...INDUSTRIAL DISPUTES ACT AMENDED AFTER 26 YEARS _______________________________________________________________________ MINISTRY OF LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT NOTIFICATION New Delhi , the 15th September, 2010 S.O. 2278(E).- In exercise of the powers conferred by sub-section (2) of Section 1 of the Industrial Disputes (Amendment) Act, 2010 (24 of 2010), the Central Government hereby appoints the 15 th Day of September, 2010, as the date on which the said Act shall come into force. [F.No.S-11012/1/2007-IR(PL)] RAVI MATHUR, Addl. Secy. THE INDUSTRIAL DIPSUTES (AMENDMENT) ACT, 2010 No.24 OF 2010 [18 th August, 2010] An Act further to amend the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947. Be it enacted by Parliament in the Sixtieth Year of the Republic of India as follows:- 1. (1) This Act may be called the Industrial Disputes (Amendment) Act, 2010. (2) It shall come into force on such date as the Central Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, appoint. 2. In the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 (hereinafter referred to as the principal Act), in section 2, -. (i) in clause (a),- (a) in sub-clause (i), for the words “major port, the Central Government, and�, the words “major port, any company in which not less than fifty-one per cent of the paid-up share capital is held by the Central Government , or any corporation, not being a corporation referred to in this clause, established by or under any law made by Parliament, or the Central public sector...
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...in order to not spend money that could be saved makes companies need less employees, and that creates more unemployment overall. Furthermore, the New Deal “began to find expression in diverse forms which were often contradictory. Some assisted and some retarded the recovery of industrial activity.” (Document D). People were confused as in what was what FDR was really trying to achieve with contradictory organizations like The National Recovery Administration- which controlled the industry codes in a really unfair way – and the Public Works Administration – a plan to spend (maybe waste?) 6 billion dollars from the American Government in building unneeded bridges, roads etc just so some people could get jobs. Some people also believed that having the employees’ wages increase “[has] no direct relation to interstate commerce.” (Document F) This meant that it was a little confusing to understand how increasing wages could help interstate commerce since they didn’t seem to be related in such a way. The question starting to form in peoples minds was: How was making industries spend more money in the employees’ wages going to help the country’s economy in any way? Some also believed that things like the Wagner Act would end up making employees work...
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...most of their farm land. There was also agricultural overproduction, which resulted in an uncontrollable disaster for the workers. Thus, the Congress launched the Agricultural Adjustment Act to try to combat the farming disaster. This act set quotas and limitations on agricultural production by paying the farmers money to not to plan as much crops. This act successfully slowed down the production and caused increased income for farmers and raised farm prices. However, this act only benefited the interest of landowners and not those who were sharecropping because it led the eviction of many poor tenants and sharecroppers, which was not very effective in its goal. Agricultural Adjustment Act also met a lot of criticism and was ruled unconstitutional by the US Supreme Courts, saying that the act cause many to kill off livestock and crops. This act also caused farmers to become migrants who “have gone through the hell of the drought, have seen their lands wither and die and the top soil blow away; and this, to a man who has owned his land, is a curious and terrible pain,” (Voices 168), John Steinbeck stated in his writing, the Harvest Gypsies. Steinbeck described the condition and feeling of the farmers that were forced to move and travel. He used this to explain how the Agricultural Adjustment Acts resulted in many farmers losing...
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...Depression? There are several reasons behind what actually caused the Great Depression. The Great Depression was not the first the nation experienced, but it was the most memorable. With recklessness on Wall St. Stock Market – excessive greed “buying on the margin” and over speculation. The banking industry took a dive for the worse. Farmers suffered tremendously because of the plummeting agricultural prices. Hoover attempted to intervene, but the acts passed by Congress and signed by him were the worst. Many believe it caused the problem to exacerbate. Hoover signed the Smoot- Hawley Act, which raised taxes. Raising taxes at a time of a depression was the worst. It was guaranteed to be doomed. President Hoover did led the Food Relief Effort, which put food into the hands of many Europeans during the world wide depression. During the Election of 1932 Hoover is defeated by Franklin Roosevelt. Roosevelt attempts to pass a number of acts in 100 days. This is also called the New Deal. Roosevelt’s New Deal was put into place to help the struggling economy during this very fragile time. In 1933, Legislation was passed under Roosevelt. The...
