...In this essay, I will explain the theory and processes of learning from Honey and Mumford and Kolb and also the key influences of the personal learning processes of individuals. Learning is a process by which we gain knowledge and skills. The process of learning starts in early experiences as a small child and then continues through formal education and academic study or training. Learning is not only limited to formal education but also continues informally throughout your life. Most health and social care workers are expected to support the learning of other staff as a routine aspect of their work. Two of the most known theories linked to learning are Kolb’s experimental learning cycle (1984) and Honey and Mumford’s. David Kolb first published his learning styles models in 1984 from which he developed his learning style inventory. His experimental learning cycle helps us to understand how adults learn. According to Kolb, the way in which people learn are called their cognitive abilities. This means the ways in which an individual thinks by using their own knowledge and experiences. He suggested that during adolescence and early adulthood, we develop our own preferences in the way in which we process information and use it to make sense of our experiences. Kolb’s experiential learning cycle is represented by a four stage learning cycle: 1. Concrete experience – this is the ‘doing’ stage where you carry out or participate in an action 2. Reflective observation – reviewing...
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...Generational Influences on Learning Myra R. Nickles Webster University Generational Influences on Learning Overview/Summary of Article written by Sandra Gibson: E N H A N C I N G: Intergenerational Communication in the Classroom: Recommendations for Successful Teacher-Student Relationships and article written by Lynn Lancaster and David Stillman: From World War I to the World Wide Web: traditionalists, baby boomers, generation Xers and Millennials at work. The article written by Lynn Lancaster and David Stillman: “From World War I to the World Wide Web: traditionalists, baby boomers, generation Xers and millennials at work” is an excerpt from a book written by Lancaster and Stillman entitled , “When Generations Collide: Who They Are. Why They Clash. How to Solve the Generational Puzzle at Work.” This article discusses four separate distinct generations that make up the modern day workforce. The Traditionalists or individuals born between 1900 and 1945 make up approximately seventy-five million people. The largest population ever born in this country, the Baby Boomers, born between 1946-1964, total approximately eighty million. The smallest numbered group of approximately forty-six million, the Generation Xers, were born between 1965-1980, and the Millennials, born between 1981-1999, make up of approximately seventy-six million. Lancaster and Stillman, (2003). Sandra Gibson in her article, “E N H A N C I N G: Intergenerational Communication in the Classroom: Recommendations...
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...FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE HIGH SCHOOL STUDENT’S LEARNING AND DEVELOPMENT Reflection “Adolescence is the conjugator of childhood and adulthood” according to Louise J. Kaplan. Adolescence is a period of transition in terms of physical, cognitive and socio-emotional changes. The aspect of individuality in adolescent development is very unique to each individual, but there are some issues which they may have a similarities. There is some changes on how they will interact to the other people which it can affect to their learning and development. There are some factors that influence the learning and development of the high school learners. Family, school, peers, technology or media, and internal factor are some of these. The relationship between the family members is a major factor that influences adolescent’s learning and development. If an adolescent belongs to a family which they usually have conflicts and has poor communication skills, it will have a negative effect on his behavior. He may not be able to focus on his studies; it is hard for him to acquire knowledge when he is depressed because of family problems. Therefore it is very important to have a good relationship between the family members and has an effective parenting which parents nurture, encourage and support (clear and consistent discipline) their children to prevent these negative effects. One of the factors that influence high school students is peers or a group of people having the same age. Peers are said...
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...Factors which influence Learning, Relationships and Communication in a Classroom Studies have shown that learning, relationships and communication actively interrelate, influencing each other. If a teacher has good communication skills they will develop a good relationship with their students which in turn will have a positive effect on the learning environment (Kyriacou 1998). However, over the years theorists in educational psychology have viewed pupils’ motivation as one of the most important features that contribute to student learning (Chrisotphel 1990). Therefore, this essay will critically discuss motivation as a key factor that influences these three areas. According to Seifert (1999) motivation affects the amount of time and energy students are willing to devote to any task. If motivation is essential for learning students need reasons to expend the energy. Teachers are the main adults in students live for several hours during the week. Therefore teachers are given the opportunity to play a significant role in the pupil’s social and personal development (Woolfolk et al 2008). It is the teachers’ responsibility to establish such an environment, flourished with positive energy which enables pupils to reach their potential both academically and socially. Factors which influence Communication In order to motivate the students it is essential that the teacher has the necessary skills. Communication is of immense importance in relation to teaching skills. When communication...
