CHAPTER 1

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Fiber- reinforced concrete contains fibrous materials which intensifies its structural integrity. Since concrete is weak in tension, the use of conventional steel bars reinforcement and to some extent by the mixing of a sufficient volume of certain fibers. Its fibers include steel, glass, synthetics or natural fibers which provide varying properties to concrete. Also, its character changes with varying concretes, fiber materials, geometries, distribution, orientation, and densities.
Fibers have been used as a reinforcement since ancient times. In the 1900s, asbestos fibers were used in concrete. In the 1950s, the concept of composite materials came into being and fiber-reinforced concrete was one of the topics of interest. But due to health risks linked to asbestos, its substance in concrete and other building materials were replaced. Also, in the 1960’s, steel glass and synthetic fibers were used in concrete. Since then, new fiber-reinforced concretes are being researched to improve the tensile properties of concrete.

FIBER REINFORCED CONCRETE ADVANTAGES
PHILIPPINE ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS
The Environment of the Philippines is prone to natural disasters, particularly typhoons, floods, landslides, volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, and tsunamis, lying as it does astride the typhoon belt, in the active volcanic region known as thePacific Ring of Fire, and in the geologicall suitable region. The Philippines also suffers major human-caused environmental degradation aggravated by a high annual population growth rate, including loss of agricultural lands, deforestation, soil erosion, air and water pollution, improper disposal of solid and toxic wastes, loss of coral reefs, mismanagement and abuse of coastal resources, and overfishing
Waste mismanagement has serious environmental effects making the passage of the Republic Act (RA) 9003 or the Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000 a landmark environmental legislation in the Philippines. The law was crafted in response to the looming garbage problems in the country. RA 9003 declares the policy of the state in adopting a systematic, comprehensive and ecological solid waste management program that ensures the protection of public health and the environment and the proper segregation, collection, transport, storage, treatment and disposal of solid waste through the formulation and adoption of best environmental practices. Moreover, it illustrates the potentials and benefits of recycling not only in addressing waste management problems but also in alleviating poverty.
RA 9003 was passed by the Philippine Congress on December 20, 2000 and was subsequently approved by the Office of the President on January 26, 2001. It contains seven (7) chapters sub-divided into 66 sections setting out policy direction for an effective solid waste management program in the country.
The Philippines are prone to natural disasters, particularly typhoons, floods, landslides, volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, and tsunamis, lying as it does astride the typhoon belt, in the active volcanic region known as the “Pacific Ring of Fire,” and in the geologically unstable region between the Pacific and Eurasian tectonic plates. The Philippines also suffers major human-caused environmental degradation aggravated by a high annual population growth rate, including loss of agricultural lands, deforestation, soil erosion, air and water pollution, improper disposal of solid and toxic wastes, loss of coral reefs, mismanagement and abuse of coastal resources, and overfishing.
Incinerators, on the other hand, have significantly higher levels of greenhouse gas emissions (per kilowatt) than a coal-fired power plant when all of the carbon coming out of an incinerator stacks is measured. Such emissions are banned by the country’s Clean Air Act. Inaction on garbage contributes to the death of at least two persons every minute due to complications from environmental problems, which could be prevented if the country only developed a more efficient environmental management program. Mismanagement of waste has serious environmental consequences: ground and surface water contamination, local flooding, air pollution, exposure to toxins, and spread of disease. Many of the disposal sites contain infectious material, thus threatening sanitation workers and waste-pickers.

CHICKEN FEATHER USES
CHICKEN FEATHER FIBER PROBLEM

OBJECTIVES

Main Objective * Aims to determine if chicken feather fiber is a possible source to effectively reinforce a concrete
Specific Objective/s:

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
Utilization of Chicken Feather Fiber as an Additive in Concrete Mixture
Utilization of Chicken Feather Fiber as an Additive in Concrete Mixture

Evaluate Results
Evaluate Results
Curing
Curing
Slump Test
Slump Test
Design Mix
Design Mix
Preliminary test
Preliminary test
Shredding Chicken Feather into Fiber
Shredding Chicken Feather into Fiber
Acquiring Chicken Feather Specimen
Acquiring Chicken Feather Specimen

SCOPE AND DELIMITATIOM
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
DEFINITION OF TERMS

CHAPTER 2
DEFINITION AND USES OF CHICKEN FEATHER FIBER
PROPERTIES OF NATURAL FIBER
SAND
GRAVEL
CEMENT
CRITICAL LENGTH OF FIBER
THESIS ABOUT CHICKEN FEATHER FIBER
THESIS ABOUT FIBER REINFORCED CONCRETE
DISADVANTAGES OF CHICKEN FIBER
THESIS ABOUT THE EFFECT OF FIBER LENGTH ON TENSILE PROPERTIES OF CONCRETE

CHAPTER 3

RESEARCH DESIGN PRELIMINARY TESTS STANDARD TEST METHOD FOR BULK DENSITY AND VOIDS IN AGGREGATE (ASTM C 29/ C 29M- 97) SPECIFIC GRAVITY AND ABSORPTION OF COURSE AND FINE AGRREGATES (ASTM C127 & C128) CONCRETE MIX TRIALS AND SAMPLES SLUMP TEST (ASTM C 78) COMPRESSION TESTING (ASTM C 39) TENSILE STRENGTH TESTING SOURCES OF DATA
LOCALE OF THE STUDY
POPULATION SAMPLING
INSTRUMENTATION AND DATA COLLECTION
TOOLS FOR DATA ANALYSIS