...Question-1: What is finance? Ans: Finance is the life blood of every corporation. In the era of modern trade and commerce, business firm have to decide from where they will raise fund, where they will invest and how much of the profit will be distributed among the shareholders. “Finance” Came from Latin word “finis” means “dealing with the money”.finace is called the art and science of managing money. At the micro level, finance is the study of financial planning, asset management and fund raising for business and financial institutions. At the macro level, finance is the study of financial institution and financial markets and how they operate within the financial systems in both the domestic and global economics. Scholar’s view: “Finance consists of providing and utilizing the money, capital rights, credit and funds of any kind which are employed in the operation of an enterprise.” _George R Terry “Finance is concerned with the process, institutionsmarkets and instruments involved in the transfer of money among and between individuals, business and governments”. _Lawrence J Gitman From the above discussion, it can be said that finance is the process of financial planning, identification of sources of fund raising, investment of fund, protection of fund, distribution...
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...Objective The objective of this report is to study the steps, tools, process and the role of internal communication practices in British American Tobacco Bangladesh. 1.3 Scope This report contains brief overview of BATB and various aspects of its internal communication related to the objective. 4. Methodology The information of this report is collected from both primary and secondary sources. The primary source is oral interview with some company personnel while the secondary sources are company brochures and website. 1.5 Limitations The contents of this report are collected mainly through oral interview of some company personnel. Naturally they declined to give information which is confidential and related to the non-disclosed strategy of the company. So incompleteness in the information provided here is inevitable. 1.6 Definitions, Acronyms and Abbreviations Internal communications: Communication is often defined as an exchange of information. Internal communications includes all communication within an organisation. Internal communications may be oral or written, face to face or virtual, one-on-one or in a small group. Grapevine: The informal transmission of information, gossip, or rumor from person to person. Channel: Channel, in communications, sometimes called communications channel, refers to the medium used to convey information from a sender or transmitter to a receiver. Audience: An audience is a group of people who participate in an experience...
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...Finance in the healthcare industry can be a very tricky subject. The primary role of finance in the health services is to plan for, obtain, and make use of resources to increase the productivity and value of the business (Nowicki 2007). Finance is a very important part of the health care industry. It keeps everything on track and in order so that things operate successfully. Without the right person(s) helping to operate the place of business the company can be in a great deal of trouble. When I think of finance I think of cash. In today’s economy cash flow is at its all time low. More people are trying to cut cost and much as they can. This means less doctor visits and sometime not going to the doctor at all. Which means that if your health care business is use to seeing a certain amount of patients and that number suddenly stops that can put some jobs at jeopardy. The role of finance has increased in the healthcare industry. Like I stated previously cash flow is at an all time low. With the high demands of hospitals, long term care, nursing homes, special practices and assisted living, the need for healthcare and funding is growing daily. There is a different age group that is being more catered to due to the aging population around. Funding is necessary for all levels of healthcare organizations, and there are some governmental hospitals/facilities, non-profit, and privately funded that need to be aware of the fast paced changes that are being made financially in the world...
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...ENL213 ENGLISH FOR BUSINESS STUDY 2 JAN 2012 GROUP ASSIGNMENT CASE STUDY [SUPREMA CARS] YANG YUAN ZHONG I10006326 TONY WONG CHA CHIEN I11009191 LEE WAI HOE I11008687 GOH SU CHIN I11009206 Step 1 Summary of Case Study Suprema Cars is a marque that offers handmade classic English sports cars catering to people who want something different. Approximately 500 automobiles are fabricated annually in the company's plant in northern England. However, the company turned a loss in the previous biennial; which is resulted from declining sales and market share in the prior half decade. Factory workers' morale fell as they felt underpaid and treated unfairly. They objected to the management's decision to expand production, which will impair the quality of the cars, resulting in the escalation of malfunctioning automobiles in the last few months. Solutions available to curb the situation include tolerating lower profit margins, updating the plant, increasing manufacturing significantly, introducing in the United States, undertaking with a South East Asia engine manufacturer, devising green vehicles and obtaining capital plus skills from a European manufacturer. Step 2 Mind Map of Problems 1. Declining sales and profit Change in consumer preferences Insufficient advertising Low demand 1. Decreased reliability Increase in number of broken cars Substantial increase in production 2. O utdated design Change in demographics Younger generation Market wants more modern models ...