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...P1 explain key influences on personal learning processes on individuals. The Kolbs experimental learning cycle helps us to understand how adults learn. Cognitive abilities are how people learn. Kolbs identified two pairs of opposite factors, when these are combined together they show a learning cycle with four different stages of learning, each staged has to be followed in the correct sequence. The four stages are: * Concrete experience – the doing stage where you carry out/participate in an action/actions. * Reflective observations – the reviewing or reflecting stage. You think about what you did/what happened during the concrete stage. * Abstract conceptualisation – the concluding stage in relation to the concrete experience (called the theorising stage sometimes). It is the stages where you use all the information you have gained about the experience to organise your thoughts into some sort of order and make sense of the experience. * Active experimentation – this is the planning or trying out stage. The important point here is that you tackle an aspect of the activity differently from the first time. Describe Honey and Mumford’s theory of learning styles: Learning styles | Characteristics | Preferred learning situation | Less favourable learning situation | Activist | • Like to be involved• Like new ideas • Lose interest quickly • ’Jump first/think later’ mentality • Like to dominate | • New experiences • Working with others • Taking...
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...Previous learning and experiences; Primary school was a big influence on my learning as at the beginning of Junior school I was really rubbish at Maths, so my head teacher used to hold maths classes after school to help me and others out and then by the time I was in year 6 taking my sats tests I got a high level which made me feel very happy as even to this day I am still good at Maths. Some bad experiences that I’ve had as well, but mainly in high school I was made to do a course called computing but as me and my teacher didn’t get on and he wasn’t supportive I failed the course and he blamed it all on my for not being a good pupil. But then in Product Design I loved it and me and my teacher did get on but I didn’t feel like I was going to pass but with all the extra support I was given with my course work and exam preparation I managed to get a B and was like 3 marks of an A. Attitude and self-discipline: My attitude towards doing coursework can be good but I work better under pressure knowing that I have to get the work done. Also if I’m given a deadline I make sure that the work is done for that deadline. Aspirations and motivations: I am doing health and social care because I either want to be something on the lines of a social worker or a probation officer. I want to be a social worker because I have a sister with special needs and she doesn’t get enough help from them and I want to be a social worker that will always be there for them. Also I want to be a probation...
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...Topic: Learning Styles in Different Cultures. 2. Research Question: 1. Do learning styles differ from various cultures？ 2. In which aspects could Asian students learn from western in learning styles？ 3. Reference: Andrea, D., & Wintergerst, A. C. (2005). Assessing and Validating a Learning Styles Instrument. System: An International Journal of Educational Technology and Applied Linguistics, 33(1), 1-16. Bodycott, P. (2012). Embedded culture and intercultural adaptation: implications for managing the needs of Chinese Students. Journal of Higher Education Policy and Management, 34(4), 355-364. doi:10.1080/1360080X.2012.689199.Bruinsma, M. (2003). Effectiveness of higher education: Factors that determine outcomes of university education. S.l.: ICO. Buckingham, D., & Scanlon, M. (2004). Home learning and the educational marketplace. Oxford Review of Education, 30(2), 287-303. doi:10.1080/0305498042000215575.Cassidy, S. (2004). Learning Styles: An overview of theories, models, and measures. Educational Psychology: An International Journal of Experimental Educational Psychology, 24(4), 419-444. doi:10.1080/0144341042000228834.Charlesworth, Z. M., Cools, E., & Evans, C. (2010). Learning in higher education ? how cognitive and learning styles matter. Teaching in Higher Education, 15(4), 2010. doi:10.1080/13562517.2010.493353.Chiou, H. H., & Chen, B. H. (2012). Learning style, sense of community and learning effectiveness in hybrid learning environment...
