Management Classification/Type of WC A On the Basis of Concept (i) (ii) Gross Working Capital Net Working Capital (Positive & Negative Working Capital) Methods of estimating WC - Conventional Method Operating Cycle Method Cash Cost Method Balance Sheet Method B On the Basis of Periodicity (i) Fixed / Permanent Working Capital (Regular & Reserve Margin/ Cushion WC) (ii) Variable Working Capital (Seasonal & Special Working Capital) Parag Nalin Doshi 1/12/2009 www.CAalley.com Meaning of Working Capital: - Working Capital is the amount of Capital that a Business has available to meet the day-to-day cash...
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