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...generation are working and living longer the health care system has to change. Reorganizing (organization) the health care system over the past 10 years has changed completely the procedure of delivery and financing. Better future planning however has been a challenged for the health care system. There are several factors cost cutting, services continue to reduced, the growth of revenues and return on the investments. This can be called mismanage care that has decreased cost (M. Cipriano-Silva, 1998). The health care workforce is the fastest growing career in America. Eleven million plus strong employees is most powerful workforce of health care today. Management has to able to control how the finances are spent and how will the health care workforce will be paid. Managers also have to interact with each other, developing different views are required to work among each other and work together. Nonfinancial management who can understand the healthcare system should be able to define negotiates successfully....
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...Development of Non Bank Financial Institutions to Strengthen the Financial System of Bangladesh - MONZUR HOSSAIN∗ -MD. SHAHIDUZZAMAN∗ Abstract Non-bank financial institutions (NBFIs) represent one of the most important parts of a financial system. In Bangladesh, NBFIs are new in the financial system as compared to banking financial institutions (BFIs). Starting from the IPDC in 1981, a total of 25 NBFIs are now working in the country. As on June 30, 2001 the total amount of paid up capital and reserve of 24 NBFIs stood Tk.6901.8 million (BB, 2002). The NBFIs sector in Bangladesh consisting primarily of the development financial institutions, leasing enterprises, investment companies, merchant bankers etc. The financing modes of the NBFIs are long term in nature. Traditionally our banking financial institutions are involved in term lending activities, which are mostly unfamiliar products for them. Inefficiency of BFIs in long-term loan management has already leaded an enormous volume of outstanding loan in our country. At this backdrop, in order to ensure flow of term loans and to meet the credit gap, NBFIs have immense importance in the economy. In addition, non-bank financial sector is important to increase the mobilization of term savings and for the sake of providing support services to the capital market. The focus of this paper is to highlight the necessity and importance of NBFIs to strengthen the financial system for rapid economic development of the country. 1. Introduction...
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...medical equipment and supplies and health services. Others include education institutions, government and private research agencies. b. What is meant by the term healthcare finance as used in this book? Healthcare finance is a term used in this book to describe accounting and financial management principles and practices used to ensure the financial well-being of health care organizations. c. What are the two broad areas of healthcare finance? The two broad areas of healthcare finance are accounting and financial management. Accounting is the recording of financial transactions concerning a business or organization, providing a summary of transactions. Financial management is the use of theory, principles, and concepts developed to help managers make better financial decisions. d. Why is it necessary to have a book on healthcare finance as opposed to a generic finance book? While each service industry has a certain definitive characteristic, the health service industry is different to most others. Non-profit corporations dominate the health service industry either by government or privately. Third parties such as insurance companies, employers and government programmes are the ones that make the majority of the payments to healthcare providers over individuals. The application of finance principals are emphasised according to the health service industry. 1.2 What is the difference between a business and a pure charity? The difference between a business...
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...services, insurance, equipment, supplies, drugs, and technology related to healthcare b. what is meant by the term health care finance as used in this book? healthcare finance is about accounting and financial management in healthcare. it provides organizations and managers with information as to help them make better financial decisions. c. what are the two broad areas of healthcare finance? * Accounting and financial management d. why is it necessary to have a book on healthcare finance as opposed to a generic finance book? - healthcare business in different than general business. healthcare services are mostly from not for profit corporations, which work with the normal investor owned corporations. because of insurance it also has third-party payers. 2. what is the difference between a business and pure charity? -businesses try to make profit, invest in its business. Charity work is non profit, and don’t make their revenue by selling their services. 3. a. briefly discuss the role of finance in the health services industry. -Finance is used to maximize efficiency and value. Also to implement cost controlling strategies. b. has this role increased or decreased in importance in recent years? increased. before healthcare used to make high profits and revenue, now its not so easy to be successful. finance is important and negligence in this department can lead to bankruptcy and closure. 4.a. briefly describe the following health...