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...A Cross-Cultural Comparison of Learning and Teaching Styles in Germany and Brazil, and the Influence of Cultural Values With the globalization phenomena more present than ever in our societies, teachers and students have the chance to learn and experience different practices in education. It is easier nowadays to find students, and teachers too, from different parts of the world in a classroom. However, even with this more frequent contact, there are some important distinctions on the learning process and teaching styles between individuals from different cultures that would explain how these people act and interact with each other on the educational environment. The behavior of an individual, student or teacher, in a classroom may have much to do with the cultural background that this particular person comes from. Each society will think about education considering their own needs, and in this way their adopted systems and methods to train their students might differ from each other (Barmeyer, 2004). On this mindset, the present study will be conducted in comparative terms between a German student, who was interviewed by me, a Brazilian student, highlighting the differences and possible similarities in educational experiences in our home countries. In order to conduct these comparisons, I will use Hofstede’s cultural dimensions of Power Distance – referring to the power distribution in our societies - and Individualism vs. Collectivism – the degree of integration of each...
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...Learning Personality Paper Tyra Bailey, Edward Oliver, Jr. Psychology 405 April 10, 2012 Dr. Bruce Peterson Learning Personality Paper Several men such as Albert Bandura, B.F Skinner in 20th century studied learning personally behaviors to change the learning mindset of people in the world. In this learning personality paper Team D, will analyze the strengths and limitations of learning theories when explaining individual leaning behaviors. An assessment of how learning theories affect individual personalities will also be included. Interpersonal relationships and how learning theories may or may not affect the individual will be examined. The learning theories propose that behavior is learned through your environment and what you see around you. The theory believes individuals are born as tabula rasa, which means a blank slate. Although born a “blank slate” the response to stimuli which include pleasure or pain are evident. These theories do not believe in innate nature or automatic personality structure. The influences that the environment has on behavior can be studied and therefore the impact on the personalities can be measured. Theorists are able to control environmental influences which make it easier to manipulate the variables for laboratory testing. Laboratory testing is important when trying to change a psychological theory into a scientific method. The learning theorists believe an individual personality is affected by environmental influences and learned...
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...There are ranges of influences that can affect someone’s learning; these consist of the learning style, the influence on learning, the skills for learning, learning support and the learning opportunities Learning Styles There are theorists called Honey and Mumford, they devised a theory discussing the 4 different types of learning, these consist of; Activists, Reflectors, Theorists and Pragmatists. An Activist is someone who likes to learn directly, they benefit from brainstorming, problem solving, group discussions, puzzles, competitions and role-play. A Theorist is someone who likes to know the things behind an action, they benefit from models, statistics, stories, quotes, background information and applying theories. A Pragmatist is someone who needs to know how learning works in the real world, these benefit from thinking about how to apply techniques into the real world, case studies, problem solving and discussions. Finally, a Reflector is someone who learns about observing and thinking about actions, these benefit from paired discussions, self analysis questionnaires, time out, observing activities, time out, observing activities, feedback, coaching and interviews. I have taken the Honey and Mumford questionnaire, and it revealed that I was a Reflector, but I had a bit of Activist in me as well. Another learning style is the VARK. VARK Consists of 4 different groups, Visual, Audio, Read/Write and Kinaesthetic, I have taken a quiz and it has revealed that my VARK consists...
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...(Cooksey, 2003, p. 204). Learning to adapt to, and benefit from, changes and unpredictability in the environment is essential to an organisation’s success. However with this environment as the context for organisational learning, difficulties with traditional linear organisational learning becomes clear (Cooksey, 2003, p. 205). Systems thinking provides a way to understand the internal and external relationships within the organisation and the way that these can influence the organisation. In addition to building a more complete understanding of how organisation’s function, systems thinking brings together the elements that an organisation requires in order for it to be a learning organisation. These include personal mastery, team learning, building shared vision, effective leadership and learning processes and practices. In order to make sense of the complex tasks and problems that occur within organisational environments, we break them down into smaller tasks and problems which, although it makes them more manageable, leaves us with a disjointed view and we lose sight and our connection with the ‘whole’ (Senge, 2006, p. 3). Cooksey (2003, p. 206) notes that in the short term this search for simple, generalised solutions to problems within the business environment may provide favourable results, in the longer term it will often fail. The reason it fails is that the solution often does not take into account the sensitivities and complexities which influence the business as a whole...
