INREODUCTION
ATM, stand for Automated Transaction Machine. Other names for this system are called automated banking machine cash-point (in Britain), money machine, bank machine, cash machine, and hole-in-the-wall. From the name we can observe that different countries have their own culture. There are two primary types of ATM. The most basic is allowing customer to withdraw money, and check the bank account balance. To access these features, you usually need to be a member of the bank that operates the machine.
The history of ATM was started with at the year 1960, with the growth of the PC and a telecommunications industry, the 1st Atm was installed at a branch of Barclays Bank in London. Automated transaction machine is a terminal that bank customers access their bank accounts in order to make cash, use to perform withdrawals, check their account balances and other transactions with their bank account. Besides, ATM is a computerized telecommunication device that provide bank customer convenient. Customer can access the financial transaction at anytime anywhere without the need for a cashier, clerk or bank teller. The lower requirement that people can enjoy this system is that they have to join the bank and open the account in the bank. Plastic ATM card is given, the card contain a unique card number and some security information. People can access and carry out personal banking transaction within 24 hours.
ATM are available at everywhere, not just only near or inside the building of bank, it also located in shopping centers, airports, grocery stores, petrol stations, restaurants, or any place large numbers of people may gather.
Component of the machine
Card reader
The card reader captures the account information stored on the magnetic stripe on the back of an ATM/debit or credit card. The host processor uses this information to route the transaction to the cardholder's bank.
Keypad
The keypad is allowing the customer to key in what they are required. For example, cash withdraw, check account balance etc. besides that, the keypad is also used by customer to key in their personal identification number (PIN) for verification.
ATM card
Since the social environment has change, people need fast, good quality services. With an ATM card, people can access and carry out their personal banking transactions at 24-hours that are convenient to everyone even day or night. The ATM card is quite mini size with rectangle shape. The card contains unique personal information and allows the bank customer to access their bank account. In order to protect their interest, they have to set their PIN number. Other than that, the features of the card are many and useful. With the card, people can deposit cash or cheques into their account, transfer fund, check the account balance, change the PIN, view transactional history, and make payments to other same bank customers. ATM card also can be used in other foreign currency accounts, some service will charge. With this card, people can withdraw cash from their account at around 500,000 ATM.
Speaker
The speaker is provided audio feedback to the bank customers when a key is pressed.
Display screen
The display screen has showed out that what customer need to do, what is required or something else. This feature can provide bank’s customers understand each step of the transaction process and make sure the transaction was process smoothly.
Receipt printer
Once the transaction process was finish, the receipt printer provides the bank’s customer a receipt of the transaction. The content of the receipt was including the bank’s customer name, the date, time, and where to making transaction, and total balance of account.
Cash dispenser
If the person is withdraw the money, then after the transaction process was done. The money will come out from the cash dispenser.
Input, processing, output, storage and control activities
In information system, Input is the activity of gathering and capturing raw data.
The basic inputs to the ATM are an ATM card is needed, keypad for entering the password and the envelope receiver pin used to make deposits. All of these information combine together to create a requirements message to the authorizing system; this message, a Transaction Request or TREQ, is sent over a public or private data communications network. ATMs keep customers personal identification number (PIN) and other information safe by using encryption software. Encryption software is the process of encoding information in such a way that only the person (or computer) with the key can decode it.

In information system, processing means converting or transforming data into useful outputs. Processing can involve making calculations, comparing data and taking alternative actions and storing data for future use. Processing data into useful information is critical in business setting.
The authorizing system receives the TREQ and proceeds to decode and process the Information. After the ATM has read your card and you have successfully entered your PIN (Personal Identification Number), which it temporarily stores in memory, you can complete your transaction. For example, if you want to withdraw money. Once you insert the ATM card and finish typing your PIN number. The machine will ask you about how much you want to withdraw. Using the keypad, select the amount that show on the screen. If there do not have the amount that you want, click the ‘other ‘that at the right bottom of the screen, after that, you can type the amount that you wish to take out. The codes for the keys you press go into memory until the processor uses them to determine what action to take. At the moment you are actually reading a display output that shows you status messages. After those calculations are performed, the results are typically stored. Storage involves keeping data and information available for future use. Database is 1 type of storage. ATMs store the detail of the customer, password, and the amount of balance.

In information system, output involves producing useful information, usually in the form of documents and reports.

The processor in the ATM checks whether your bank account is active and if there are sufficient funds to proceed. If it is a cash request, the cash is presented; the cash will come out through the cash dispensing machine door which is another output. However, if it is an information request, it is shown on the screen or printed on a receipt. Receipt is also an output device, it show how many cash you still have, how much cash you taken off, when you taken and so on.

In the information system, control is information from the system that is used to make changes to input or processing activities. Error or problem might make it necessary to correct input data or change a process.

Benefits of using ATM
Nowadays, doing businesses are not that easy. People have to think more creatively idea to satisfy those customer needs and wants, since people needs and wants are unlimited. The way of bank to create new business opportunity was introduced ATM. After ATMs were launch, it really can increase the bank business because ATMs provide superior function to bank’s customers. By using ATM, customer can enjoy a lot of advantages. The advantages that customer can get were include:
ATM provides 24 hours service
Since the external environment change, it will affect the world social culture or lifestyle. Nowadays, the trend had changed to busy life, people are seek to have some goods or services that are provides faster, good quality and other that bring convenient to them. That is the reason why now every bank is with having ATM. ATM provides 24 hours services. The customer can withdraw cash up to a certain a limit during any time of the day or night.
ATM gives convenience to bank's customers
Since the ATM provides 24 hours service to all. It brings convenient to the bank’s customer. In the past, ATMs was only available in the building of the bank, but nowadays there are not only in the bank but also in shopping mall, restaurant, fuel station and etc. ATMs are available at everywhere, so that people can withdraw or access their bank account at anywhere, and anytime. So that, having an ATM cash machine available for customers makes it easy for them to do business.
ATM reduces the bank's staffs work.
Besides that, creation of ATM can reduce the bank’s employee work, and the same time reduces their stress. Other than that, by having this system, people no need to queue so long to process the transaction and save a lot of time. It usually delights the customers who are always busy in their time. However there is always opposite between each of the view, people may feel unsecure when they interact with a machine. People always prefer face to face interaction, because communication is important to lead understanding. Therefore, they may feel confidence toward the bank services or products.
ATM is very beneficial for travelers
ATM is helping a lot to travelers. Sometimes, bringing a lot of cash is very dangerous for a person, it’s not safe. Thus, travelers usually do not carry so much cash with them. Since ATMs are around the world, they can withdraw money from any area, across the country and even from outside the country.
ATM may give customers new currency notes
The customer also gets brand new currency notes from ATM. In other words, customers do not get soiled notes from ATM.
ATM provides privacy in banking transaction
Most of all, ATM provide privacy in banking transactions of the customer. They take care of customer interest and safety. So that, their customer feel secure while transact account transaction.