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India Agrochemical Industry

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Submitted By patelprashant12
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Per hector agrochemical consumption in India is 500 gm compared to world average of 3 kg.

Issues facing pesticide industry in India: * Low level of modernization: less information dissemination, less adoption of modern farming practices (small farm size, financial risks, low irrigation level etc.) * The demand for pesticides is dependent on pest attack, crop yields, farmer’s capacity to buy pesticides and his awareness level & availability of credit.

Classification of Pesticide: * Insecticide: Insecticides are used to ward off or kill insects * Fungicide: Fungicides are used to control disease attacks on crops. * Rodenticide: Kills rodents like rat. * Herbicide: kills weeds in the field * Bio pesticides: expected to grow with increased demand of organic foods

Reasons behind high usage of insecticide in India: tropical climate more conductive to insecticide growth.
Reasons behind low usage of herbicide in India: high labour availability at lower cost and small farm size
Reasons behind low usage of fungicide in India: low penetration of modern horticulture practices
Biopesticide market share is insignificant.

Industry:
In India, there are about 125 technical grade manufacturers (10 multinationals), 800 formulators, over 145,000 distributors. 60 technical grade pesticides are being manufactured indigenously. Technical grade manufacturers sell high purity chemicals in bulk (generally in drums of 200-250 Kg) to formulators. Formulators, in turn, prepare formulations by adding inert carriers, solvents, surface active agents, deodorants etc. These formulations are packed for retail sale and bought by the farmers.

Key market participants include United Phosphorus Ltd, Bayer Crop science Ltd, Rallis India Ltd, Gharda Chemicals Ltd, Syngenta India Ltd, BASF India Ltd, etc. Top ten companies control almost 80% of the market share. The market share of large players depends primarily on product portfolio and introduction of new molecules. Strategic alliances with competitors are common to reduce risks and serve a wider customer base.

* Seasonality in demand leading to higher capacity, higher inventory, longer credit period, high working capital * Generic market and low on R&D * Less prices compared to global * High level of generic export owing to lo manufacturing cost (Still facing stiff competition from china) * For research driven companies India can be attractive destination for contract research and testing.

Globally top 5 players control around 60% of market share, while industry in India is quite fragmented.

Newer trends: * Integrated pest management * Bio-pesticides * GM crops (GM has been threat on pesticide industry overall but it has been quite beneficial for the herbicide consumption- round up ready crops)
Growth Drivers: * Increasing demand for food grains * Limited land availability * Increase awareness and modernization * Growth of horticulture

Challenges: * High R&D costs forcing Indian companies into price sensitive commoditized generic market * Threat from GM crops * Improving efficiency of distribution system * Integrated pest management * Organic farming * Counterfeit products
Opportunities:
* Scope for increase in usage: With ~35-40% of the total farmland under crop protection, there is a significant unserved market to tap into. By educating farmers and conducting special training programmes regarding the need to use agrochemicals, Indian companies can hope to increase pesticide consumption. * Huge export potential * Expiring patents * Product portfolio expansion: Threats like genetically modified seeds, Integrated Pest Management, organic farming etc. can be turnedinto opportunities if the industry re-orients itself to better address the needs of its consumers and broadens its product offering to include a range of agri-inputs instead of only agrochemicals. *

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