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...Georgia Gardner Strayer University Professor Irina V. Nowak CONTEMPORARY US HISTORY “PROGRESSIVE ERA THROUGH THE GREAT DEPRESSION” August 3, 2013 Introduction: The Great Depression was an era in the American history that so many people would wish to forget. The 1920s saw the country going through various phases of poverty resulting from the crash of the stock market, job losses, collapsing of businesses in all industries in the country. The Great Depression was like no other crisis the country faced, it was never ending and there was suffering everywhere especially among the poor. There were three major factors that contributed significantly to the Great Depression with the most important being the ‘crash’ of the stock market, this is due to the fact that the strength of the United States of America was measured in many ways by the success of the stock market and with the stock market thriving as it was there was noticeable growth in various business entities. With the growth of the stock market, the rich investors also prospered as they could afford to purchase various stocks, at the same time the Federal Government reduced taxes especially for them. Not long after, came the ‘crash’ of stock market which sent Wall Street into a state of panic and literally crippled many big investors, and this ricochet to other industries such as Agriculture, which was already on the decline, the automobile and the construction industry also suffered as...
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...growth and end the depression. Soon money starts to cycle and dollars start to circulate. As we know the first deal controlled production by limiting production and kept things stable. With the second deal people were not spending enough money so they came up with ways to help make improvements. One way that was put into effect was the Social Security Act. That act put money in the hands of the elderly to be able to spend once they are able to retire. Roosevelt signed the Social Security Act in 1935 which did help provide income for poor elderly persons. During these ruff times and being elderly was not easy. The Great Depression cause age discrimination within jobs and made it hard for the elderly to find jobs. The next thing to help the economy was the Wagner Act that came into effect in 1935. The Wagner Act was a guarantee right that workers were treated right and with respect. It made it possible for workers to have fair pay and have justified labor. The Wagner Act established the rights of employees to organize, join, or aid labor unions and to participate in collective bargaining through their representatives. The act also authorized unions to take intensive action for these purposes. This meant that workers could lawfully strike and take other peaceful action as a way of placing pressure on an employer. This was banned employers from engaging in unfair labor practices that interfere with the union rights of...
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...and shook the entire nation for the hope that they were looking for. Although not all of the plans for this proposal were accomplished, it took great part in lowering the unemployment rate, it created acts and legislations that helped bring back the economy, and impacted our outlook and actions towards the environment. Roosevelt quickly took over as he began his term to work to put the New Deal into effect. In just the beginning of his time in office, he had initiated 15 big pieces of legislation. One of the first acts that he started was the Emergency Banking Relief Act of 1933. At the time, banks had been closing far and wide throughout the nation due to terrified citizens that were withdrawing all the money that they had. The Emergency Relief Act regulated banking and foreign exchange, and also reopened closed banks. This helped gain some of the Americans trust back, but not all of it. To help the people gain more confidence in their banks again, the Glass-Steagall Act was also launched which ensured individual bank accounts under the form of the Federal Deposit Insurance. Statistics show that because of these acts of legislation, bank failures went from thousands, to only 57 in 1934. The actions to turn the country around however, did not stop there. Roosevelt also passed acts that...