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...CORPORATE FINANCE EXERCISE SESSION I: REVIEW ANSWER CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION TO CF: 1. What are the nature and the objective corporate finance? * Corporate finance: any financial or monetary activity that deals with a company and its money. * Objective: maximize the profits, increase liquidity, enhance competition ability 2. Describe the financial relationships in a company. Shareholders are considered partial owners of an organization, although business owners retain majority ownership. Employees work for companies and receive wages for their job performance, but do not own any part of the company unless they purchase stock or acquire it through benefits. (Shareholder Rights When investors buy shares of a company’s stock, they acquire ownership rights to the organization. However, shareholder ownership rights are usually limited. A corporation’s bylaws outline the specific rights of shareholders. In most cases, shareholders acquire rights to vote in members of a corporation’s board of directors, and to vote on certain issues that impact the organization. The voting power of shareholders is dependent on the number of individual shares owned. Shareholders possess certain rights to a company’s assets and dividends. If a company goes bankrupt, a bankruptcy court may award shareholders the rights to receive money from the liquidation of the company’s assets. Importance of Shareholders Companies depend on shareholders to buy their stocks to raise money for...
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...corporate behaviour and to determine the future financial performance of companies. ESG factors are a subset of non financial performance indicators that includes sustainable, ethical and corporate governance issues such as managing the company’s carbon footprint and ensuring there are systems in place to ensure accountability. The European Federation of Financial Analysts Societies (EFFAS) has defined topical areas for the reporting of ESG issues, and developed Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) for use in financial analysis of corporate performance. EFFAS has identified nine topical areas that apply to all sectors and industries: 1) Energy efficiency; 2) Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions; 3) Staff turnover; 4) Training & qualification; 5) Maturity of workforce; 6) Absenteeism rate; 7) Litigation risks; 8) Corruption; 9) Revenues from new products. the ESG Framework approach now provides investors with a comprehensive profile of the long-term sustainability for a publicly-owned corporation that may be in portfolio or is being considered for the portfolio. IMPORTANCE TO INVESTORS ESG has become part of investment to describe the performance of investment and fund portfolios on ESG criteria and the quality of their performance against measurable ESG factors that are reported to shareholders. Investors have considered the ESG considerations to be non-financial and intangibles – but for a growing number of investors, ESG Frameworks are very tangible with reflections...
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...MASTERS IN BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION MAY/2015 BMMF5103 MANAGERIAL FINANCE Q1: The role of a financial manager requires both an understanding of how the business functions as a whole and specialized financial knowledge. The head of the financial operations is called the chief financial officer (CFO). Financial managers develop strategies that will implement the long-term goals of a corporation. Their main goal is to maximize the value of stock shares. Stockholder wealth maximization is the appropriate goal for management decisions. The risk and timing associated with expected earnings per share and cash flows are considered in order to maximize the price of the firm’s common stock. Maximizing shareholder wealth is maximizing purchasing power or maximizing the flow of discounted cash flow to shareholders over a long term period. This is because under wealth maximization, more importance is given to cash flows rather than profitability. A basic principle is that ultimately wealth maximization should be discovered in increased net worth or value of business. So, to measure the same, value of business is said to be a function of two factors – earnings per share and capitalization rate. For a business, it is not necessary that profit maximization should be the only objective; it may concentrate on various other aspects like increasing sales, capturing more market share etc, which will take care of profitability. Some factors in profit comparison does...