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...Social-Learning theory has most influenced my beliefs and assumptions about individuals. Social-learning theory main concept is the idea that behavior learned through watching others. This term is coined observational learning. Social-Learning theory, in contrast to Behavioral theorist , do not believe that reinforcement is responsible for all learning. In fact Social learning theorist Albert Bandura extended research which not included social learning but also included behavioral and cognitive learning to be incorporated. This was the main reason to which some refer to social learning theory as social-cognitive theory. Social- Learning Theory also assume an individual's behavior, environment and personal qualities influence one another. Social-Learning theory believe that optimal observational learning can be acquired through three model. One of which is live model, in live model an actual person is demonstrating the behavior. The next model is verbal instruction. In this model the individual is instructed in detail the behavior and how to engage in that behavioral. The last model is symbolic, influences in this model includes television, radio, movies, internet, literature etc. As well in the model fictional or real demonstration of the behavior. As well Bandura believed that there are steps in which modeling process involved. The first step is Attention. In Attention one must pay attention to the behavior that is being modeled in order to learn. The second step is Retention...
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...on how spirituality influences adult learning. There is often some confusion between "spirituality" and" religion." Generally, spirituality is described as an individuals personal experience with the sacred, that can be experienced anywhere. Religion, on the other hand is often described as an organized community of faith. (Tisdell, 2008). Spirituality has had an important influence on adult education throughout history. There are four primary ways spirituality influences adult learning. The first way states that many adult learning professors have had a career in ministry, at some point (Tisdell, 2008). The second way states that recent writers have discussed the influence of spirituality and soul in how it affects learning on an individual level (Dirkx, 1997, 2001; English and Gillen, 2000; Hunt, 2001). The third influence would be learning in the workplace, here authors focus on how it influences how they think or act in a professional environment or in working for the common good as a leader or educator (Bolman and Deal, 1995; Daloz, Keen, Keen, and Parks, 1994; Conger, 1994; English, Fenwick, and Parsons, 2003; Fox, 1995). Finally we see a strong influence of spirituality present in those educating for social justice in myriad adult education settings (Clover, Follen, and Hall, 1998; Dillard, 2006; English, 2005; Tisdell, 2003; Tolliver and Tisdell, 2006). Much of the learning from these types of spiritual experiences, especially from spiral learning, resulted in further...
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...Introduction Background of the Study Communication is about more than just exchanging information. It's about understanding the emotion and intentions behind the information. Effective communication is also a two-way street. It’s not only how you convey a message so that it is received and understood by someone in exactly the way you intended, it’s also how you listen to gain the full meaning of what’s being said and to make the other person feel heard and understood. Some students are weak in the communicative ability or skills particularly in oral communication which are essential in the entirety of their learning. They always strive to prove themselves to communicate especially in English. Sometimes they succeed, but most of the time they failed. They do not stop or quit in any cause. They build themselves into better individual and what make them improve, is because of the influence of...
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...Key influences on individual learning processes. In this essay I will be discussing the key influences on individual learning processes, including a theory of learning, learning influences, learning skills, and learning support. I will then conclude how positive influences can be used as advantages and how to eliminate or change negative influences including learning styles. I shall then assess the impact of the key influences on my learning, give detail to the assessment with insight to opposing perspectives and how they can and do impact my learning, with a conclusion. To finish the essay I will evaluate how personal learning and development may benefit others. Theory of learning Kolb and his experiential learning cycle This theory has two different levels; four stage cycle of learning, and four separate learning styles. Learning cycle 1. Concrete Experience – when a learner encounters a new experience or a different interpretation of something they’ve already experienced. 2. Reflective Observation- Of particular importance are any inconsistencies between experience and understanding. 3. Abstract Conceptualization- gives rise to a new idea, or a modification of an existing abstract concept. 4. Active Experimentation- the learner applies them to the world around them to see what results. Learning Styles Diverging - feeling and watching CE & RO These people are able to look at things from different perspectives. They are sensitive and prefer to watch...
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