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...If President Franklin Roosevelt and the National Industrial Recovery Act Had Never Existed? According to former President Franklin Roosevelt, the National Industrial Recovery Act (NRA) which was passed by Congress on June 16, 1933, is "the most important and far-reaching ever enacted by the American Congress," This law was established to help bring the world out of the Great Depression. The Great Depression is defined as the economic crisis suffered when the stock market crashed in late 1929 and continued through the 1930’s era. During this time, the NIRA allowed employees to right to organize without the interference of their employers. The employees were given the right to organize and bargain using whomever they chose to represent them. Without the NRA and Franklin Roosevelt, unemployment would have crippled a nation. During this time period, approximately one quarter of workers were unemployed. Had President Roosevelt and his entrusted advisers not come up with a plan to bring the United States out of this economic travesty, the world as we know it today may not exist. We could have very well continued on being poor and manipulated by those with power. The various laws we have I place protecting us as workers wouldn’t exist and we may not have necessarily had the freedom and rights that we have the privilege of having today. Works Cited http://www.socialwelfarehistory.com/new-deal/national-industrial-recovery-act-of-1933/ Twomey, D. P. (2013). Labor and Employment...
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...The Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 Preliminary: The Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 extends to whole of India. It came into operation on the first day of April, 1947. This Act replaced the Trade Disputes Act of 1929. The Trade Disputes Act imposed certain restraints on the right of strike and lockout in Public Utility Services. But no provision was existing for the settlement of Industrial Disputes, either by reference to a Board of Conciliation or to a Court of Inquiry. In order to remove this deficiency, the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 was passed. Scope and Objects (Sec. 1) , The objects of the industrial relation's legislation in general are to maintain industrial peace and, to achieve economic justice. . . The prosperity of any industry very much depends upon its growing production. Production is possible when the industry functions smoothly without any disturbances. This means industrial peace through harmonious relationship between labour and management. Therefore every industrial relations legislatiqn necessarily aims at providing conditions congeniel to the industrial peace. Economic justice is another objective of industrial legislation. Almost all industrial interuptions in production are due to industrial disputes. Dissatisfaction with the existing economic conditions is the root cause of industrial disputes. The labour demands for fair return is expressed in varied forms; e.g. increase in wages, resistance to decrease in wages and grant of...
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...Industrial disputes and it’s resolution on the garments industry of Bangladesh Borna Akter Department of Management Govt. BM College Barisal, Bangladesh BBA(Honours),2nd year Roll No. Md. Mizan Rahaman Assistant Professor Department of Management Govt. BM College Barisal, Bangladesh. Date of preparation: ABSTRACT Industrial dispute has been touted as a major constraint in the economy of Bangladesh. While poor management and inadequate institutional factors were widely blamed for the high propensity of industrial dispute, formation of workers’ behavioural intention of industrial dispute has hardly been studied in the context of Bangladesh. Based on three cases from Bangladesh Export Processing Zone (BEPZ), we apply theory of planned behaviour to identify what are the factors that influence the...
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...The Industrial Court is a non-departmental tribunal from the public body with legal powers. It was initially established in 1919 to provide settlement for industrial disputes and it still provide voluntary arbitration role. It also has a constitutional power about taking decisions between trade unions and employers or the management. The Industrial court is also known as the labour court. According to the Industrial Court Act in Mauritius the Industrial court is established by section 3 of the Industrial Court Act. The Industrial Court is composed of two Magistrates who are appointed by the Judicial and Legal Service Commission. The industrial law has some other powers that is any worker facing any difficulties at work can apply to the magistrate...
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...Labor Relations Labor management relations has become one of the most delicate and complex problems of modern industrial society. Labor management progress is impossible without cooperation of labors and harmonious relationships. Therefore, it is in the interest of all to create and maintain good relations between employees (labor) and employers (management). The term ‘Labor management Relations’ comprises of two terms: ‘Labor’ and ‘Relations’. “Labor” refers to “any productive activity in which an individual (or a group of individuals) is (are) engaged”. By “relations” we mean “the relationships that exist within the industry between the employer and his workmen.” The term labor management relations explains the relationship between employees and management which stem directly or indirectly from union-employer relationship. Background Information Our history of industrial relations is one of oppression from the owner’s/employers’ part. Our industrial relations date back to the 60’s of the 18th century when rail lines were established here for the first time. The workers had to endure colonial suppression and the employers main concern was their own profits-not the workers well being. Laborers were treated as animals. Any sort of objection raised on part of the labors could be faced with death in the hands of the owners. Reflections of this trend are still visible in contemporary Bangladesh. The labour law system is more than a century old in Bangladesh. The first labour...