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...Decisions (Unit 2) QFC Level: 4 Credit Value: 15 Credits Module Tutor: Yannick Fansi Student’s Name: Adeyinka Adedoyin Email: princessadeyinkaadedoyin@yahoo.com Student’s ID: 21834 Task 1: 1.1 Identify the Alternative Sources of finance that could be available to the business. (1.1, 1.2) Introduction In writing this assignment report, I will attempt to look into the different sources of finance that business can access or that available for starting a new business and I will also find out the implications of sources of finance and how it impacts on the business. It is often difficult to start a business without enough capital or cash, as all businesses require some form of finance throughout the life span of the business and for the operational cost of the day to day running of the business. Therefore without finance or raising enough capital the business can never materialised. It can therefore be argued that Finance is the life wire of a business as it plays a major role in starting a business. Finance can be used for various business projects including purchase of machinery, starting up a restaurant or for expanding existing business. When considering starting a business before raising the finance certain factors such as the size of the business, location of the business, the type of business and the target market as well as how profitable the business will be, it can therefore be argued that for a business to succeed it needs to have a good...
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...retain a copy of the assessment item on its database for the purpose of future plagiarism checking).I certify that I have read and understood the Institute Rules in respect of Student Academic Misconduct. | | | | | | | Date | Student Signature | B. MARKER TO COMPLETE Comment : | Grade | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Date | Marker’s Signature | | | IV’s Feedback | | | | | | | Date | IV’s Signature | Higher National Diploma in Business Management | Unit Title: Managing Financial Resources and Decisions | Assignment Title & Number:QCF-S1-A1-MFR | Learning Outcomes Covered:Outcome1: Understand the sources offinance available to a businessOutcome2:Understand the implications of finance as a resource within a businessOutcome3:Be able to make financial decisions based on financial informationOutcome4:Be able to evaluate the financial performance of a business | Assessment Criteria Covered: 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4,...
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...In this paper, we show the pivotal role business owners play in estimating the importance of the precautionary saving motive. Since business owners hold larger amounts of wealth than other households for non-precautionary reasons and also face highly volatile income, they induce a correlation between wealth and income risk regardless of whether or not a precautionary saving motive exists. Using data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics in the 1980s and the 1990s, we show that among both business owners and non-business owners, the size of precautionary savings with respect to labor income risk is modest and accounts for less than ten percent of total household wealth. However, pooling together the two groups leads to an artificially high estimate of the importance of precautionary savings. New data from the Survey of Consumer Finances further confirms that precautionary savings account for less than ten percent of total wealth for both business owners and non-business owners. Thus, while a precautionary saving motive exists and affects all households, it does not give rise to high amounts of wealth in the economy, particularly among those households who face the most volatile stream of income. Part of being a fair and effective manager is making good decisions. Knowing what is right is very important to personal and business ethics. However, doing what is right is critical to personal and business ethics. A strong unwavering commitment to your core values and guiding principles...
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...Module learning and Theories Section 1: The importance and role of economic information Macroeconomic has an impact across all business sectors. In the business environment of THE CONSORTIUM it has a high impact. This is due to the nature of the work in which the Consortium undertakes. The main area of business for THE CONSORTIUM is within training and development, predominately across the VCS. Recently THE CONSORTIUM secured a SFA contract to deliver Apprenticeships to support the 19 – 24 year NEET group. This funding stream is to support the delivery of the Government’s fiscal policy for youth unemployment. Training and development is a very competitive market, especially around Apprenticeships. Part of the Apprenticeship contract is to secure new job vacancies for Apprenticeship positions. Although there are Government incentives available for employers, the current economic climate means that businesses are reluctant to create new vacancies. This has an impact on securing new employment opportunities. Considering the impact of THE CONSORTIUM’s competitors, the larger training and development organisations have access to larger budgets and in such a competitive market they are able to offer ‘better’ packages to employers, including the wavier of any employer contributions towards the training costs of the Apprentice. Due to THE CONSORTIUM’s market share and the way in which the business is funded, this is not something that THE CONSORTIUM can compete with...
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