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... Diksha Juneja (141419) Smita Pillai (143107) Siddharth Chatterjee (153105) Batch: MBA-FT (2014-2016) Institute of Management, Nirma University Date of Submission: December 21, 2015 Introduction: This project is a review of various amendments in labour laws that have been done to make the labour laws more relevant with the needs of labour and society. The first Law is 1) Industrial Disputes Act (1947): (I)In the amendment to the Industrial Disputes Act, wherein the definition of a workman now includes a supervisor drawing a salary upto Rs. 10,000 p.m. and any person performing supervisory functions but being paid below Rs. 10,000 p.m. would be treated as workmen. In Maharashtra, where such workmen get protection of the MRTU & PULP Act, it means that termination of the supervisors can also become an industrial dispute and they would be workmen for all practical purposes. This is an important change, though many supervisors are paid in excess of Rs. 10,000/- this change is worthy of notice. i) The definition of ‘Appropriate Government’. ii) Has been amplified. (ii)While the definition of workmen remains the same, section 2(s) (IV) has been amended to exclude a person who is employed in a Supervisory capacity draws wages exceeding...
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...1 Introductions The concept of industrial relations has a wide meaning. The expression industrial relations by itself means relationship that emerges out of day-to-day working and association of labour and management. But when taken in its wider sense, it includes ‘the relation between an employee and an employer in the course of running of an industry’. Actors in the IR system Three main parties are directly involved in industrial relations: Employers: Employers possess certain rights vis-à-vis labors. They have the right to hire and fire them. Management can also affect workers’ interests by exercising their right to relocate, close or merge the factory or to introduce technological changes. Employees: Workers seek to improve the terms and conditions of their employment. They exchange views with management and voice their grievances. They also want to share decision making powers of management. Workers generally unite to form unions against the management and get support from these unions. Government: The Government influences and regulates industrial relations through laws, rules, agreements, it also includes third parties and labor and tribunal courts. 1.2 Definition The Oxford Dictionary defines industrial relations (IR) as the "interaction between employers, employees, and the government; and the institutions and associations through which such interactions are mediated." Sometimes treated as the equivalent of labor relations, industrial relations considers the impact of...
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...Singapore is intended to highlight Singapore‟s industrial relations system in general and, in particular, the extent to which industrial relations actors, social institutions and legislation are aligned through social and labour policies to create a sustainable climate of industrial peace and harmony that helps maintain the City State‟s global competitiveness. This analysis of Singapore‟s success story is part of a comparative study of national systems of tripartism and social dialogue, intended to cull good practices that may be adapted and adopted in other countries of the region. iii iv Contents Foreword iii 1. Singapore’s Labour Force, Labour Institutions and Key Labour Laws Singapore’s labour force and employment in brief Trade union membership Labour institutions Ministry of Manpower Industrial Arbitration Court Trade unions Singapore National Employers Federation Key labour laws and collective bargaining The Employment Act The Industrial Relations Act The Trade Unions Act The Trade Disputes Act The collective bargaining process (enterprise level) Disputes settlement through conciliation and arbitration 1 1 2 2 3 4 4 5 5 5 7 8 8 10 11 2. Tripartite Social Dialogue Bodies 13 3. Tripartism and Social Dialogue National Wages Council Central Provident Fund Tripartism: success stories Employment of older workers Productivity movement Workers’ training Industrial peace and harmony with social justice Other tripartite...
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